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Nucleic acid products and compositions and their uses are provided. In particular, nucleic acid products are provided that modulate, interfere with, or inhibit APOC3 gene expression. The products can be oligomeric compounds that comprise at least a first region of linked nucleosides having at least a first nucleobase sequence that is at least partially complementary to at least a portion of RNA transcribed from a APOC3 gene, wherein said first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs 1 to 39
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of and priority to two U.S. Provisional Patent Applications, Nos. 63/214,608, filed Jun. 24, 2021, and 63/318,287, filed Mar. 9, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
SEQUENCE LISTING
The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted electronically in ASCII format and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said ASCII copy, created on Nov. 7, 2022, is named 4690_0050C_SL_ST.25.txt and is 373 kilobytes in size.
FIELD
Nucleic acid products and compositions, and their uses, that modulate, in particular interfere with, or inhibit, apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene expression are provided. Specific embodiments provide methods, compounds, and compositions for reducing expression of APOC3 mRNA and protein in an animal. Such methods, compounds, and compositions are useful to treat, prevent, or ameliorate APOC3-associated disorders such as dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperchylomicronemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
BACKGROUND
Triglycerides are esters of glycerol with three fatty acids. They serve as storage of fat and energy and are transported via the bloodstream. Excess level of blood triglycerides have been recognized early on as causative agents or bystanders of a range of disorders. More recent evidence suggests a causative role, partly in conjunction with elevated levels of cholesterol (in particular LDL cholesterol) in ASCVD and disorders subsumed under this term or associated therewith. A more comprehensive list of disorders associated with elevated levels of triglycerides is given in the embodiments disclosed further below. Apolipoprotein C3 is secreted by the liver and the small intestine. It can be found on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins including very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and chylomicrons. It is involved in the negative regulation of lipid catabolism, especially triglyceride catabolism, and of the clearance of VLDL, LDL and HDL lipoproteins. A molecular function of APOC3 is the inhibition of lipoprotein lipase and of hepatic lipase.
Disease
Abnormal amounts of circulating triglycerides, also referred to as hypertriglyceridemia, is a recognized disorder in itself which is inter alia owed to the fact that such abnormal amounts, in particular if they persist over extended periods of time, may entail disorders of the cardiovascular system and/or inflammation.
Treatment
Established treatments include the administration of statins such as Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin as well as of fibrates such as fenofibrate. However, statins may cause side effects, and certain patients are statin-intolerant.
There therefore remains a need for therapies to treat APOC3-associated diseases. We, therefore, aim to provide compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of such diseases. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) able to complementarily bind expressed mRNA has been shown to be able to block gene expression (Fire et al., 1998, Nature. 1998 Feb. 19; 391 (6669):806-1 1 and Elbashir et at., 2001, Nature. 2001 May 24; 41 1 (6836):494-8) by a mechanism that has been termed RNA interference (RNAi). Short dsRNAs direct gene-specific, post-transcriptional silencing in many organisms, including vertebrates, and have become a useful tool for studying gene function. RNAi is mediated by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a sequence-specific, multi-component nuclease that destroys messenger RNAs homologous to the silencing trigger loaded into the RISC complex. Interfering RNA (iRNA) such as siRNAs, antisense RNA, and micro-RNA are oligonucleotides that prevent the formation of proteins by gene-silencing i.e. inhibiting gene translation of the protein through degradation of mRNA molecules. Gene-silencing agents are becoming increasingly important for therapeutic applications in medicine.
According to Watts and Corey in the Journal of Pathology (2012; Vol 226, p 365-379) there are algorithms that can be used to design nucleic acid silencing triggers, but all of these have severe limitations. It may take various experimental methods to identify potent siRNAs, as algorithms do not take into account factors such as tertiary structure of the target mRNA or the involvement of RNA binding proteins. Therefore the discovery of a potent nucleic acid silencing trigger with minimal off-target effects is a complex process. For the pharmaceutical development of these highly charged molecules it is necessary that they can be synthesised economically, distributed to target tissues, enter cells and function within acceptable limits of toxicity. An aim is to, therefore, provide compounds, methods, and pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of thromboembolic diseases as described herein, which comprise oligomeric compounds that modulate, in particular inhibit, gene expression by RNAi.
SUMMARY
Nucleic acid products are provided that modulate, in particular, interfere with or inhibit, apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) gene expression, and associated therapeutic uses. Specific oligomeric compounds and sequences are described herein. This summary provides a simplified form that is further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to determine the scope of the claimed subject matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1a shows dose curves of APOC3 leads for candidates in primary human hepatocytes;
FIG. 1b shows dose curves of APOC3 leads for Humanized mouse study in primary human hepatocytes;
FIG. 2 shows a timeline including the time point of applying the dose to the mice and time points for taking samples;
FIG. 3 shows remaining liver APOC3 mRNA and plasma APOC3 protein levels for the animals treated with APOC3-targeting mxRNA constructs as compared to the control animals;
FIG. 4 shows serum triglycerides and total cholesterol in the serum of the animals treated with APOC3-targeting mxRNA constructs as compared to the control (PBS);
FIG. 5a shows a Mean Percent of remaining APOC3 mRNA in liver tissues in plasma measured using ELISA for the animals treated with APOC3-targeting mxRNA constructs (10 mg/kg) as compared to the control animals;
FIG. 5b shows APOC3 protein levels in plasma measured using ELISA for the animals treated with APOC3-targeting mxRNA constructs (10 mg/kg) as compared to the control animals;
FIG. 6a shows the mean percent of triglycerides (TG) in the serum of the animals treated with APOC3 targeting mxRNA constructs as compared to the control animals at weeks 2 and 6;
FIG. 6b shows the total cholesterol (TC) level in serum of animals treated with APOC3 targeting mxRNA constructs as compared to the control animals at weeks 2 and 6;
FIG. 7 prevents a schematic overview of the duration study performed with compound A28(14-4)mF (also designated STP125G) in mice with a humanized liver;
FIG. 8a shows APOC3 mRNA as a function of time as observed in the duration study between control and treatment groups;
FIG. 8b shows APOC3 protein knockdown as a function of time as observed in the duration study between control and treatment groups;
FIG. 9a show serum triglyceride levels as a function of time between control and treatment groups;
FIG. 9b show serum total cholesterol levels as a function of time between control and treatment groups; and
FIG. 10 illustrates the humanized liver of the mice used for the duration study.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND EMBODIMENTS
The following are non-limiting aspects:
Aspect 1. An oligomeric compound capable of inhibiting expression of APOC3, wherein said compound comprises at least a first region of linked nucleosides having at least a first nucleobase sequence that is at least partially complementary to at least a portion of RNA transcribed from a APOC3 gene, wherein said first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: sequences of SEQ ID NOs 1 to 391, wherein said portion preferably has a length of at least 18 nucleotides.
Particularly preferred embodiments relate to mxRNAs: for further details see the embodiments and their discussion further below.
In addition, the antisense and sense regions disclosed herein may serve as building blocks for compounds which are directed to multiple targets. The general architecture of such compound ds is described in WO2020/065602.
Furthermore, and as disclosed further below, the disclosed embodiments also relate to double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). In contrast to an mxRNA, which has a hairpin-like structure connecting the sense and antisense RNA strands, a dsRNA lacks the hairpin loop and, therefore, dsRNA comprises two strands.
Aspect 2. A composition comprising an oligomeric compound according to aspect 1, and a physiologically acceptable excipient.
Aspect 3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligomeric compound according to aspect 1.
Aspect 4. An oligomeric compound according to aspect 1, for use in human or veterinary medicine or therapy.
Aspect 5. An oligomeric compound according to aspect 1, for use in a method of treating a disease or disorder.
Aspect 6. A method of treating a disease or disorder comprising administration of an oligomeric compound according to aspect 1, to an individual in need of treatment.
Aspect 7. Use of an oligomeric compound according to aspect 1, for use in research as a gene function analysis tool.
Aspect 8. Use of an oligomeric compound according to aspect 1 in the manufacture of a medicament for a treatment of a disease or disorder.
Further embodiments are described below by way of example only. These examples represent the best ways of putting the disclosed embodiments into practice that are currently known to the applicant, although they are not the only ways in which this could be achieved.
It will be understood that the benefits and advantages described herein may relate to one embodiment or may relate to several embodiments. The embodiments are not limited to those that solve any or all of the stated problems or those that have any or all of the stated benefits and advantages.
Features of different aspects and embodiments as described herein may be combined as appropriate, as would be apparent to a skilled person, and may be combined with any other aspects.
Definitions
The following definitions pertain to the disclosed embodiments throughout. In many instances, the definitions, in addition to the respective definition as such, provide non-exhaustive listings of possible implementations, which amount to preferred embodiments.
Unless specific definitions are provided, the nomenclature used in connection with, and the procedures and techniques of, analytical chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry described herein are those well known and commonly used in the art. Standard techniques may be used for chemical synthesis, and chemical analysis. Certain such techniques and procedures may be found for example in “Carbohydrate Modifications in Antisense Research” Edited by Sangvi and Cook, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C., 1994; “Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,” Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa., 21st edition, 2005; and “Antisense Drug Technology, Principles, Strategies, and Applications” Edited by Stanley T. Crooke, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.; and Sambrook et al., “Molecular Cloning, A laboratory Manual,” 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989, which are hereby incorporated by reference for any purpose. Where permitted, all patents, applications, published applications and other publications and other data referred to throughout in the disclosure are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
Unless otherwise indicated, the following terms have the following meanings:
As used herein, “excipient” means any compound or mixture of compounds that is added to a composition as provided herein that is suitable for delivery of an oligomeric compound.
As used herein, “nucleoside” means a compound comprising a nucleobase moiety and a sugar moiety. Nucleosides include, but are not limited to, naturally occurring nucleosides (as found in DNA and RNA) and modified nucleosides. Nucleosides may be linked to a phosphate moiety, phosphate-linked nucleosides also being referred to as “nucleotides”.
As used herein, “chemical modification” or “chemically modified” means a chemical difference in a compound when compared to a naturally occurring counterpart. Chemical modifications of oligonucleotides include nucleoside modifications (including sugar moiety modifications and nucleobase modifications) and internucleoside linkage modifications. In reference to an oligonucleotide, chemical modification does not include differences only in nucleobase sequence.
As used herein, “furanosyl” means a structure comprising a 5-membered ring comprising four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.
As used herein, “naturally occurring sugar moiety” means a ribofuranosyl as found in naturally occurring RNA or a deoxyribofuranosyl as found in naturally occurring DNA. A “naturally occurring sugar moiety” as referred to herein is also termed as an “unmodified sugar moiety”. In particular, such a “naturally occurring sugar moiety” or an “unmodified sugar moiety” as referred to herein has a —H (DNA sugar moiety) or —OH(RNA sugar moiety) at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety, especially a —H (DNA sugar moiety) at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety.
As used herein, “sugar moiety” means a naturally occurring sugar moiety or a modified sugar moiety of a nucleoside. As used herein, “modified sugar moiety” means a substituted sugar moiety or a sugar surrogate.
As used herein, “substituted sugar moiety” means a furanosyl that has been substituted. Substituted sugar moieties include, but are not limited to furanosyls comprising substituents at the 2′-position, the 3′-position, the 5′-position and/or the 4′-position. Certain substituted sugar moieties are bicyclic sugar moieties.
As used herein, “2′-substituted sugar moiety” means a furanosyl comprising a substituent at the 2′-position other than H or OH. Unless otherwise indicated, a 2′-substituted sugar moiety is not a bicyclic sugar moiety (i.e., the 2′-substituent of a 2′-substituted sugar moiety does not form a bridge to another atom of the furanosyl ring).
As used herein, “MOE” means —OCH2CH2OCH3.
As used herein, “2′-F nucleoside” refers to a nucleoside comprising a sugar comprising fluorine at the 2′ position. Unless otherwise indicated, the fluorine in a 2′-F nucleoside is in the ribo position (replacing the OH of a natural ribose). Duplexes of uniformly modified 2′-fluorinated (ribo) oligonucleotides hybridized to RNA strands are not RNase H substrates while the ara analogs retain RNase H activity.
As used herein the term “sugar surrogate” means a structure that does not comprise a furanosyl and that is capable of replacing the naturally occurring sugar moiety of a nucleoside, such that the resulting nucleoside sub-units are capable of linking together and/or linking to other nucleosides to form an oligomeric compound which is capable of hybridizing to a complementary oligomeric compound. Such structures include rings comprising a different number of atoms than furanosyl (e.g., 4, 6, or 7-membered rings); replacement of the oxygen of a furanosyl with a non-oxygen atom (e.g., carbon, sulfur, or nitrogen); or both a change in the number of atoms and a replacement of the oxygen. Such structures may also comprise substitutions corresponding to those described for substituted sugar moieties (e.g., 6-membered carbocyclic bicyclic sugar surrogates optionally comprising additional substituents). Sugar surrogates also include more complex sugar replacements (e.g., the non-ring systems of peptide nucleic acid). Sugar surrogates include without limitation morpholinos, cyclohexenyls and cyclohexitols.
As used herein, “bicyclic sugar moiety” means a modified sugar moiety comprising a 4 to 7 membered ring (including but not limited to a furanosyl) comprising a bridge connecting two atoms of the 4 to 7 membered ring to form a second ring, resulting in a bicyclic structure. In certain embodiments, the 4 to 7 membered ring is a sugar ring. In certain embodiments the 4 to 7 membered ring is a furanosyl. In certain such embodiments, the bridge connects the 2 ‘-carbon and the 4’-carbon of the furanosyl.
As used herein, “nucleotide” means a nucleoside further comprising a phosphate linking group. As used herein, “linked nucleosides” may or may not be linked by phosphate linkages and thus includes, but is not limited to “linked nucleotides.” As used herein, “linked nucleosides” are nucleosides that are connected in a continuous sequence (i.e. no additional nucleosides are present between those that are linked).
As used herein, “nucleobase” means a group of atoms that can be linked to a sugar moiety to create a nucleoside that is capable of incorporation into an oligonucleotide, and wherein the group of atoms is capable of bonding, more specifically hydrogen bonding, with a complementary naturally occurring nucleobase of another oligonucleotide or nucleic acid. Nucleobases may be naturally occurring or may be modified.
As used herein the terms, “unmodified nucleobase” or “naturally occurring nucleobase” means the naturally occurring heterocyclic nucleobases of RNA or DNA: the purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G), and the pyrimidine bases thymine (T), cytosine (C) (including 5-methyl C), and uracil (U).
As used herein, “modified nucleobase” means any nucleobase that is not a naturally occurring nucleobase.
As used herein, “modified nucleoside” means a nucleoside comprising at least one chemical modification compared to naturally occurring RNA or DNA nucleosides. Modified nucleosides can comprise a modified sugar moiety and/or a modified nucleobase.
As used herein, “bicyclic nucleoside” or “BNA” means a nucleoside comprising a bicyclic sugar moiety. As used herein, “locked nucleic acid nucleoside” or “LNA” means a nucleoside comprising a bicyclic sugar moiety comprising a 4′—CH2—O-2′bridge.
As used herein, “2 ‘-substituted nucleoside” means a nucleoside comprising a substituent at the 2’-position of the sugar moiety other than H or OH. Unless otherwise indicated, a 2 ′-substituted nucleoside is not a bicyclic nucleoside.
As used herein, “deoxynucleoside” means a nucleoside comprising 2′—H furanosyl sugar moiety, as found in naturally occurring deoxyribonucleosides (DNA). In certain embodiments, a 2′-deoxynucleoside may comprise a modified nucleobase or may comprise an RNA nucleobase (e.g., uracil).
As used herein, “oligonucleotide” means a compound comprising a plurality of linked nucleosides. In certain embodiments, an oligonucleotide comprises one or more unmodified ribonucleosides (RNA) and/or unmodified deoxyribonucleosides (DNA) and/or one or more modified nucleosides.
As used herein, “modified oligonucleotide” means an oligonucleotide comprising at least one modified nucleoside and/or at least one modified internucleoside linkage.
Preferred modified internucleoside linkages are those which confer increased stability as compared to the naturally occurring phosphodiesters. “Stability” means, in particular, the stability against hydrolysis including enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis, enzymes including exonucleases and endonucleases.
Preferred positions for such modified internucleoside linkages include the termini and the hairpin loop of single-stranded oligomeric compounds. For example, the internucleoside linkages connecting first and second nucleoside and second and third nucleoside counting from the 5′ terminus, and/or the internucleoside linkages connecting first and second nucleoside and second and third nucleoside counting from the 3′ terminus are modified. In addition, a linkage connecting the terminal nucleoside of the 3′ terminus with a ligand, such as GaINAc, may be modified.
As discussed above, preferred positions are in the hairpin loop of said single-stranded oligomeric compounds. In particular, all linkages, all but one linkages or the majority of linkages in the hairpin loop are modified. As used herein, “linkages in the hairpin loop” designates the linkages between nucleosides which are not engaged in base pairing. For example, in a hairpin loop consisting of five nucleosides, there are four linkages between nucleosides which are not engaged in base pairing. Preferably, the term “linkages in the hairpin loop” also extends to the linkages connecting the stem to the loop, i.e., those linkages which connect a base-paired nucleoside to a non-based paired nucleoside. Generally, there are two such positions in hairpins and mxRNAs as described herein.
Most preferred is that modified internucleoside linkages are at both termini and in the hairpin loop. As used herein, “linkage” or “linking group” means a group of atoms that link together two or more other groups of atoms.
As used herein “internucleoside linkage” means a covalent linkage between adjacent nucleosides in an oligonucleotide.
As used herein “naturally occurring internucleoside linkage” means a 3′ to 5′ phosphodiester linkage. As used herein, “modified internucleoside linkage” means any internucleoside linkage other than a naturally occurring internucleoside linkage. In particular, a “modified internucleoside linkage” as referred to herein can include a modified phosphorous linking group such as a phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkage.
As used herein, “terminal internucleoside linkage” means the linkage between the last two nucleosides of an oligonucleotide or defined region thereof.
As used herein, “phosphorus linking group” means a linking group comprising a phosphorus atom and can include naturally occurring phosphorous linking groups as present in naturally occurring RNA or DNA, such as phosphodiester linking groups, or modified phosphorous linking groups that are not generally present in naturally occurring RNA or DNA, such as phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate linking groups. Phosphorus linking groups can therefore include without limitation, phosphodiester, phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate, phosphonate, methylphosphonate, phosphoramidate, phosphorothioamidate, thionoalkylphosphonate, phosphotriesters, thionoalkylphosphotriester and boranophosphate.
As used herein, “internucleoside phosphorus linking group” means a phosphorus linking group that directly links two nucleosides.
As used herein, “oligomeric compound” means a polymeric structure comprising two or more substructures. In certain embodiments, an oligomeric compound comprises an oligonucleotide, such as a modified oligonucletide. In certain embodiments, an oligomeric compound further comprises one or more conjugate groups and/or terminal groups and/or ligands. In certain embodiments, an oligomeric compound consists of an oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, an oligomeric compound comprises a backbone of one or more linked monomeric sugar moieties, where each linked monomeric sugar moiety is directly or indirectly attached to a heterocyclic base moiety. In certain embodiments, oligomeric compounds may also include monomeric sugar moieties that are not linked to a heterocyclic base moiety, thereby providing abasic sites. Oligomeric compounds may be defined in terms of a nucleobase sequence only, i.e., by specifying the sequence of A, G, C, U (or T). In such a case, the structure of the sugar-phosphate backbone is not particularly limited and may or may not comprise modified sugars and/or modified phosphates. On the other hand, oligomeric compounds may be more comprehensively defined, i.e, by specifying not only the nucleobase sequence, but also the structure of the backbone, in particular the modification status of the sugars (unmodified, 2′-0Me modified, 2′-F modified etc.) and/or of the phosphates.
As used herein, “terminal group” means one or more atom attached to either, or both, the 3′ end or the 5′ end of an oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, a terminal group comprises one or more terminal group nucleosides.
As used herein, “conjugate” or “conjugate group” means an atom or group of atoms bound to an oligonucleotide or oligomeric compound. In certain embodiments, a conjugate group links a ligand to a modified oligonucleotide or oligomeric compound. In general, conjugate groups can modify one or more properties of the compound to which they are attached, including, but not limited to pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, binding, absorption, cellular distribution, cellular uptake, charge and/or clearance properties.
As used herein, “conjugate linker” or “linker” in the context of a conjugate group means a portion of a conjugate group comprising any atom or group of atoms and which covalently link an oligonucleotide to another portion of the conjugate group. In certain embodiments, the point of attachment on the oligomeric compound is the 3 ′-oxygen atom of the 3′-hydroxyl group of the 3′ terminal nucleoside of the oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments the point of attachment on the oligomeric compound is the 5′-oxygen atom of the 5′-hydroxyl group of the 5′ terminal nucleoside of the oligonucleotide. In certain embodiments, the bond for forming attachment to the oligomeric compound is a cleavable bond. In certain such embodiments, such cleavable bond constitutes all or part of a cleavable moiety.
In certain embodiments, conjugate groups comprise a cleavable moiety (e.g., a cleavable bond or cleavable nucleoside) and ligand portion that can comprise one or more ligands, such as a carbohydrate cluster portion, such as an N-Acetyl-Galactosamine, also referred to as “GaINAc”, cluster portion. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrate cluster portion is identified by the number and identity of the ligand. For example, in certain embodiments, the carbohydrate cluster portion comprises 2 GaINAc groups. For example, in certain embodiments, the carbohydrate cluster portion comprises 3 GaINAc groups and this is particularly preferred. In certain embodiments, the carbohydrate cluster portion comprises 4 GaINAc groups. Such ligand portions are attached to an oligomeric compound via a cleavable moiety, such as a cleavable bond or cleavable nucleoside. The ligands can be arranged in a linear or branched configuration, such as a biantennary or triantennary configurations. A preferred carbohydrate cluster, also referred to as “toothbrush,” has the following formula:
wherein in said structural formula one, two, or three phosphodiester linkages can also be substituted by phosphothionate linkages.
As used herein, “cleavable moiety” means a bond or group that is capable of being cleaved under physiological conditions. In certain embodiments, a cleavable moiety is cleaved inside a cell or sub-cellular compartments, such as an endosome or lysosome. In certain embodiments, a cleavable moiety is cleaved by endogenous enzymes, such as nucleases. In certain embodiments, a cleavable moiety comprises a group of atoms having one, two, three, four, or more than four cleavable bonds. In certain embodiments, a cleavable moiety is a phosphodiester linkage.
As used herein, “cleavable bond” means any chemical bond capable of being broken.
As used herein, “carbohydrate cluster” means a compound having one or more carbohydrate residues attached to a linker group.
As used herein, “modified carbohydrate” means any carbohydrate having one or more chemical modifications relative to naturally occurring carbohydrates.
As used herein, “carbohydrate derivative” means any compound which may be synthesized using a carbohydrate as a starting material or intermediate.
As used herein, “carbohydrate” means a naturally occurring carbohydrate, a modified carbohydrate, or a carbohydrate derivative. A carbohydrate is a biomolecule including carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms. Carbohydrates can include monosaccharide, disaccharides, trisaccharides, tetrasaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, such as one or more galactose moieties, one or more lactose moieties, one or more N-Acetyl-Galactosamine moieties, and/or one or more mannose moieties. A particularly preferred carbohydrate is N-Acetyl-Galactosamine.
As used herein, “strand” means an oligomeric compound comprising linked nucleosides.
As used herein, “single strand” or “single-stranded” means an oligomeric compound comprising linked nucleosides that are connected in a continuous sequence without a break therebetween. Such single strands may include regions of sufficient self-complementarity so as to be capable of forming a stable self-duplex in a hairpin structure.
As used herein, “hairpin” means a single stranded oligomeric compound that includes a duplex formed by base pairing between sequences in the strand that are self-complementary and opposite in directionality.
As used herein, “hairpin loop” means an unpaired loop of linked nucleosides in a hairpin that is created as a result of hybridization of the self-complementary sequences. The resulting structure looks like a loop or a U-shape.
In particular, short hairpin RNA, also denoted as shRNA, comprises a duplex region and a loop connecting the regions forming the duplex. The end of the duplex region which does not carry the loop may be blunt-ended or carry (a) 3′ and/or (a) 5′ overhang(s). Preference is given to blunt-ended constructs.
As used herein, “directionality” means the end-to-end chemical orientation of an oligonucleotide based on the chemical convention of numbering of carbon atoms in the sugar moiety meaning that there will be a 5′-end defined by the 5′ carbon of the sugar moiety, and a 3′-end defined by the 3′ carbon of the sugar moiety. In a duplex or double stranded oligonucleotide, the respective strands run in opposite 5′ to 3′ directions to permit base pairing between them.
As used herein, “duplex” or also abbreviated as “dup” means two or more complementary strand regions, or strands, of an oligonucleotide or oligonucleotides, hybridized together by way of non-covalent, sequence-specific interaction therebetween. Most commonly, the hybridization in the duplex will be between nucleobases adenine (A) and thymine (T), and/or (A) adenine and uracil (U), and/or guanine (G) and cytosine (C). The duplex may be part of a single stranded structure, wherein self-complementarity leads to hybridization, or as a result of hybridization between respective strands in a double stranded construct.
As used herein, “double strand” or “double stranded” means a pair of oligomeric compounds that are hybridized to one another. In certain embodiments, a double-stranded oligomeric compound comprises a first and a second oligomeric compound.
As used herein, “expression” means the process by which a gene ultimately results in a protein. Expression includes, but is not limited to, transcription, post-transcriptional modification (e.g., splicing, polyadenlyation, addition of 5′-cap), and translation.
As used herein, “transcription” or “transcribed” means the first of several steps of DNA based gene expression in which a target sequence of DNA is copied into RNA (especially mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA sequence called a primary transcript.
As used herein, “target sequence” means a sequence to which an oligomeric compound is intended to hybridize to result in a desired activity with respect to APOC3 expression. Oligonucleotides have sufficient complementarity to their target sequences to allow hybridization under physiological conditions.
As used herein, “nucleobase complementarity” or “complementarity” when in reference to nucleobases means a nucleobase that is capable of base pairing with another nucleobase. For example, in DNA, adenine (A) is complementary to thymine (T). For example, in RNA, adenine (A) is complementary to uracil (U). In both DNA and RNA, guanine (G) is complementary to cytosine (C). In certain embodiments, complementary nucleobase means a nucleobase of an oligomeric compound that is capable of base pairing with a nucleobase of its target sequence. For example, if a nucleobase at a certain position of an oligomeric compound is capable of hydrogen bonding with a nucleobase at a certain position of a target sequence, then the position of hydrogen bonding between the oligomeric compound and the target sequence is considered to be complementary at that nucleobase pair. Nucleobases comprising certain modifications may maintain the ability to pair with a counterpart nucleobase and thus, are still capable of nucleobase complementarity.
As used herein, “non-complementary” in reference to nucleobases means a pair of nucleobases that do not form hydrogen bonds with one another.
As used herein, “complementary” in reference to oligomeric compounds (e.g., linked nucleosides, oligonucleotides) means the capacity of such oligomeric compounds or regions thereof to hybridize to a target sequence, or to a region of the oligomeric compound itself, through nucleobase complementarity. Complementary oligomeric compounds need not have nucleobase complementarity at each nucleoside.
Rather, some mismatches are tolerated. In certain embodiments, complementary oligomeric compounds or regions are complementary at 70% of the nucleobases (70% complementary). In certain embodiments, complementary oligomeric compounds or regions are 80%>complementary. In certain embodiments, complementary oligomeric compounds or regions are 90%>complementary. In certain embodiments, complementary oligomeric compounds or regions are at least 95% complementary. In certain embodiments, complementary oligomeric compounds or regions are 100% complementary. As used herein, “self-complementarity” in reference to oligomeric compounds means a compound that may fold back on itself, creating a duplex as a result of nucleobase hybridization of internal complementary strand regions. Depending on how close together and/or how long the strand regions are, then the compound may form hairpin loops, junctions, bulges or internal loops.
As used herein, “mismatch” means a nucleobase of an oligomeric compound that is not capable of pairing with a nucleobase at a corresponding position of a target sequence, or at a corresponding position of the oligomeric compound itself when the oligomeric compound hybridizes as a result of self-complementarity, when the oligomeric compound and the target sequence and/or self-complementary regions of the oligomeric compound, are aligned.
As used herein, “hybridization” means the pairing of complementary oligomeric compounds (e.g., an oligomeric compound and its target sequence). While not limited to a particular mechanism, the most common mechanism of pairing involves hydrogen bonding, which may be Watson-Crick, Hoogsteen or reversed Hoogsteen hydrogen bonding, between complementary nucleobases.
As used herein, “specifically hybridizes” means the ability of an oligomeric compound to hybridize to one nucleic acid site with greater affinity than it hybridizes to another nucleic acid site.
As used herein, “fully complementary” in reference to an oligomeric compound or region thereof means that each nucleobase of the oligomeric compound or region thereof is capable of pairing with a nucleobase of a complementary nucleic acid target sequence or a self-complementary region of the oligomeric compound. Thus, a fully complementary oligomeric compound or region thereof comprises no mismatches or unhybridized nucleobases with respect to its target sequence or a self-complementary region of the oligomeric compound.
As used herein, “percent complementarity” means the percentage of nucleobases of an oligomeric compound that are complementary to an equal-length portion of a target nucleic acid. Percent complementarity is calculated by dividing the number of nucleobases of the oligomeric compound that are complementary to nucleobases at corresponding positions in the target nucleic acid by the total length of the oligomeric compound.
As used herein, “percent identity” means the number of nucleobases in a first nucleic acid that are the same type (independent of chemical modification) as nucleobases at corresponding positions in a second nucleic acid, divided by the total number of nucleobases in the first nucleic acid.
As used herein, “modulation” means a change of amount or quality of a molecule, function, or activity when compared to the amount or quality of a molecule, function, or activity prior to modulation. For example, modulation includes the change, either an increase (stimulation or induction) or a decrease (inhibition or reduction) in gene expression.
As used herein, “type of modification” in reference to a nucleoside or a nucleoside of a “type” means the chemical modification of a nucleoside and includes modified and unmodified nucleosides. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, a “nucleoside having a modification of a first type” may be an unmodified nucleoside.
As used herein, “differently modified” means chemical modifications or chemical substituents that are different from one another, including absence of modifications. Thus, for example, a MOE nucleoside and an unmodified naturally occurring RNA nucleoside are “differently modified,” even though the naturally occurring nucleoside is unmodified. Likewise, DNA and RNA oligonucleotides are “differently modified,” even though both are naturally-occurring unmodified nucleosides. Nucleosides that are the same but for comprising different nucleobases are not differently modified. For example, a nucleoside comprising a 2′—OMe modified sugar moiety and an unmodified adenine nucleobase and a nucleoside comprising a 2′—OMe modified sugar moiety and an unmodified thymine nucleobase are not differently modified.
As used herein, “the same type of modifications” refers to modifications that are the same as one another, including absence of modifications. Thus, for example, two unmodified RNA nucleosides have “the same type of modification,” even though the RNA nucleosides are unmodified. Such nucleosides having the same type modification may comprise different nucleobases.
As used herein, “region” or “regions”, or “portion” or “portions”, mean a plurality of linked nucleosides that have a function or character as defined herein, in particular with reference to the claims and definitions as provided herein. Typically such regions or portions comprise at least 10, at least 11, at least 12 or at least 13 linked nucleosides. For example, such regions can comprise 13 to 20 linked nucleosides, such as 13 to 16 or 18 to 20 linked nucleosides. Typically a first region as defined herein consists essentially of 18 to 20 nucleosides and a second region as defined herein consists essentially of 13 to 16 linked nucleosides.
As used herein, “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent” means any substance suitable for use in administering to an animal. In certain embodiments, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent is sterile saline. In certain embodiments, such sterile saline is pharmaceutical grade saline.
As used herein, “substituent” and “substituent group,” means an atom or group that replaces the atom or group of a named parent compound. For example a substituent of a modified nucleoside is any atom or group that differs from the atom or group found in a naturally occurring nucleoside (e.g., a modified 2′-substituent is any atom or group at the 2′-position of a nucleoside other than H or OH). Substituent groups can be protected or unprotected. In certain embodiments, compounds of the present disclosure have substituents at one or at more than one position of the parent compound. Substituents may also be further substituted with other substituent groups and may be attached directly or via a linking group such as oxygen or an alkyl or hydrocarbyl group to a parent compound.
Such substituents can be present as the modification on the sugar moiety, in particular a substituent present at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety. Unless otherwise indicated, groups amenable for use as substituents include without limitation, one or more of halo, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, acyl, carboxyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkylene and amino substituents. Certain substituents as described herein can represent modifications directly attached to a ring of a sugar moiety (such as a halo, such as fluoro, directly attached to a sugar ring), or a modification indirectly linked to a ring of a sugar moiety by way of an oxygen linking atom that itself is directly linked to the sugar moiety (such as an alkoxyalkylene, such as methoxyethylene, linked to an oxygen atom, overall providing an MOE substituent as described herein attached to the 2′-position of the sugar moiety).
As used herein, “alkyl,” as used herein, means a saturated straight or branched monovalent C1-6 hydrocarbon radical, with methyl being a most preferred alkyl as a substituent at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety. The alkyl group typically attaches to an oxygen linking atom at the 2′position of the sugar, therefore, overall providing a—Oalkyl substituent, such as an —OCH3 substituent, on a sugar moiety of an oligomeric compound as described herein. This will be well understood be a person skilled in the art.
As used herein, “alkylene” means a saturated straight or branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of the general formula —CnH2n— where n is 1-6. Methylene or ethylene are preferred alkylenes.
As used herein, “alkenyl” means a straight or branched unsaturated monovalent C2-6 hydrocarbon radical, with ethenyl or propenyl being most preferred alkenyls as a substituent at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety. As will be well understood in the art, the degree of unsaturation that is present in an alkenyl radical is the presence of at least one carbon to carbon double bond. The alkenyl group typically attaches to an oxygen linking atom at the 2′-position of the sugar, therefore, overall providing a—Oalkenyl substituent, such as an —OCH2CH═CH2 substituent, on a sugar moiety of an oligomeric compound as described herein. This will be well understood be a person skilled in the art.
As used herein, “alkynyl” means a straight or branched unsaturated C2-6 hydrocarbon radical, with ethynyl being a most preferred alkynyl as a substituent at the 2′-position of the sugar moiety. As will be well understood in the art, the degree of unsaturation that is present in an alkynyl radical is the presence of at least one carbon to carbon triple bond. The alkynyl group typically attaches to an oxygen linking atom at the 2′-position of the sugar, therefore, overall providing a—Oalkynyl substituent on a sugar moiety of an oligomeric compound as described herein. This will be well understood be a person skilled in the art.
As used herein, “carboxyl” is a radical having a general formula —CO2H.
As used herein, “acyl” means a radical formed by removal of a hydroxyl group from a carboxyl radical as defined herein and has the general Formula —C(O)—X where X is typically Cis alkyl.
As used herein, “alkoxy” means a radical formed between an alkyl group, such as a C1-6 alkyl group, and an oxygen atom wherein the oxygen atom is used to attach the alkoxy group either to a parent molecule (such as at the 2′-position of a sugar moiety), or to another group such as an alkylene group as defined herein. Examples of alkoxy groups include without limitation, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy and tert-butoxy. Alkoxy groups as used herein may optionally include further substituent groups.
As used herein, alkoxyalkylene means an alkoxy group as defined herein that is attached to an alkylene group also as defined herein, and wherein the oxygen atom of the alkoxy group attaches to the alkylene group and the alkylene attaches to a parent molecule. The alkylene group typically attaches to an oxygen linking atom at the 2′-position of the sugar, therefore, overall providing a—Oalkylenealkoxy substituent, such as an —OCH2CH2OCH3 substituent, on a sugar moiety of an oligomeric compound as described herein. This will be well understood by a person skilled in the art and is generally referred to as an MOE substituent as defined herein and as known in the art.
As used herein, “amino” includes primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups.
As used herein, “halo” and “halogen,” mean an atom selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
As used herein, the term “mxRNA” is in particular understood as defined in WO 2020/044186 A2 which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
It will also be understood that oligomeric compounds as described herein may have one or more non-hybridizing nucleosides at one or both ends of one or both strands (overhangs) and/or one or more internal non-hybridizing nucleosides (mismatches) provided there is sufficient complementarity to maintain hybridization under physiologically relevant conditions. Alternatively, oligomeric compounds as described herein may be blunt ended at at least one end.
The term “comprising” is used herein to mean including the method steps or elements identified, but that such steps or elements do not comprise an exclusive list and as such there may be present additional steps or elements.
Further, to the extent that the term “includes” is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.
The following exemplary embodiments (items) are provided:
1. An oligomeric compound capable of inhibiting expression of APOC3, wherein the compound comprises at least a first region of linked nucleosides having at least a first nucleobase sequence that is at least partially complementary to at least a portion of RNA transcribed from an APOC3 gene, wherein the first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: sequences of Tables 1a and 2a (SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 391), wherein the portion preferably has a length of at least 18 nucleotides.
Said first region is also referred to as the antisense region, and said second region is also referred to as the sense region. As disclosed in preferred embodiments below, said two regions may be located on the same strand, preferably in an adjacent manner. This gives rise to hairpin molecules, also referred to as mxRNAs. On the other hand, said two regions may be located on separate strands which gives rise to double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), wherein preferably each strand consists of the respective region. Moreover, said regions may serve as building blocks for muRNAs (see above at Aspect 1). In other words, said first and said second region as defined herein may be used, in accordance with the following definition of muRNAs as first and third regions, respectively:
A nucleic acid construct (muRNA) comprising at least:
(a) a first nucleic acid portion that is at least partially complementary to at least a first portion of an RNA which is transcribed from a APOC3 gene;
(b) a second nucleic acid portion that is at least partially complementary to at least a second portion of an RNA which is transcribed from another gene;
(c) a third nucleic acid portion that is at least partially complementary to said first nucleic acid portion of (a), so as to form a first nucleic acid duplex region therewith; and
(d) a fourth nucleic acid portion that is at least partially complementary to said second nucleic acid portion of (b), so as to form a second nucleic acid duplex region therewith.
Preferred embodiments of and further aspects relating to muRNAs are disclosed in WO2020/065602.
2. The oligomeric compound according to item 1, which further comprises at least a second region of linked nucleosides having at least a second nucleobase sequence that is at least partially complementary to the first nucleobase sequence and is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: sequences of Tables 1c and 2c (SEQ ID NOs: 401 to 791), wherein the portion preferably has a length of at least 11 nucleotides, or wherein the portion preferably has a length of at least 8, 9, 10 or 11 nucleotides, more preferably at least 10 nucleotides.
3. The oligomeric compound according to item 1 or 2, wherein the first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 175, 293, 262, 297, 277, 366, 337, 254, 274, 286, 137, 149, 280, 343, 225, 221, 185, 373, 121, 281, 331, 367, 296, 28, 345, 328, 339, 278, 271, 212, 223, 369, 276, 332, 300, 341, 334, 138, 193, 340, 31, 167, 275, 191, 336, 90, 346, 219, 283, 213, 23, 24, 285, 347, 370, 206, 282, 342, 272, 303, 220, 209, 29, 89, 291, 117, 372, 218, 368, 148, 217, 128, 338, 171, 94, 324, and 299.
4. The oligomeric compound according to item 3, wherein the second nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 575, 693, 662, 697, 677, 766, 737, 654, 674, 686, 537, 549, 680, 743, 625, 621, 585, 773, 521, 681, 731, 767, 696, 428, 745, 728, 739, 678, 671, 612, 623, 769, 676, 732, 700, 741, 734, 538, 593, 740, 431, 567, 675, 591, 736, 490, 746, 619, 683, 613, 423, 424, 685, 747, 770, 606, 682, 742, 672, 703, 620, 609, 429, 489, 691, 517, 772, 618, 768, 548, 617, 528, 738, 571, 494, 724, and 699.
5. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 4, wherein the first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 277, 337, 28, 343, 369, 366, 274, 367, 336, 332, 293, 373, 280, 221, 334, 286, 149, 193, 328, 175, 262, 254, 185, 328, 271, 137, 225, 167, 297, and 191.
6. The oligomeric compound according to item 5, wherein the second nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 677, 737, 428, 743, 769, 766, 674, 767, 736, 732, 693, 773, 680, 621, 734, 686, 549, 593, 728, 575, 662, 654, 585, 728, 671, 537, 625, 567, 697, and 591.
7. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 6, wherein the first nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 28, 277, 336, 337, 366, 367, and 369, preferably SEQ ID NO: 28 or 277, more preferably SEQ ID NO: 28.
These embodiments define antisense nucleobase sequences which provide for surprisingly outstanding performance. For evidence, reference is made to the Examples.
8. The oligomeric compound according to item 7, wherein the second nucleobase sequence is selected from the following sequences, or a portion thereof: SEQ ID NOs: 428, 677, 736, 737, 766, 767, and 769, preferably SEQ ID NO: 428 or 677, more preferably SEQ ID NO: 428.
9. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 8, wherein the first region of linked nucleosides consists essentially of 18 to 35, preferably 18 to 20, more preferably 18 or 19, and yet more preferably 19 linked nucleosides.
10. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 2 to 9, wherein the second region of linked nucleosides consists essentially of 11 to 35, preferably 11 to 20, more preferably 13 to 16, and yet more preferably 14 or 15, most preferably 14 linked nucleosides; or wherein the second region of linked nucleosides consists essentially of 10 to 35, preferably 10 to 20, more preferably 10 to 16, and yet more preferably 10 to 15 linked nucleosides.
11. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 2 to 10, which comprises at least one complementary duplex region that comprises at least a portion of the first nucleoside region directly or indirectly linked to at least a portion of the second nucleoside region, wherein preferably the duplex region has a length of 11 to 19, more preferably 14 to 19, and yet more preferably 14 or 15 base pairs, most preferably 14 base pairs, wherein optionally there is one mismatch within the duplex region; or which comprises at least one complementary duplex region that comprises at least a portion of the first nucleoside region directly or indirectly linked to at least a portion of the second nucleoside region, wherein preferably the duplex region has a length of 10 to 19, more preferably 12 to 19, and yet more preferably 12 to 15 base pairs, wherein optionally there is one mismatch within the duplex region.
12. The oligomeric compound according to item 11, wherein each of the first and second nucleoside regions has a 5′ to 3′ directionality thereby defining 5′ and 3′ regions respectively thereof.
13. The oligomeric compound according to item 12, wherein the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region, for example by complementary base pairing, and/or wherein the 3′ region of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to the 5′ region of the second nucleoside region, wherein preferably the 5′ terminal nucleoside of the first nucleoside region base pairs with the 3′ terminal nucleoside of the second nucleoside region; or wherein the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region, for example by complementary base pairing, wherein preferably the 5′ terminal nucleoside of the first nucleoside region base pairs with the 3′ terminal nucleoside of the second nucleoside region.
14. The oligomeric compound according to item 12 or 13, wherein the 3′ region of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to the 5′ region of the second nucleoside region, wherein preferably the first nucleoside region is directly and covalently linked to the second nucleoside region such as by a phosphate, a phosphorothioate, or a phosphorodithoate.
15. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 14, which further comprises one or more ligands.
16. The oligomeric compound according to item 15, wherein the one or more ligands are conjugated to the second nucleoside region and/or the first nucleoside region.
17. The oligomeric compound according to item 16, as dependent on claim 12, wherein the one or more ligands are conjugated at the 3′ region, preferably to the 3′ end of the second nucleoside region and/or of the first nucleoside region, and/or to the 5′ end of the second nucleoside region.
18. The oligomeric compound according to any of item 15 to 17, wherein the one or more ligands are any cell directing moiety, such as lipids, carbohydrates, aptamers, vitamins and/or peptides that bind cellular membrane or a specific target on cellular surface.
19. The oligomeric compound according to item 18, wherein the one or more ligands comprise one or more carbohydrates.
20. The oligomeric compound according to item 19, wherein the one or more carbohydrates can be a monosaccharide, disaccharide, trisaccharide, tetrasaccharide, oligosaccharide or polysaccharide.
21. The oligomeric compound according to item 20, wherein the one or more carbohydrates comprise or consist of one or more hexose moieties.
22. The oligomeric compound according to item 21, wherein the one or more hexose moieties are one or more galactose moieties, one or more lactose moieties, one or more N-Acetyl-Galactosamine moieties, and/or one or more mannose moieties.
23. The oligomeric compound according to item 22, wherein the one or more carbohydrates comprise one or more N-Acetyl-Galactosamine moieties.
24. The oligomeric compound according to item 23, which comprises two or three N-Acetyl-Galactosamine moieties, preferably three.
25. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 15 to 24, wherein the one or more ligands are attached to the oligomeric compound, preferably to the second nucleoside region thereof, in a linear configuration, or in a branched configuration.
26. The oligomeric compound according to item 25, wherein the one or more ligands are attached to the oligomeric compound as a biantennary or triantennary configuration.
27. The oligomeric compound according to any one of items 1 to 26, wherein the compound consists of the first region of linked nucleosides and the second region of linked nucleosides.
Each of said regions may constitute a separate strand, thereby giving rise to a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Particularly preferred dsRNAs are those with a length of the first strand of 19 nucleosides and a length of the second region of 14 or 15, preferably 14 nucleosides. When used for defining the length of a region or strand, the terms “nucleoside” and “nucleotide” (sometimes abbreviated “nt”) are used equivalently.
28. The oligomeric compound according to item 12, wherein the oligomeric compound comprises a single strand comprising the first and second nucleoside regions, wherein the single strand dimerises whereby at least a portion of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to at least a portion of the second nucleoside region so as to form the at least partially complementary duplex region.
In other words, the oligomeric compound comprises a single strand comprising the first and second nucleoside regions, wherein at least a portion of the first nucleoside region is directly or indirectly linked to at least a portion of the second nucleoside region so as to form the at least partially complementary duplex region.
29. The oligomeric compound according to item 28, wherein the first nucleoside region has a greater number of linked nucleosides compared to the second nucleoside region, whereby the additional number of linked nucleosides of the first nucleoside region form a hairpin loop linking the first and second nucleoside regions.
Such compounds are also referred to as hairpins or mxRNAs herein.
30. The oligomeric compound according to item 29, as dependent on claim 12, whereby the hairpin loop is present at the 3′ region of the first nucleoside region.
31. The oligomeric compound according to item 29 or 30, wherein the hairpin loop comprises 4 or 5 linked nucleosides.
Particularly advantageous is a length of the first region of 19 nucleosides, of the second region of 14 nucleotides, and of the hairpin loop of five nucleotides, wherein the five nucleotides in the hairpin are the five 3′-terminal nucleosides of the first region. Such molecular architecture of a hairpin or mxRNA is also designated “14-5-14” herein.
32. The oligomeric compound according to any one of items 28 to 31, wherein the single strand has a nucleobase sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 792 to 803, preferably from SEQ ID NOs: 792, 793, 796, 800 and 803, most preferably from SEQ ID NOs: 796 and 803 particularly SEQ ID NO: 803.
33. The oligomeric compound according to item 32, wherein the single strand is selected from Table 3b, in particular from constructs A28(14-4)mF and A277(12-5_, A28(14-4)mF being especially advantageous.
34. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 33, which comprises internucleoside linkages and wherein at least one internucleoside linkage is a modified internucleoside linkage.
Specific modified internucleoside linkages are the subject of the embodiments which follow. Certain modified internucleoside linkages are known in the art and described in, for example, Hu et al., Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (2020)5:101.
35. The oligomeric compound according to item 34, wherein the modified internucleoside linkage is a phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkage.
36. The oligomeric compound according to item 35, which comprises 1 to 15 phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkages.
37. The oligomeric compound according to item 36, which comprises 7, 8, 9 or 10 phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkages.
38. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 35 to 37, as dependent on item 12, which comprises one or more phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkages at the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region.
39. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 35 to 38, as dependent on item 12, which comprises one or more phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkages at the 5′ region of the second nucleoside region.
40. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 35 to 39, as dependent on item 28, which comprises phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkages between at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five, adjacent nucleosides of the hairpin loop, dependent on the number of nucleotides present in the hairpin loop.
41. The oligomeric compound according to item 40, which comprises a phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate internucleoside linkage between each adjacent nucleoside that is present in the hairpin loop.
42. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 41, wherein at least one nucleoside comprises a modified sugar.
Preferred modified sugars are subject of the embodiments which follow. Certain modified sugars are known in the art and described in, for example, Hu et al., Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (2020)5:101.
43. The oligomeric compound according to item 42, wherein the modified sugar is selected from 2′ modified sugars, locked nucleic acid (LNA) sugar, (S)—constrained ethyl bicyclic nucleic acid sugar, tricyclo-DNA sugar, morpholino, unlocked nucleic acid (UNA) sugar, and glycol nucleic acid (GNA) sugar.
44. The oligomeric compound according to item 43, wherein the 2′ modified sugar is selected from 2′-O-methyl modified sugar, 2′-O-methoxyethyl modified sugar, 2′-F modified sugar, 2′-arabino-fluoro modified sugar, 2′-O-benzyl modified sugar, and 2′-O-methyl-4-pyridine modified sugar.
45. The oligomeric compound according to item 44, wherein at least one modified sugar is a 2′-O-methyl modified sugar.
46. The oligomeric compound according to item 44 or 45, wherein at least one modified sugar is a 2′-F modified sugar.
47. The oligomeric compound of item 45 or 46, wherein the sugar is ribose.
48. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 45 to 48, as dependent on item 12, wherein sugars of the nucleosides at any of positions 2 and 14 downstream from the first nucleoside of the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region, do not contain 2′-O-methyl modifications.
49. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 45 to 48, as dependent on item 12, wherein sugars of the nucleosides of the second nucleoside region, that correspond in position to any of the nucleosides of the first nucleoside region at any of positions 9 to 11 downstream from the first nucleotide of the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region, in particular from sequence A277(12-5) and A28(14-4)mF do not contain 2′-O-methyl modifications.
50. The oligomeric compound of any one of items 45 to 49, wherein the 3′ terminal position of the second nucleoside region does not contain a 2′-O-methyl modification.
51. The oligomeric compound according to item 49 or 50, wherein sugars of the nucleosides at any of positions 2 and 14 downstream from the first nucleoside of the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region, contain 2′-F modifications.
52. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 49 to 51, wherein sugars of the nucleosides of the second nucleoside region, that correspond in position to any of the nucleosides of the first nucleoside region at any of positions 9 to 11 downstream from the first nucleoside of the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region, contain 2′-F modifications.
53. The oligomeric compound of item 51 or 52, wherein the 3′ terminal position of the second nucleoside region contains a 2′-F modification.
54. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 47 to 53, as dependent on item 12, wherein one or more of the odd numbered nucleosides starting from the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region are modified, and/or wherein one or more of the even numbered nucleotides starting from the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region are modified, wherein typically the modification of the even numbered nucleotides is a second modification that is different from the modification of odd numbered nucleotides.
55. The oligomeric compound according to item 54, wherein one or more of the odd numbered nucleosides starting from the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region are modified by a modification that is different from the modification of odd numbered nucleosides of the first nucleoside region.
56. The oligomeric compound according to item 54 or 55, wherein one or more of the even numbered nucleosides starting from the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region are modified by a modification that is different from the modification of even numbered nucleosides of the first nucleoside region according to item 55.
57. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 56, wherein at least one or more of the modified even numbered nucleosides of the first nucleoside region is adjacent to at least one or more of the differently modified odd numbered nucleosides of the first nucleoside region.
58. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 57, wherein at least one or more of the modified even numbered nucleosides of the second nucleoside region is adjacent to at least one or more of the differently modified odd numbered nucleosides of the second nucleoside region.
59. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 58, wherein sugars of one or more of the odd numbered nucleosides starting from the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region are 2′-O-methyl modified sugars.
60. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 59, wherein one or more of the even numbered nucleosides starting from the 5′ region of the first nucleoside region are 2′-F modified sugars.
61. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 60, wherein sugars of one or more of the odd numbered nucleosides starting from the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region are 2′-F modified sugars.
62. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 61, wherein one or more of the even numbered nucleosides starting from the 3′ region of the second nucleoside region are 2′-O-methyl modified sugars.
63. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 42 to 62, wherein sugars of a plurality of adjacent nucleosides of the first nucleoside region are modified by a common modification.
64. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 42 to 63, wherein sugars of a plurality of adjacent nucleosides of the second nucleoside region are modified by a common modification.
65. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 54 to 64, as dependent on item 31, wherein sugars of a plurality of adjacent nucleosides of the hairpin loop are modified by a common modification.
66. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 63 to 65, wherein the common modification is a 2′-F modified sugar.
67. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 63 to 65, wherein the common modification is a 2′-O-methyl modified sugar.
68. The oligomeric compound according to item 67, wherein the plurality of adjacent 2′-O-methyl modified sugars are present in at least eight adjacent nucleosides of the first and/or second nucleoside regions.
69. The oligomeric compound according to item 67, wherein the plurality of adjacent 2′-O-methyl modified sugars are present in three or four adjacent nucleosides of the hairpin loop.
70. The oligomeric compound according to item 42, as dependent on item 29, wherein the hairpin loop comprises at least one nucleoside having a modified sugar.
71. The oligomeric compound according to item 70, wherein the at least one nucleoside is adjacent a nucleoside with a differently modified sugar.
72. The oligomeric compound according to item 71, wherein the modified sugar is a 2′-O-methyl modified sugar, and the differently modifies sugar is a 2′-F modified sugar.
73. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 72, which comprises one or more nucleosides having an un-modified sugar moiety.
74. The oligomeric compound according to item 73, wherein the unmodified sugar is present in the 5′ region of the second nucleoside region.
75. The oligomeric compound according to item 73 or 74, as dependent on item 29, wherein the unmodified sugar is present in the hairpin loop.
76. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 75, wherein one or more nucleosides of the first nucleoside region and/or the second nucleoside region is an inverted nucleoside and is attached to an adjacent nucleoside via the 3′ carbon of its sugar and the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the adjacent nucleoside, and/or one or more nucleosides of the first nucleoside region and/or the second nucleoside region is an inverted nucleoside and is attached to an adjacent nucleoside via the 5′ carbon of its sugar and the 5′ carbon of the sugar of the adjacent nucleoside.
77. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 76, which is blunt ended.
78. The oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 76, wherein either the first or second nucleoside region has an overhang.
79. The oligomeric compound according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the first region of linked nucleotides is selected from Table 1 b or Table 2b, preferably from the entries in Table 1 b which have a nucleobase sequence as defined in any one of item 3, 5 or 7.
80. The oligomeric compound according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the second region of linked nucleotides is selected from Table 1d or Table 2d, preferably from the entries in Table 1b which have a nucleobase sequence as defined in any one of items 4, 6 or 8.
81. A composition comprising an oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 80, and a physiologically acceptable excipient.
82. A pharmaceutical composition comprising an oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 80.
83. The pharmaceutical composition of item 82, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, diluent, antioxidant, and/or preservative.
84. The pharmaceutical composition of item 82 or 83, wherein the oligomeric compound is the only pharmaceutically active agent.
85. The pharmaceutical composition of item 84, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is to be administered to patients or individuals which are statin-intolerant and/or for whom statins are contraindicated.
86. The pharmaceutical composition of item 82 or 83, wherein the pharmaceutical composition furthermore comprises one or more further pharmaceutically active agents.
87. The pharmaceutical composition of item 86, wherein the further pharmaceutically active agent(s) is/are a further oligomeric compound which is directed to a target different from APOC3, preferably PCSK9; Vascepa; Vupanorsen; statins such as Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin; fibrates such fenofibrate; and/or LDL-cholesterol lowering compounds such as statins and ezetimibe.
88. The pharmaceutical composition of item 86 or 87, wherein the oligomeric compound and the further pharmaceutically active agent(s) are to be administered concomitantly or in any order.
89. An oligomeric compound according to any of item 1 to 80, for use in human or veterinary medicine or therapy.
90. An oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 80, for use in a method of treating, ameliorating and/or preventing a disease or disorder.
91. The compound for use of item 90, wherein the disease or disorder is an APOC3-associated disease or disorder, or a disease or disorder requiring reduction of APOC3 expression levels, the disease or disorder preferably being selected from dyslipidemia including mixed dyslipidemia; hyperchylomicronemia including familial hyperchylomicronemia; hypertriglyceridemia, preferably severe hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia with blood triglyceride levels above 500 mg/dl;
inflammation including low-grade inflammation; atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) such as myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease; and pancreatitis including acute pancreatitis.
92. A method of treating a disease or disorder comprising administration of an oligomeric compound according to any of item 1 to 80, to an individual in need of treatment.
93. The method according to item 92, wherein the oligomeric compound is administered subcutaneously or intravenously to the individual.
93. Use of an oligomeric compound according to any of item 1 to 80, for use in research as a gene function analysis tool.
94. Use of an oligomeric compound according to any of items 1 to 80 in the manufacture of a medicament for a treatment of a disease or disorder. The diseases and disorders are preferably the same as set forth under item 91 above.
Effects Achieved by the Oligomeric Compounds
Due to the use of the oligomeric compounds as described herein, a significant reduction of APOC3 mRNA, especially in vitro or in liver tissues consisting essentially of human hepatocytes, can be achieved as e.g. shown in the examples disclosed herein. In addition, a significant reduction of APCO3 proteins in the plasma level, e.g. of mice having a liver consisting essentially of human hepatocytes, can be achieved by using the oligomeric constructs as described herein. In particular these effects can last over an extended time period such as six weeks, e.g. in mice having a liver consisting essentially of human hepatocytes.
In addition, by using oligomeric compounds as described herein, significant degrees of reduction of triglyceride levels in the serum, in particular of mice having a liver essentially consisting of human hepatocytes, can be achieved, also over an extended period of time, such as six weeks. An unexpected and surprising finding is that, in addition to the reduction of triglycerides in the serum, in particular of the same mice, a significant reduction in the level of cholesterol in the serum is achieved at the same time over an extended time period, such as six weeks.
It has also been surprisingly found that, in certain embodiments, the aforementioned beneficial effects can be achieved by using oligomeric compounds as described herein in the form of shRNA constructs having a reduced number of fluorine substitutions, such as five fluorine substitutions in total, on the respective 2′ positions of their ribose units compared to conventional shRNA molecules having an alternating series of 2′-fluoro and 2′-O-methyl modifications.
Furthermore, it was surprisingly found that, in certain embodiments, the mentioned effects are achieved by using oligomeric compounds as described herein in the form of shRNA constructs as described herein having a reduced length of e.g. 29 linked nucleosides compared to conventional shRNA molecules. The same effects can also surprisingly be achieved for such constructs having a length of the sense strand of about 10 nucleosides.
The aforementioned effects can be achieved by using a dosage of about 10 mg/kg body weight to 30 mg/kg body weight, in particular with respect to mice.
Constructs of the Oligomeric Compounds
The following Tables show nucleobase sequences of antisense and sense strands of oligomeric compounds as described herein, and definitions of antisense and sense strands of modified oligomeric compounds (the notation including nucleobase sequence, sugar modifications, and, where applicable, modified phosphates).
The notation used is common in the art and as the following meaning:
A represents adenine;
U represents uracil;
C represents cytosine;
G represents guanine.
P represents a terminal phosphate group which is preferred but not indispensable;
m represents a methyl modification at the 2′ position of the sugar of the underlying nucleoside;
f represents a fluoro modification at the 2′ position of the sugar of the underlying nucleoside.
r indicates an unmodified (2′-OH) ribonucleotide;
(ps) or #represents a phosphorothioate inter-nucleoside linkage;
i represents an inverted inter-nucleoside linkage, which can be either 3′-3′, or 5′-5′;
vp represents vinyl phosphonate;
mvp represents methyl vinyl phosphonate;
3xGaINAc represents a trivalent GaINAc.
Sometimes, nucleosides are shown in square brackets for ease of reading. This notation does not indicate structural elements or modifications.
To the extent displayed, the presence of a 5′-terminal phosphate (“P”) is optional. Conversely, to the extent a 5′-terminal phosphate is not displayed, its presence is optional as well. Generally, there is no requirement for a 5′-terminal phosphate in compounds to be administered to mammalian cells, since a mammalian kinase adds a 5′-terminal phosphate in the case of its absence.
Furthermore when a notation like “A277(12-5)mF” is used, the term “A277” designates the sequence suitable for RNAi with APOC3, wherein the first number in the round brackets, i.e. 12 in the present case, designates the number of base pairs within a duplex region within a shRNA, and the second number in the round brackets, in this case 5, designates the number of nucleotides present in the hairpin loop of the shRNA. If there is no designation after the hyphen in the round brackets, it means that the loop consists of 5 nucleotides.
Tables 1a to 1d below show nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications of antisense and sense strands of the 376 constructs selected in accordance with the Examples. The above disclosed 30 preferred oligomeric compounds have been selected from these 376 constructs. The numbering in Table 1a coincides with the number of the corresponding entry in the sequence listing. For Table 1c the following applies: entry number in the sequence listing=entry number in the Table+400.
TABLE 1a
Nucleobase sequences of the antisense
strands of 376 exemplary constructs
SEQ ID
NO:
Nucleobase sequence
1
UUCUAGGGAUGAACUGAGC
2
UCUCUAGGGAUGAACUGAG
3
UCCUCUAGGGAUGAACUGA
4
UGCCUCUAGGGAUGAACUG
5
UUGCCUCUAGGGAUGAACU
6
UCUGCCUCUAGGGAUGAAC
7
UGCUGCCUCUAGGGAUGAA
8
UAGCUGCCUCUAGGGAUGA
9
UGCAGCUGCCUCUAGGGAU
10
UAGCAGCUGCCUCUAGGGA
11
UGAGCAGCUGCCUCUAGGG
12
UGGAGCAGCUGCCUCUAGG
13
UUGUUCCUGGAGCAGCUGC
14
UCUGUUCCUGGAGCAGCUG
15
UCCUCUGUUCCUGGAGCAG
16
UACCUCUGUUCCUGGAGCA
17
UCACCUCUGUUCCUGGAGC
18
UGCACCUCUGUUCCUGGAG
19
UGGCACCUCUGUUCCUGGA
20
UUGGCACCUCUGUUCCUGG
21
UAUGGCACCUCUGUUCCUG
22
UCAUGGCACCUCUGUUCCU
23
UUGCAUGGCACCUCUGUUC
24
UCUGCAUGGCACCUCUGUU
25
UGCUGCAUGGCACCUCUGU
26
UGGCUGCAUGGCACCUCUG
27
UGGGCUGCAUGGCACCUCU
28
UCAACAAGGAGUACCCGGG
29
UACAACAAGGAGUACCCGG
30
UAACAACAAGGAGUACCCG
31
UCAACAACAAGGAGUACCC
32
UGCAACAACAAGGAGUACC
33
UGGCAACAACAAGGAGUAC
34
UGGGCAACAACAAGGAGUA
35
UAGGGCAACAACAAGGAGU
36
UGAGGGCAACAACAAGGAG
37
UGGAGGGCAACAACAAGGA
38
UAGGAGGGCAACAACAAGG
39
UCAGGAGGGCAACAACAAG
40
UCCAGGAGGGCAACAACAA
41
UGCCAGGAGGGCAACAACA
42
UCGCCAGGAGGGCAACAAC
43
UGCGCCAGGAGGGCAACAA
44
UAGCGCCAGGAGGGCAACA
45
UGAGCGCCAGGAGGGCAAC
46
UGGAGCGCCAGGAGGGCAA
47
UAGGAGCGCCAGGAGGGCA
48
UGCCAGGAGCGCCAGGAGG
49
UAGAGGCCAGGAGCGCCAG
50
UCAGAGGCCAGGAGCGCCA
51
UGCAGAGGCCAGGAGCGCC
52
UGGCAGAGGCCAGGAGCGC
53
UGGGCAGAGGCCAGGAGCG
54
UUCGGGCAGAGGCCAGGAG
55
UCUCGGGCAGAGGCCAGGA
56
UGCUCGGGCAGAGGCCAGG
57
UAGCUCGGGCAGAGGCCAG
58
UAAGCUCGGGCAGAGGCCA
59
UGAAGCUCGGGCAGAGGCC
60
UUGAAGCUCGGGCAGAGGC
61
UCUGAAGCUCGGGCAGAGG
62
UUCUGAAGCUCGGGCAGAG
63
UCUCUGAAGCUCGGGCAGA
64
UCCUCUGAAGCUCGGGCAG
65
UGCCUCUGAAGCUCGGGCA
66
UGGCCUCUGAAGCUCGGGC
67
UCGGCCUCUGAAGCUCGGG
68
UUCGGCCUCUGAAGCUCGG
69
UCUCGGCCUCUGAAGCUCG
70
UCCUCGGCCUCUGAAGCUC
71
UUCCUCGGCCUCUGAAGCU
72
UAUCCUCGGCCUCUGAAGC
73
UCAUCCUCGGCCUCUGAAG
74
UGCAUCCUCGGCCUCUGAA
75
UGGCAUCCUCGGCCUCUGA
76
UAGGCAUCCUCGGCCUCUG
77
UGAGGCAUCCUCGGCCUCU
78
UGGAGGCAUCCUCGGCCUC
79
UGGGAGGCAUCCUCGGCCU
80
UAGGGAGGCAUCCUCGGCC
81
UAAGGGAGGCAUCCUCGGC
82
UGAAGGGAGGCAUCCUCGG
83
UAGAAGGGAGGCAUCCUCG
84
UGAGAAGGGAGGCAUCCUC
85
UUGAGAAGGGAGGCAUCCU
86
UCUGAGAAGGGAGGCAUCC
87
UGCUGAGAAGGGAGGCAUC
88
UAGCUGAGAAGGGAGGCAU
89
UUGAAGCUGAGAAGGGAGG
90
UAUGAAGCUGAGAAGGGAG
91
UCAUGAAGCUGAGAAGGGA
92
UGCAUGAAGCUGAGAAGGG
93
UUGCAUGAAGCUGAGAAGG
94
UCUGCAUGAAGCUGAGAAG
95
UCCUGCAUGAAGCUGAGAA
96
UCCCUGCAUGAAGCUGAGA
97
UACCCUGCAUGAAGCUGAG
98
UAACCCUGCAUGAAGCUGA
99
UUAACCCUGCAUGAAGCUG
100
UGUAACCCUGCAUGAAGCU
101
UUGUAACCCUGCAUGAAGC
102
UAUGUAACCCUGCAUGAAG
103
UCAUGUAACCCUGCAUGAA
104
UUCAUGUAACCCUGCAUGA
105
UUUCAUGUAACCCUGCAUG
106
UCUUCAUGUAACCCUGCAU
107
UGCUUCAUGUAACCCUGCA
108
UUGCUUCAUGUAACCCUGC
109
UGUGCUUCAUGUAACCCUG
110
UCGUGCUUCAUGUAACCCU
111
UGCGUGCUUCAUGUAACCC
112
UGGCGUGCUUCAUGUAACC
113
UUGGCGUGCUUCAUGUAAC
114
UGUGGCGUGCUUCAUGUAA
115
UGGUGGCGUGCUUCAUGUA
116
UUGGUGGCGUGCUUCAUGU
117
UUUGGUGGCGUGCUUCAUG
118
UCUUGGUGGCGUGCUUCAU
119
UUCUUGGUGGCGUGCUUCA
120
UGUCUUGGUGGCGUGCUUC
121
UGGUCUUGGUGGCGUGCUU
122
UCGGUCUUGGUGGCGUGCU
123
UGCGGUCUUGGUGGCGUGC
124
UGGCGGUCUUGGUGGCGUG
125
UUGGCGGUCUUGGUGGCGU
126
UUUGGCGGUCUUGGUGGCG
127
UCUUGGCGGUCUUGGUGGC
128
UCCUUGGCGGUCUUGGUGG
129
UUCCUUGGCGGUCUUGGUG
130
UAUCCUUGGCGGUCUUGGU
131
UCAUCCUUGGCGGUCUUGG
132
UGCAUCCUUGGCGGUCUUG
133
UUGCAUCCUUGGCGGUCUU
134
UGUGCAUCCUUGGCGGUCU
135
UAGUGCAUCCUUGGCGGUC
136
UCAGUGCAUCCUUGGCGGU
137
UUCAGUGCAUCCUUGGCGG
138
UCUCAGUGCAUCCUUGGCG
139
UGCUCAGUGCAUCCUUGGC
140
UUGCUCAGUGCAUCCUUGG
141
UCUGCUCAGUGCAUCCUUG
142
UGCUGCUCAGUGCAUCCUU
143
UCGCUGCUCAGUGCAUCCU
144
UACGCUGCUCAGUGCAUCC
145
UCACGCUGCUCAGUGCAUC
146
UGCACGCUGCUCAGUGCAU
147
UUGCACGCUGCUCAGUGCA
148
UCUGCACGCUGCUCAGUGC
149
UCCUGCACGCUGCUCAGUG
150
UUCCUGCACGCUGCUCAGU
151
UACUCCUGCACGCUGCUCA
152
UGGGACUCCUGCACGCUGC
153
UUGGGACUCCUGCACGCUG
154
UCUGGGACUCCUGCACGCU
155
UCCUGGGACUCCUGCACGC
156
UACCUGGGACUCCUGCACG
157
UCACCUGGGACUCCUGCAC
158
UCCACCUGGGACUCCUGCA
159
UGGGCCACCUGGGACUCCU
160
UUGGGCCACCUGGGACUCC
161
UUGCUGGGCCACCUGGGAC
162
UCUGCUGGGCCACCUGGGA
163
UGGCCUGCUGGGCCACCUG
164
UCCUGGCCUGCUGGGCCAC
165
UCCAUCGGUCACCCAGCCC
166
UGCCAUCGGUCACCCAGCC
167
UAGCCAUCGGUCACCCAGC
168
UAAGCCAUCGGUCACCCAG
169
UGAAGCCAUCGGUCACCCA
170
UUGAAGCCAUCGGUCACCC
171
UCUGAAGCCAUCGGUCACC
172
UACUGAAGCCAUCGGUCAC
173
UAACUGAAGCCAUCGGUCA
174
UGAACUGAAGCCAUCGGUC
175
UGGAACUGAAGCCAUCGGU
176
UGGGAACUGAAGCCAUCGG
177
UAGGGAACUGAAGCCAUCG
178
UCAGGGAACUGAAGCCAUC
179
UUCAGGGAACUGAAGCCAU
180
UUUCAGGGAACUGAAGCCA
181
UUUUCAGGGAACUGAAGCC
182
UCUUUCAGGGAACUGAAGC
183
UUCUUUCAGGGAACUGAAG
184
UGUCUUUCAGGGAACUGAA
185
UAGUCUUUCAGGGAACUGA
186
UUAGUCUUUCAGGGAACUG
187
UGUAGUCUUUCAGGGAACU
188
UAGUAGUCUUUCAGGGAAC
189
UCAGUAGUCUUUCAGGGAA
190
UCCAGUAGUCUUUCAGGGA
191
UUCCAGUAGUCUUUCAGGG
192
UCUCCAGUAGUCUUUCAGG
193
UGCUCCAGUAGUCUUUCAG
194
UUGCUCCAGUAGUCUUUCA
195
UGUGCUCCAGUAGUCUUUC
196
UGGUGCUCCAGUAGUCUUU
197
UCGGUGCUCCAGUAGUCUU
198
UACGGUGCUCCAGUAGUCU
199
UAACGGUGCUCCAGUAGUC
200
UUAACGGUGCUCCAGUAGU
201
UUUAACGGUGCUCCAGUAG
202
UCUUAACGGUGCUCCAGUA
203
UCCUUAACGGUGCUCCAGU
204
UUCCUUAACGGUGCUCCAG
205
UGUCCUUAACGGUGCUCCA
206
UUGUCCUUAACGGUGCUCC
207
UUUGUCCUUAACGGUGCUC
208
UCUUGUCCUUAACGGUGCU
209
UACUUGUCCUUAACGGUGC
210
UAACUUGUCCUUAACGGUG
211
UGAACUUGUCCUUAACGGU
212
UAGAACUUGUCCUUAACGG
213
UGAGAACUUGUCCUUAACG
214
UAGAGAACUUGUCCUUAAC
215
UCAGAGAACUUGUCCUUAA
216
UUCAGAGAACUUGUCCUUA
217
UCUCAGAGAACUUGUCCUU
218
UACUCAGAGAACUUGUCCU
219
UAACUCAGAGAACUUGUCC
220
UGAACUCAGAGAACUUGUC
221
UCAGAACUCAGAGAACUUG
222
UCCAGAACUCAGAGAACUU
223
UCCCAGAACUCAGAGAACU
224
UUCCCAGAACUCAGAGAAC
225
UAUCCCAGAACUCAGAGAA
226
UAAUCCCAGAACUCAGAGA
227
UAAAUCCCAGAACUCAGAG
228
UCAAAUCCCAGAACUCAGA
229
UCCAAAUCCCAGAACUCAG
230
UUCCAAAUCCCAGAACUCA
231
UGUCCAAAUCCCAGAACUC
232
UGGUCCAAAUCCCAGAACU
233
UGGGUCCAAAUCCCAGAAC
234
UAGGGUCCAAAUCCCAGAA
235
UCAGGGUCCAAAUCCCAGA
236
UUCAGGGUCCAAAUCCCAG
237
UGACCUCAGGGUCCAAAUC
238
UUGACCUCAGGGUCCAAAU
239
UCUGACCUCAGGGUCCAAA
240
UUCUGACCUCAGGGUCCAA
241
UGUCUGACCUCAGGGUCCA
242
UGGUCUGACCUCAGGGUCC
243
UUGGUCUGACCUCAGGGUC
244
UUUGGUCUGACCUCAGGGU
245
UGUUGGUCUGACCUCAGGG
246
UAGUUGGUCUGACCUCAGG
247
UAAGUUGGUCUGACCUCAG
248
UGAAGUUGGUCUGACCUCA
249
UUGAAGUUGGUCUGACCUC
250
UCUGAAGUUGGUCUGACCU
251
UGGCUGAAGUUGGUCUGAC
252
UCGGCUGAAGUUGGUCUGA
253
UACGGCUGAAGUUGGUCUG
254
UCACGGCUGAAGUUGGUCU
255
UCCACGGCUGAAGUUGGUC
256
UGCCACGGCUGAAGUUGGU
257
UCAGCCACGGCUGAAGUUG
258
UGCAGCCACGGCUGAAGUU
259
UGGCAGCCACGGCUGAAGU
260
UAGGCAGCCACGGCUGAAG
261
UCAGGCAGCCACGGCUGAA
262
UUCUCAGGCAGCCACGGCU
263
UGUCUCAGGCAGCCACGGC
264
UGGUCUCAGGCAGCCACGG
265
UAGGUCUCAGGCAGCCACG
266
UUGAGGUCUCAGGCAGCCA
267
UUUGAGGUCUCAGGCAGCC
268
UAUUGAGGUCUCAGGCAGC
269
UUAUUGAGGUCUCAGGCAG
270
UGUAUUGAGGUCUCAGGCA
271
UGGUAUUGAGGUCUCAGGC
272
UGGGUAUUGAGGUCUCAGG
273
UUAGGCAGGUGGACUUGGG
274
UAUAGGCAGGUGGACUUGG
275
UGAUAGGCAGGUGGACUUG
276
UGGAUAGGCAGGUGGACUU
277
UUGGAUAGGCAGGUGGACU
278
UAUGGAUAGGCAGGUGGAC
279
UGAUGGAUAGGCAGGUGGA
280
UGGAUGGAUAGGCAGGUGG
281
UAGGAUGGAUAGGCAGGUG
282
UCAGGAUGGAUAGGCAGGU
283
UGCAGGAUGGAUAGGCAGG
284
UCGCAGGAUGGAUAGGCAG
285
UUCGCAGGAUGGAUAGGCA
286
UCUCGCAGGAUGGAUAGGC
287
UGCUCGCAGGAUGGAUAGG
288
UAGCUCGCAGGAUGGAUAG
289
UGAGCUCGCAGGAUGGAUA
290
UGGAGCUCGCAGGAUGGAU
291
UAGGAGCUCGCAGGAUGGA
292
UAAGGAGCUCGCAGGAUGG
293
UCAAGGAGCUCGCAGGAUG
294
UCCAAGGAGCUCGCAGGAU
295
UCCCAAGGAGCUCGCAGGA
296
UACCCAAGGAGCUCGCAGG
297
UGACCCAAGGAGCUCGCAG
298
UGGACCCAAGGAGCUCGCA
299
UAGGACCCAAGGAGCUCGC
300
UCAGGACCCAAGGAGCUCG
301
UGCAGGACCCAAGGAGCUC
302
UUGCAGGACCCAAGGAGCU
303
UUUGCAGGACCCAAGGAGC
304
UAUUGCAGGACCCAAGGAG
305
UGAUUGCAGGACCCAAGGA
306
UAGAUUGCAGGACCCAAGG
307
UGAGAUUGCAGGACCCAAG
308
UGGAGAUUGCAGGACCCAA
309
UUGGAGAUUGCAGGACCCA
310
UCUGGAGAUUGCAGGACCC
311
UCCUGGAGAUUGCAGGACC
312
UCCCUGGAGAUUGCAGGAC
313
UGCCCUGGAGAUUGCAGGA
314
UAGCCCUGGAGAUUGCAGG
315
UCAGCCCUGGAGAUUGCAG
316
UGCAGCCCUGGAGAUUGCA
317
UGGCAGCCCUGGAGAUUGC
318
UGGGCAGCCCUGGAGAUUG
319
UUUUAAGCAACCUACAGGG
320
UUUUUAAGCAACCUACAGG
321
UCUUUUAAGCAACCUACAG
322
UCCUUUUAAGCAACCUACA
323
UCCCUUUUAAGCAACCUAC
324
UUCCCUUUUAAGCAACCUA
325
UGUCCCUUUUAAGCAACCU
326
UACUGUCCCUUUUAAGCAA
327
UUACUGUCCCUUUUAAGCA
328
UAUACUGUCCCUUUUAAGC
329
UAAUACUGUCCCUUUUAAG
330
UGAAUACUGUCCCUUUUAA
331
UAGAAUACUGUCCCUUUUA
332
UGAGAAUACUGUCCCUUUU
333
UUGAGAAUACUGUCCCUUU
334
UCUGAGAAUACUGUCCCUU
335
UACUGAGAAUACUGUCCCU
336
UCACUGAGAAUACUGUCCC
337
UGCACUGAGAAUACUGUCC
338
UAGCACUGAGAAUACUGUC
339
UGAGCACUGAGAAUACUGU
340
UAGAGCACUGAGAAUACUG
341
UGAGAGCACUGAGAAUACU
342
UGGAGAGCACUGAGAAUAC
343
UAGGAGAGCACUGAGAAUA
344
UUAGGAGAGCACUGAGAAU
345
UGUAGGAGAGCACUGAGAA
346
UGGUAGGAGAGCACUGAGA
347
UGGGUAGGAGAGCACUGAG
348
UGGCCAGGCAUGAGGUGGG
349
UGGGCCAGGCAUGAGGUGG
350
UGCCAGCAUGCCUGGAGGG
351
UGGCCAGCAUGCCUGGAGG
352
UAGGCCAGCAUGCCUGGAG
353
UGAGGCCAGCAUGCCUGGA
354
UGGAGGCCAGCAUGCCUGG
355
UGGGAGGCCAGCAUGCCUG
356
UUGGGAGGCCAGCAUGCCU
357
UAUUGGGAGGCCAGCAUGC
358
UUAUUGGGAGGCCAGCAUG
359
UUUAUUGGGAGGCCAGCAU
360
UUUUAUUGGGAGGCCAGCA
361
UCUUUAUUGGGAGGCCAGC
362
UGCUUUAUUGGGAGGCCAG
363
UAGCUUUAUUGGGAGGCCA
364
UCAGCUUUAUUGGGAGGCC
365
UCCAGCUUUAUUGGGAGGC
366
UUCCAGCUUUAUUGGGAGG
367
UGUCCAGCUUUAUUGGGAG
368
UUUGUCCAGCUUUAUUGGG
369
UCUUGUCCAGCUUUAUUGG
370
UUCUUGUCCAGCUUUAUUG
371
UUUCUUGUCCAGCUUUAUU
372
UCUUCUUGUCCAGCUUUAU
373
UGCUUCUUGUCCAGCUUUA
374
UGCAGCUUCUUGUCCAGCU
375
UUAGCAGCUUCUUGUCCAG
376
UAUAGCAGCUUCUUGUCCA
TABLE 1b
Nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone
modifications of the antisense strands of 376 exemplary constructs:
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
Oligo Sequence (5′ to 3′) and backbone modifications
1
804
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mC
2
805
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG
3
806
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA
4
807
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG
5
808
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU
6
809
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mC
7
810
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA
8
811
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mA
9
812
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mU
10
813
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA
11
814
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA•mG•fG•mG
12
815
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mA•fG•mG
13
816
PmU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC
14
817
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG
15
818
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fU•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mG
16
819
PmU•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA
17
820
PmU•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fU•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC
18
821
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG
19
822
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fU•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA
20
823
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG
21
824
PmU•fA•mU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fU•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG
22
825
PmU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC•fC•mU
23
826
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU•fU•mC
24
827
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fU•mU
25
828
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mU
26
829
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG
27
830
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU
28
831
PmU•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fU•mA•fC•mC•fC•mG•fG•mG
29
832
PmU•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mU•fA•mC•fC•mC•fG•mG
30
833
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fU•mA•fC•mC•fC•mG
31
834
PmU•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mU•fA•mC•fC•mC
32
835
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fU•mA•fC•mC
33
836
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mU•fA•mC
34
837
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fU•mA
35
838
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mU
36
839
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG
37
840
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA
38
841
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG
39
842
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG
40
843
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA
41
844
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA
42
845
PmU•fC•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA•mC
43
846
PmU•fG•mC•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fA•mA
44
847
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mA
45
848
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mC•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC
46
849
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mA
47
850
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA
48
851
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG
49
852
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG
50
853
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fG•mC•fC•mA
51
854
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mG•fC•mC
52
855
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fG•mC
53
856
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mG
54
857
PmU•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG
55
858
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA
56
859
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG
57
860
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG
58
861
PmU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA
59
862
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC
60
863
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC
61
864
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG
62
865
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG
63
866
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mA
64
867
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG
65
868
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG•fC•mA
66
869
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fG•mC
67
870
PmU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mG
68
871
PmU•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG
69
872
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG
70
873
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC
71
874
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU
72
875
PmU•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC
73
876
PmU•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG
74
877
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA
75
878
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA
76
879
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG
77
880
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU
78
881
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC
79
882
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU
80
883
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG•fC•mC
81
884
PmU•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG•fG•mC
82
885
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC•fG•mG
83
886
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fC•mG
84
887
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mC
85
888
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU
86
889
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC
87
890
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC
88
891
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU
89
892
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG
90
893
PmU•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG
91
894
PmU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA
92
895
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fG•mG
93
896
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mG
94
897
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG
95
898
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA
96
899
PmU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA
97
900
PmU•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG
98
901
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA
99
902
PmU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG
100
903
PmU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU
101
904
PmU•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC
102
905
PmU•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG
103
906
PmU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mA
104
907
PmU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA
105
908
PmU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG
106
909
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•G•mC•fA•mU
107
910
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA
108
911
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC
109
912
PmU•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG
110
913
PmU•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC•fC•mU
111
914
PmU•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC•fC•mC
112
915
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA•fC•mC
113
916
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA•fA•mC
114
917
PmU•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU•fA•mA
115
918
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG•fU•mA
116
919
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fG•mU
117
920
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mG
118
921
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU
119
922
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mA
120
923
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC
121
924
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mU
122
925
PmU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU
123
926
PmU•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU•fG•mC
124
927
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fU•mG
125
928
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mU
126
929
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG
127
930
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC
128
931
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG
129
932
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mG
130
933
PmU•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU
131
934
PmU•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG
132
935
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG
133
936
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU
134
937
PmU•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU
135
938
PmU•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC
136
939
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fG•mU
137
940
PmU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mG
138
941
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG
139
942
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mC
140
943
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG
141
944
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG
142
945
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU
143
946
PmU•fC•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mU
144
947
PmU•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC
145
948
PmU•fC•mA•fC•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA•fU•mC
146
949
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA•mU
147
950
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fC•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG•fC•mA
148
951
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC
149
952
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fC•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fU•mG
150
953
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU
151
954
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mA
152
955
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fC•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC
153
956
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC•fU•mG
154
957
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fC•mG•fC•mU
155
958
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fG•mC
156
959
PmU•fA•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fC•mG
157
960
PmU•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mC
158
961
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA
159
962
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU
160
963
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC
161
964
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mC
162
965
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA
163
966
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mC•fU•mG
164
967
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC
165
968
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mC
166
969
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC
167
970
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC
168
971
PmU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG
169
972
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA
170
973
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fA•mC•fC•mC
171
974
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mA•fC•mC
172
975
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC•fA•mC
173
976
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fC•mA
174
977
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG•fU•mC
175
978
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG•fG•mU
176
979
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC•fG•mG
177
980
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fC•mG
178
981
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mC
179
982
PmU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU
180
983
PmU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA
181
984
PmU•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mC
182
985
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC
183
986
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG
184
987
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA
185
988
PmU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA
186
989
PmU•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mG
187
990
PmU•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU
188
991
PmU•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC
189
992
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fA•mA
190
993
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mA
191
994
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG
192
995
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG
193
996
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC•fA•mG
194
997
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fC•mA
195
998
PmU•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU•fU•mC
196
999
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU•fU•mU
197
1000
PmU•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC•fU•mU
198
1001
PmU•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU•fC•mU
199
1002
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG•fU•mC
200
1003
PmU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA•fG•mU
201
1004
PmU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU•fA•mG
202
1005
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fU•mA
203
1006
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mU
204
1007
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG
205
1008
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA
206
1009
PmU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC
207
1010
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC
208
1011
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mU
209
1012
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC
210
1013
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG•fU•mG
211
1014
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG•fG•mU
212
1015
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC•fG•mG
213
1016
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA•fC•mG
214
1017
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA•fA•mC
215
1018
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA•mA
216
1019
PmU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mA
217
1020
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU
218
1021
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU
219
1022
PmU•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC
220
1023
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC
221
1024
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG
222
1025
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mU
223
1026
PmU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU
224
1027
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC
225
1028
PmU•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA
226
1029
PmU•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mA
227
1030
PmU•fA•mA•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG
228
1031
PmU•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mA
229
1032
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG
230
1033
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU•fC•mA
231
1034
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC•fU•mC
232
1035
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA•fC•mU
233
1036
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA•fA•mC
234
1037
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG•fA•mA
235
1038
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fG•mA
236
1039
PmU•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mG
237
1040
PmU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA•fU•mC
238
1041
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fA•mU
239
1042
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fA•mA
240
1043
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mA
241
1044
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA
242
1045
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC
243
1046
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC
244
1047
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fG•mU
245
1048
PmU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG
246
1049
PmU•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG
247
1050
PmU•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG
248
1051
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU•fC•mA
249
1052
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fU•mC
250
1053
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC•fC•mU
251
1054
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA•mC
252
1055
PmU•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fG•mA
253
1056
PmU•fA•mC•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mG
254
1057
PmU•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU
255
1058
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mC•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU•fG•mG•fU•mC
256
1059
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG•fG•mU
257
1060
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU•fU•mG
258
1061
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG•fU•mU
259
1062
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA•fG•mU
260
1063
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fG•mG•fC•mU•fG•mA•fA•mG
261
1064
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA•mA
262
1065
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fG•mG•fC•mU
263
1066
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG•fG•mC
264
1067
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA•mC•fG•mG
265
1068
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA•fC•mG
266
1069
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mA
267
1070
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC
268
1071
PmU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC
269
1072
PmU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG
270
1073
PmU•fG•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA
271
1074
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mC•fU•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC
272
1075
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mG
273
1076
PmU•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG
274
1077
PmU•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG
275
1078
PmU•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU•fU•mG
276
1079
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fU•mU
277
1080
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mU
278
1081
PmU•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC
279
1082
PmU•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mA
280
1083
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG
281
1084
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG
282
1085
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mU
283
1086
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG
284
1087
PmU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG
285
1088
PmU•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA
286
1089
PmU•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG•fG•mC
287
1090
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA•fG•mG
288
1091
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU•fA•mG
289
1092
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA•fU•mA
290
1093
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG•fA•mU
291
1094
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG•fG•mA
292
1095
PmU•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU•fG•mG
293
1096
PmU•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fU•mG
294
1097
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mU
295
1098
PmU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA
296
1099
PmU•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG
297
1100
PmU•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC•fA•mG
298
1101
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG•fC•mA
299
1102
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fG•mC
300
1103
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mG
301
1104
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC
302
1105
PmU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU
303
1106
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mC
304
1107
PmU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG
305
1108
PmU•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG•fG•mA
306
1109
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fG•mG
307
1110
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mG
308
1111
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA
309
1112
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC•fC•mA
310
1113
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC•fC•mC
311
1114
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fC•mC
312
1115
PmU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mC
313
1116
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA
314
1117
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mG
315
1118
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG
316
1119
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG•fC•mA
317
1120
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fU•mU•fG•mC
318
1121
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mU•fU•mG
319
1122
PmU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fC•mU•fA•mC•fA•mG•fG•mG
320
1123
PmU•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mC•fU•mA•fC•mA•fG•mG
321
1124
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fC•mU•fA•mC•fA•mG
322
1125
PmU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mC•fU•mA•fC•mA
323
1126
PmU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fC•mU•fA•mC
324
1127
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA•mA•fC•mC•fU•mA
325
1128
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG•fC•mA•fA•mC•fC•mU
326
1129
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA•mA
327
1130
PmU•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG•fC•mA
328
1131
PmU•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA•fG•mC
329
1132
PmU•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fA•mG
330
1133
PmU•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU•fA•mA
331
1134
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU•fU•mA
332
1135
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU•fU•mU
333
1136
PmU•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fU•mU
334
1137
PmU•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mU
335
1138
PmU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU
336
1139
PmU•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mC
337
1140
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC
338
1141
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG•fU•mC
339
1142
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU•fG•mU
340
1143
PmU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC•fU•mG
341
1144
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA•fC•mU
342
1145
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU•fA•mC
343
1146
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA•fU•mA
344
1147
PmU•fU•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA•fA•mU
345
1148
PmU•fG•mU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG•fA•mA
346
1149
PmU•fG•mG•fU•mA•fG•mG•fA•mG•fA•mG•fC•mA•fC•mU•fG•mA•fG•mA
347
1150
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fA•mG•fG•mA•fG•mA•fG•mC•fA•mC•fU•mG•fA•mG
348
1151
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fG•mG
349
1152
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mG
350
1153
PmU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mG
351
1154
PmU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG
352
1155
PmU•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mG
353
1156
PmU•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA
354
1157
PmU•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG
355
1158
PmU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mG
356
1159
PmU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fC•mU
357
1160
PmU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC
358
1161
PmU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mA•fU•mG
359
1162
PmU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA•mU
360
1163
PmU•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mA
361
1164
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC
362
1165
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC•fA•mG
363
1166
PmU•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fC•mA
364
1167
PmU•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mC
365
1168
PmU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC
366
1169
PmU•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mA•fG•mG
367
1170
PmU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA•mG
368
1171
PmU•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG
369
1172
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU•fG•mG
370
1173
PmU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU•fU•mG
371
1174
PmU•fU•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA•fU•mU
372
1175
PmU•fC•mU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mU•fA•mU
373
1176
PmU•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fU•mA
374
1177
PmU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU
375
1178
PmU•fU•mA•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fU•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG
376
1179
PmU•fA•mU•fA•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mU•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mC•fC•mA
TABLE 1c
Nucleobase sequences of the sense
strands of 376 exemplary constructs
SEQ ID
#
NO:
Nucleobase sequence
1
401
AGUUCAUCCCUAGAA
2
402
GUUCAUCCCUAGAGA
3
403
UUCAUCCCUAGAGGA
4
404
UCAUCCCUAGAGGCA
5
405
CAUCCCUAGAGGCAA
6
406
AUCCCUAGAGGCAGA
7
407
UCCCUAGAGGCAGCA
8
408
CCCUAGAGGCAGCUA
9
409
CUAGAGGCAGCUGCA
10
410
UAGAGGCAGCUGCUA
11
411
AGAGGCAGCUGCUCA
12
412
GAGGCAGCUGCUCCA
13
413
CUGCUCCAGGAACAA
14
414
UGCUCCAGGAACAGA
15
415
UCCAGGAACAGAGGA
16
416
CCAGGAACAGAGGUA
17
417
CAGGAACAGAGGUGA
18
418
AGGAACAGAGGUGCA
19
419
GGAACAGAGGUGCCA
20
420
GAACAGAGGUGCCAA
21
421
AACAGAGGUGCCAUA
22
422
ACAGAGGUGCCAUGA
23
423
AGAGGUGCCAUGCAA
24
424
GAGGUGCCAUGCAGA
25
425
AGGUGCCAUGCAGCA
26
426
GGUGCCAUGCAGCCA
27
427
GUGCCAUGCAGCCCA
28
428
GGUACUCCUUGUUGA
29
429
GUACUCCUUGUUGUA
30
430
UACUCCUUGUUGUUA
31
431
ACUCCUUGUUGUUGA
32
432
CUCCUUGUUGUUGCA
33
433
UCCUUGUUGUUGCCA
34
434
CCUUGUUGUUGCCCA
35
435
CUUGUUGUUGCCCUA
36
436
UUGUUGUUGCCCUCA
37
437
UGUUGUUGCCCUCCA
38
438
GUUGUUGCCCUCCUA
39
439
UUGUUGCCCUCCUGA
40
440
UGUUGCCCUCCUGGA
41
441
GUUGCCCUCCUGGCA
42
442
UUGCCCUCCUGGCGA
43
443
UGCCCUCCUGGCGCA
44
444
GCCCUCCUGGCGCUA
45
445
CCCUCCUGGCGCUCA
46
446
CCUCCUGGCGCUCCA
47
447
CUCCUGGCGCUCCUA
48
448
CUGGCGCUCCUGGCA
49
449
CGCUCCUGGCCUCUA
50
450
GCUCCUGGCCUCUGA
51
451
CUCCUGGCCUCUGCA
52
452
UCCUGGCCUCUGCCA
53
453
CCUGGCCUCUGCCCA
54
454
UGGCCUCUGCCCGAA
55
455
GGCCUCUGCCCGAGA
56
456
GCCUCUGCCCGAGCA
57
457
CCUCUGCCCGAGCUA
58
458
CUCUGCCCGAGCUUA
59
459
UCUGCCCGAGCUUCA
60
460
CUGCCCGAGCUUCAA
61
461
UGCCCGAGCUUCAGA
62
462
GCCCGAGCUUCAGAA
63
463
CCCGAGCUUCAGAGA
64
464
CCGAGCUUCAGAGGA
65
465
CGAGCUUCAGAGGCA
66
466
GAGCUUCAGAGGCCA
67
467
AGCUUCAGAGGCCGA
68
468
GCUUCAGAGGCCGAA
69
469
CUUCAGAGGCCGAGA
70
470
UUCAGAGGCCGAGGA
71
471
UCAGAGGCCGAGGAA
72
472
CAGAGGCCGAGGAUA
73
473
AGAGGCCGAGGAUGA
74
474
GAGGCCGAGGAUGCA
75
475
AGGCCGAGGAUGCCA
76
476
GGCCGAGGAUGCCUA
77
477
GCCGAGGAUGCCUCA
78
478
CCGAGGAUGCCUCCA
79
479
CGAGGAUGCCUCCCA
80
480
GAGGAUGCCUCCCUA
81
481
AGGAUGCCUCCCUUA
82
482
GGAUGCCUCCCUUCA
83
483
GAUGCCUCCCUUCUA
84
484
AUGCCUCCCUUCUCA
85
485
UGCCUCCCUUCUCAA
86
486
GCCUCCCUUCUCAGA
87
487
CCUCCCUUCUCAGCA
88
488
CUCCCUUCUCAGCUA
89
489
CCUUCUCAGCUUCAA
90
490
CUUCUCAGCUUCAUA
91
491
UUCUCAGCUUCAUGA
92
492
UCUCAGCUUCAUGCA
93
493
CUCAGCUUCAUGCAA
94
494
UCAGCUUCAUGCAGA
95
495
CAGCUUCAUGCAGGA
96
496
AGCUUCAUGCAGGGA
97
497
GCUUCAUGCAGGGUA
98
498
CUUCAUGCAGGGUUA
99
499
UUCAUGCAGGGUUAA
100
500
UCAUGCAGGGUUACA
101
501
CAUGCAGGGUUACAA
102
502
AUGCAGGGUUACAUA
103
503
UGCAGGGUUACAUGA
104
504
GCAGGGUUACAUGAA
105
505
CAGGGUUACAUGAAA
106
506
AGGGUUACAUGAAGA
107
507
GGGUUACAUGAAGCA
108
508
GGUUACAUGAAGCAA
109
509
GUUACAUGAAGCACA
110
510
UUACAUGAAGCACGA
111
511
UACAUGAAGCACGCA
112
512
ACAUGAAGCACGCCA
113
513
CAUGAAGCACGCCAA
114
514
AUGAAGCACGCCACA
115
515
UGAAGCACGCCACCA
116
516
GAAGCACGCCACCAA
117
517
AAGCACGCCACCAAA
118
518
AGCACGCCACCAAGA
119
519
GCACGCCACCAAGAA
120
520
CACGCCACCAAGACA
121
521
ACGCCACCAAGACCA
122
522
CGCCACCAAGACCGA
123
523
GCCACCAAGACCGCA
124
524
CCACCAAGACCGCCA
125
525
CACCAAGACCGCCAA
126
526
ACCAAGACCGCCAAA
127
527
CCAAGACCGCCAAGA
128
528
CAAGACCGCCAAGGA
129
529
AAGACCGCCAAGGAA
130
530
AGACCGCCAAGGAUA
131
531
GACCGCCAAGGAUGA
132
532
ACCGCCAAGGAUGCA
133
533
CCGCCAAGGAUGCAA
134
534
CGCCAAGGAUGCACA
135
535
GCCAAGGAUGCACUA
136
536
CCAAGGAUGCACUGA
137
537
CAAGGAUGCACUGAA
138
538
AAGGAUGCACUGAGA
139
539
AGGAUGCACUGAGCA
140
540
GGAUGCACUGAGCAA
141
541
GAUGCACUGAGCAGA
142
542
AUGCACUGAGCAGCA
143
543
UGCACUGAGCAGCGA
144
544
GCACUGAGCAGCGUA
145
545
CACUGAGCAGCGUGA
146
546
ACUGAGCAGCGUGCA
147
547
CUGAGCAGCGUGCAA
148
548
UGAGCAGCGUGCAGA
149
549
GAGCAGCGUGCAGGA
150
550
AGCAGCGUGCAGGAA
151
551
CAGCGUGCAGGAGUA
152
552
CGUGCAGGAGUCCCA
153
553
GUGCAGGAGUCCCAA
154
554
UGCAGGAGUCCCAGA
155
555
GCAGGAGUCCCAGGA
156
556
CAGGAGUCCCAGGUA
157
557
AGGAGUCCCAGGUGA
158
558
GGAGUCCCAGGUGGA
159
559
GUCCCAGGUGGCCCA
160
560
UCCCAGGUGGCCCAA
161
561
CAGGUGGCCCAGCAA
162
562
AGGUGGCCCAGCAGA
163
563
UGGCCCAGCAGGCCA
164
564
CCCAGCAGGCCAGGA
165
565
UGGGUGACCGAUGGA
166
566
GGGUGACCGAUGGCA
167
567
GGUGACCGAUGGCUA
168
568
GUGACCGAUGGCUUA
169
569
UGACCGAUGGCUUCA
170
570
GACCGAUGGCUUCAA
171
571
ACCGAUGGCUUCAGA
172
572
CCGAUGGCUUCAGUA
173
573
CGAUGGCUUCAGUUA
174
574
GAUGGCUUCAGUUCA
175
575
AUGGCUUCAGUUCCA
176
576
UGGCUUCAGUUCCCA
177
577
GGCUUCAGUUCCCUA
178
578
GCUUCAGUUCCCUGA
179
579
CUUCAGUUCCCUGAA
180
580
UUCAGUUCCCUGAAA
181
581
UCAGUUCCCUGAAAA
182
582
CAGUUCCCUGAAAGA
183
583
AGUUCCCUGAAAGAA
184
584
GUUCCCUGAAAGACA
185
585
UUCCCUGAAAGACUA
186
586
UCCCUGAAAGACUAA
187
587
CCCUGAAAGACUACA
188
588
CCUGAAAGACUACUA
189
589
CUGAAAGACUACUGA
190
590
UGAAAGACUACUGGA
191
591
GAAAGACUACUGGAA
192
592
AAAGACUACUGGAGA
193
593
AAGACUACUGGAGCA
194
594
AGACUACUGGAGCAA
195
595
GACUACUGGAGCACA
196
596
ACUACUGGAGCACCA
197
597
CUACUGGAGCACCGA
198
598
UACUGGAGCACCGUA
199
599
ACUGGAGCACCGUUA
200
600
CUGGAGCACCGUUAA
201
601
UGGAGCACCGUUAAA
202
602
GGAGCACCGUUAAGA
203
603
GAGCACCGUUAAGGA
204
604
AGCACCGUUAAGGAA
205
605
GCACCGUUAAGGACA
206
606
CACCGUUAAGGACAA
207
607
ACCGUUAAGGACAAA
208
608
CCGUUAAGGACAAGA
209
609
CGUUAAGGACAAGUA
210
610
GUUAAGGACAAGUUA
211
611
UUAAGGACAAGUUCA
212
612
UAAGGACAAGUUCUA
213
613
AAGGACAAGUUCUCA
214
614
AGGACAAGUUCUCUA
215
615
GGACAAGUUCUCUGA
216
616
GACAAGUUCUCUGAA
217
617
ACAAGUUCUCUGAGA
218
618
CAAGUUCUCUGAGUA
219
619
AAGUUCUCUGAGUUA
220
620
AGUUCUCUGAGUUCA
221
621
UUCUCUGAGUUCUGA
222
622
UCUCUGAGUUCUGGA
223
623
CUCUGAGUUCUGGGA
224
624
UCUGAGUUCUGGGAA
225
625
CUGAGUUCUGGGAUA
226
626
UGAGUUCUGGGAUUA
227
627
GAGUUCUGGGAUUUA
228
628
AGUUCUGGGAUUUGA
229
629
GUUCUGGGAUUUGGA
230
630
UUCUGGGAUUUGGAA
231
631
UCUGGGAUUUGGACA
232
632
CUGGGAUUUGGACCA
233
633
UGGGAUUUGGACCCA
234
634
GGGAUUUGGACCCUA
235
635
GGAUUUGGACCCUGA
236
636
GAUUUGGACCCUGAA
237
637
UGGACCCUGAGGUCA
238
638
GGACCCUGAGGUCAA
239
639
GACCCUGAGGUCAGA
240
640
ACCCUGAGGUCAGAA
241
641
CCCUGAGGUCAGACA
242
642
CCUGAGGUCAGACCA
243
643
CUGAGGUCAGACCAA
244
644
UGAGGUCAGACCAAA
245
645
GAGGUCAGACCAACA
246
646
AGGUCAGACCAACUA
247
647
GGUCAGACCAACUUA
248
648
GUCAGACCAACUUCA
249
649
UCAGACCAACUUCAA
250
650
CAGACCAACUUCAGA
251
651
GACCAACUUCAGCCA
252
652
ACCAACUUCAGCCGA
253
653
CCAACUUCAGCCGUA
254
654
CAACUUCAGCCGUGA
255
655
AACUUCAGCCGUGGA
256
656
ACUUCAGCCGUGGCA
257
657
UUCAGCCGUGGCUGA
258
658
UCAGCCGUGGCUGCA
259
659
CAGCCGUGGCUGCCA
260
660
AGCCGUGGCUGCCUA
261
661
GCCGUGGCUGCCUGA
262
662
GUGGCUGCCUGAGAA
263
663
UGGCUGCCUGAGACA
264
664
GGCUGCCUGAGACCA
265
665
GCUGCCUGAGACCUA
266
666
UGCCUGAGACCUCAA
267
667
GCCUGAGACCUCAAA
268
668
CCUGAGACCUCAAUA
269
669
CUGAGACCUCAAUAA
270
670
UGAGACCUCAAUACA
271
671
GAGACCUCAAUACCA
272
672
AGACCUCAAUACCCA
273
673
AGUCCACCUGCCUAA
274
674
GUCCACCUGCCUAUA
275
675
UCCACCUGCCUAUCA
276
676
CCACCUGCCUAUCCA
277
677
CACCUGCCUAUCCAA
278
678
ACCUGCCUAUCCAUA
279
679
CCUGCCUAUCCAUCA
280
680
CUGCCUAUCCAUCCA
281
681
UGCCUAUCCAUCCUA
282
682
GCCUAUCCAUCCUGA
283
683
CCUAUCCAUCCUGCA
284
684
CUAUCCAUCCUGCGA
285
685
UAUCCAUCCUGCGAA
286
686
AUCCAUCCUGCGAGA
287
687
UCCAUCCUGCGAGCA
288
688
CCAUCCUGCGAGCUA
289
689
CAUCCUGCGAGCUCA
290
690
AUCCUGCGAGCUCCA
291
691
UCCUGCGAGCUCCUA
292
692
CCUGCGAGCUCCUUA
293
693
CUGCGAGCUCCUUGA
294
694
UGCGAGCUCCUUGGA
295
695
GCGAGCUCCUUGGGA
296
696
CGAGCUCCUUGGGUA
297
697
GAGCUCCUUGGGUCA
298
698
AGCUCCUUGGGUCCA
299
699
GCUCCUUGGGUCCUA
300
700
CUCCUUGGGUCCUGA
301
701
UCCUUGGGUCCUGCA
302
702
CCUUGGGUCCUGCAA
303
703
CUUGGGUCCUGCAAA
304
704
UUGGGUCCUGCAAUA
305
705
UGGGUCCUGCAAUCA
306
706
GGGUCCUGCAAUCUA
307
707
GGUCCUGCAAUCUCA
308
708
GUCCUGCAAUCUCCA
309
709
UCCUGCAAUCUCCAA
310
710
CCUGCAAUCUCCAGA
311
711
CUGCAAUCUCCAGGA
312
712
UGCAAUCUCCAGGGA
313
713
GCAAUCUCCAGGGCA
314
714
CAAUCUCCAGGGCUA
315
715
AAUCUCCAGGGCUGA
316
716
AUCUCCAGGGCUGCA
317
717
UCUCCAGGGCUGCCA
318
718
CUCCAGGGCUGCCCA
319
719
GUAGGUUGCUUAAAA
320
720
UAGGUUGCUUAAAAA
321
721
AGGUUGCUUAAAAGA
322
722
GGUUGCUUAAAAGGA
323
723
GUUGCUUAAAAGGGA
324
724
UUGCUUAAAAGGGAA
325
725
UGCUUAAAAGGGACA
326
726
UUAAAAGGGACAGUA
327
727
UAAAAGGGACAGUAA
328
728
AAAAGGGACAGUAUA
329
729
AAAGGGACAGUAUUA
330
730
AAGGGACAGUAUUCA
331
731
AGGGACAGUAUUCUA
332
732
GGGACAGUAUUCUCA
333
733
GGACAGUAUUCUCAA
334
734
GACAGUAUUCUCAGA
335
735
ACAGUAUUCUCAGUA
336
736
CAGUAUUCUCAGUGA
337
737
AGUAUUCUCAGUGCA
338
738
GUAUUCUCAGUGCUA
339
739
UAUUCUCAGUGCUCA
340
740
AUUCUCAGUGCUCUA
341
741
UUCUCAGUGCUCUCA
342
742
UCUCAGUGCUCUCCA
343
743
CUCAGUGCUCUCCUA
344
744
UCAGUGCUCUCCUAA
345
745
CAGUGCUCUCCUACA
346
746
AGUGCUCUCCUACCA
347
747
GUGCUCUCCUACCCA
348
748
CCUCAUGCCUGGCCA
349
749
CUCAUGCCUGGCCCA
350
750
CCAGGCAUGCUGGCA
351
751
CAGGCAUGCUGGCCA
352
752
AGGCAUGCUGGCCUA
353
753
GGCAUGCUGGCCUCA
354
754
GCAUGCUGGCCUCCA
355
755
CAUGCUGGCCUCCCA
356
756
AUGCUGGCCUCCCAA
357
757
GCUGGCCUCCCAAUA
358
758
CUGGCCUCCCAAUAA
359
759
UGGCCUCCCAAUAAA
360
760
GGCCUCCCAAUAAAA
361
761
GCCUCCCAAUAAAGA
362
762
CCUCCCAAUAAAGCA
363
763
CUCCCAAUAAAGCUA
364
764
UCCCAAUAAAGCUGA
365
765
CCCAAUAAAGCUGGA
366
766
CCAAUAAAGCUGGAA
367
767
CAAUAAAGCUGGACA
368
768
AUAAAGCUGGACAAA
369
769
UAAAGCUGGACAAGA
370
770
AAAGCUGGACAAGAA
371
771
AAGCUGGACAAGAAA
372
772
AGCUGGACAAGAAGA
373
773
GCUGGACAAGAAGCA
374
774
GGACAAGAAGCUGCA
375
775
ACAAGAAGCUGCUAA
376
776
CAAGAAGCUGCUAUA
TABLE 1d
Nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone
modifications of the sense strands of 376 exemplary constructs:
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
Nucleobase sequence and backbone modification
1
1180
fA•mG•fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mA•fG•mA•fA
2
1181
fG•mU•fU•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fA
3
1182
fU•mU•fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fA
4
1183
fU•mC•fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA
5
1184
fC•mA•fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fA
6
1185
fA•mU•fC•mC•fC•mU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA
7
1186
fU•mC•fC•mC•fU•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA
8
1187
fC•mC•fC•mU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fA
9
1188
fC•mU•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA
10
1189
fU•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fA
11
1190
fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA
12
1191
fG•mA•fG•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA
13
1192
fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mA•fA
14
1193
fU•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fA•mG•fA
15
1194
fU•mC•fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fA
16
1195
fC•mC•fA•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fA
17
1196
fC•mA•fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fA
18
1197
fA•mG•fG•mA•fA•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fA
19
1198
fG•mG•fA•mA•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA
20
1199
fG•mA•fA•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fA
21
1200
fA•mA•fC•mA•fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fA
22
1201
fA•mC•fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mG•fA
23
1202
fA•mG•fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mA•fA
24
1203
fG•mA•fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fA
25
1204
fA•mG•fG•mU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fA
26
1205
fG•mG•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA•mU•fG•mC•fA•mG•fC•mC•fA
27
1206
fG•mU•fG•mC•fC•mA•fU•mG•fC•mA•fG•mC•fC•mC•fA
28
1207
fG•mG•fU•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fA
29
1208
fG•mU•fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mU•fA
30
1209
fU•mA•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fA
31
1210
fA•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fA
32
1211
fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mC•fA
33
1212
fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA
34
1213
fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fA
35
1214
fC•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fA
36
1215
fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mC•fA
37
1216
fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA
38
1217
fG•mU•fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fA
39
1218
fU•mU•fG•mU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fA
40
1219
fU•mG•fU•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA
41
1220
fG•mU•fU•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA
42
1221
fU•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fA
43
1222
fU•mG•fC•mC•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mC•fA
44
1223
fG•mC•fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fC•mU•fA
45
1224
fC•mC•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA
46
1225
fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fA
47
1226
fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fA
48
1227
fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fA
49
1228
fC•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fA
50
1229
fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fA
51
1230
fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA
52
1231
fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mG•fC•mC•fU•mC•fU•mG•fC•mC•fA
53
1232
fC•mC•fU•mG•fG•mC•fC•mU•fC•mU•fG•mC•fC•mC•fA
54
1233
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209
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210
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211
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212
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213
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214
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215
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216
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217
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218
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219
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220
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221
1400
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222
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223
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224
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225
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226
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227
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228
1407
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229
1408
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230
1409
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231
1410
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232
1411
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233
1412
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234
1413
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235
1414
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236
1415
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237
1416
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238
1417
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239
1418
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240
1419
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241
1420
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242
1421
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243
1422
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244
1423
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245
1424
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246
1425
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247
1426
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248
1427
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249
1428
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250
1429
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251
1430
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252
1431
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253
1432
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254
1433
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255
1434
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256
1435
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257
1436
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258
1437
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259
1438
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260
1439
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261
1440
fG•mC•fC•mG•fU•mG•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mC•fU•mG•fA
262
1441
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263
1442
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264
1443
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265
1444
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266
1445
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267
1446
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268
1447
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269
1448
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270
1449
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271
1450
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272
1451
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273
1452
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274
1453
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275
1454
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276
1455
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277
1456
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278
1457
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279
1458
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280
1459
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281
1460
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282
1461
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283
1462
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284
1463
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285
1464
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286
1465
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287
1466
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288
1467
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289
1468
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290
1469
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291
1470
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292
1471
fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fA
293
1472
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294
1473
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295
1474
fG•mC•fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fA
296
1475
fC•mG•fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fA
297
1476
fG•mA•fG•mC•fU•mC•fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fA
298
1477
fA•mG•fC•mU•fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fA
299
1478
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300
1479
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301
1480
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302
1481
fC•mC•fU•mU•fG•mG•fG•mU•fC•mC•fU•mG•fC•mA•fA
303
1482
fC•mU•fU•mG•fG•mG•fU•mC•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA•mA•fA
304
1483
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305
1484
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306
1485
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307
1486
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308
1487
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309
1488
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310
1489
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311
1490
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312
1491
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313
1492
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314
1493
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315
1494
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316
1495
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317
1496
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318
1497
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319
1498
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320
1499
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321
1500
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322
1501
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323
1502
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324
1503
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325
1504
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326
1505
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327
1506
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328
1507
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329
1508
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330
1509
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331
1510
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332
1511
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333
1512
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334
1513
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335
1514
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336
1515
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337
1516
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338
1517
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339
1518
fU•mA•fU•mU•fC•mU•fC•mA•fG•mU•fG•mC•fU•mC•fA
340
1519
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341
1520
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342
1521
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343
1522
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344
1523
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345
1524
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346
1525
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347
1526
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348
1527
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349
1528
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350
1529
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351
1530
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352
1531
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353
1532
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354
1533
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355
1534
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356
1535
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357
1536
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358
1537
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359
1538
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360
1539
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361
1540
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362
1541
fC•mC•fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fU•mA•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA
363
1542
fC•mU•fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mU•fA•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fA
364
1543
fU•mC•fC•mC•fA•mA•fU•mA•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fA
365
1544
fC•mC•fC•mA•fA•mU•fA•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA
366
1545
fC•mC•fA•mA•fU•mA•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fA
367
1546
fC•mA•fA•mU•fA•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fA
368
1547
fA•mU•fA•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fA•mA•fA
369
1548
fU•mA•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fA
370
1549
fA•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mA•fA
371
1550
fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fA•mA•fA
372
1551
fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mG•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fA
373
1552
fG•mC•fU•mG•fG•mA•fC•mA•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fA
374
1553
fG•mG•fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fA
375
1554
fA•mC•fA•mA•fG•mA•fA•mG•fC•mU•fG•mC•fU•mA•fA
376
1555
fC•mA•fA•mG•fA•mA•fG•mC•fU•mG•fC•mU•fA•mU•fA
Tables 2a to 2d below show nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications of antisense and sense strands of a further 15 exemplary constructs. For corresponding entries in the sequence listing, the following applies: entry number in Table 2a+376=entry number in the sequence listing; entry number in Table 2c+776=entry number in the sequence listing.
TABLE 2a
Nucleobase sequences of the antisense strands
of 15 further exemplary constructs
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
AS unmodified
1
377
UAACUCAGAGAACUUGUCC
2
378
UUGUCCUUAACGGUGCUCC
3
379
UAAUCCCAGAACUCAGAGA
4
380
UCCUUGGCGGUCUUGGUGG
5
381
UCUGAAGCCAUCGGUCACC
6
382
UCAGAGAACUUGUCCUUAA
7
383
UACUCAGAGAACUUGUCCU
8
384
UGAACUCAGAGAACUUGUC
9
385
UACUUGUCCUUAACGGUGC
10
386
UCUCAGAGAACUUGUCCUU
11
387
UUUGUCCUUAACGGUGCUC
12
388
UUCCUUGGCGGUCUUGGUG
13
389
UGCUCCAGUAGUCUUUCAG
14
390
UCAUCCUCGGCCUCUGAAG
15
391
UUGGUGGCGUGCUUCAUGU
TABLE 2b
Nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications
of the antisense strands of 15 further exemplary constructs:
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
Antisense strand modified
1
1556
[mU][#][fA][#][mA][#][fC][mU][fC][mA][fG][mA][fG][mA][fA][mC][fU][#][mU][#][fG][#][mU][#][fC][#]rC
2
1557
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][#][fU][mC][fC][mU][fU][mA][fA][mC][fG][mG][fU][#][mG][#][fC][#][mU][#][fC][#]rC
3
1558
[mU][#][fA][#][mA][#][fU][mC][fC][mC][fA][mG][fA][mA][fC][mU][fC][#][mA][#][fG][#][mA][#][fG][#]rA
4
1559
[mU][#][fC][#][mC][#][fU][mU][fG][mG][fC][mG][fG][mU][fC][mU][fU][#][mG][#][fG][#][mU][#][fG][#]rG
5
1560
[mU][#][fC][#][mU][#][fG][mA][fA][mG][fC][mC][fA][mU][fC][mG][fG][#][mU][#][fC][#][mA][#][fC][#]rC
6
1561
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][#][fG][mA][fG][mA][fA][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][fC][#][mC][#][fU][#][mU][#][fA][#]rA
7
1562
[mU][#][fA][#][mC][#][fU][mC][fA][mG][fA][mG][fA][mA][fC][mU][fU][#][mG][#][fU][#][mC][#][fC][#]rU
8
1563
[mU][#][fG][#][mA][#][fA][mC][fU][mC][fA][mG][fA][mG][fA][mA][fC][#][mU][#][fU][#][mG][#][fU][#]rC
9
1564
[mU][#][fA][#][mC][#][fU][mU][fG][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fA][mA][fC][#][mG][#][fG][#][mU][#][fG][#]rC
10
1565
[mU][#][fC][#][mU][#][fC][mA][fG][mA][fG][mA][fA][mC][fU][mU][fG][#][mU][#][fC][#][mC][#][fU][#]rU
11
1566
[mU][#][fU][#][mU][#][fG][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fA][mA][fC][mG][fG][#][mU][#][fG][#][mC][#][fU][#]rC
12
1567
[mU][#][fU][#][mC][#][fC][mU][fU][mG][fG][mC][fG][mG][fU][mC][fU][#][mU][#][fG][#][mG][#][fU][#]rG
13
1568
[mU][#][fG][#][mC][#][fU][mC][fC][mA][fG][mU][fA][mG][fU][mC][fU][#][mU][#][fU][#][mC][#][fA][#]rG
14
1569
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][#][fU][mC][fC][mU][fC][mG][fG][mC][fC][mU][fC][#][mU][#][fG][#][mA][#][fA][#]rG
15
1570
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][#][fG][mU][fG][mG][fC][mG][fU][mG][fC][mU][fU][#][mC][#][fA][#][mU][#][fG][#]rU
TABLE 2c
Nucleobase sequences of the sense strands
of 15 further exemplary constructs
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
SS unmodified
1
777
AGUUCUCUGAGUUA
2
778
ACCGUUAAGGACAA
3
779
GAGUUCUGGGAUUA
4
780
AAGACCGCCAAGGA
5
781
CCGAUGGCUUCAGA
6
782
GACAAGUUCUCUGA
7
783
AAGUUCUCUGAGUA
8
784
GUUCUCUGAGUUCA
9
785
GUUAAGGACAAGUA
10
786
CAAGUUCUCUGAGA
11
787
CCGUUAAGGACAAA
12
788
AGACCGCCAAGGAA
13
789
AGACUACUGGAGCA
14
790
GAGGCCGAGGAUGA
15
791
AAGCACGCCACCAA
TABLE 2d
Nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications
of the sense strands of 15 further exemplary constructs:
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
Sense strand modified
1
1571
[mA][#][fG][#][mU][fU][mC][fU][mC][fU][mG][fA][mG][fU][#][mU][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
2
1572
[mA][#][fC][#][mC][fG][mU][fU][mA][fA][mG][fG][mA][fC][#][mA][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
3
1573
[mG][#][fA][#][mG][fU][mU][fC][mU][fG][mG][fG][mA][fU][#][mU][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
4
1574
[mA][#][fA][#][mG][fA][mC][fC][mG][fC][mC][fA][mA][fG][#][mG][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
5
1575
[mC][#][fC][#][mG][fA][mU][fG][mG][fC][mU][fU][mC][fA][#][mG][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
6
1576
[mG][#][fA][#][mC][fA][mA][fG][mU][fU][mC][fU][mC][fU][#][mG][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
7
1577
[mA][#][fA][#][mG][fU][mU][fC][mU][fC][mU][fG][mA][fG][#][mU][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
8
1578
[mG][#][fU][#][mU][fC][mU][fC][mU][fG][mA][fG][mU][fU][#][mC][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
9
1579
[mG][#][fU][#][mU][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][#][mU][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
10
1580
[mC][#][fA][#][mA][fG][mU][fU][mC][fU][mC][fU][mG][fA][#][mG][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
11
1581
[mC][#][fC][#][mG][fU][mU][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mC][fA][#][mA][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
12
1582
[mA][#][fG][#][mA][fC][mC][fG][mC][fC][mA][fA][mG][fG][#][mA][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
13
1583
[mA][#][fG][#][mA][fC][mU][fA][mC][fU][mG][fG][mA][fG][#][mC][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
14
1584
[mG][#][fA][#][mG][fG][mC][fC][mG][fA][mG][fG][mA][fU][#][mG][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
15
1585
[mA][#][fA][#][mG][fC][mA][fC][mG][fC][mC][fA][mC][fC][#][mA][#][fA][#][3 ×
GalNac]
TABLE 3a
Nucleobase sequences of the strands
of 12 further exemplary constructs.
SEQ
ID
#
NO:
Strands unmodified
A277(15)
792
uuggauaggc agguggacuc accugccuau
ccaa
A28(15)
793
ucaacaagga guacccgggg guacuccuug
uuga
A277(14)
794
uuggauaggc agguggacua ccugccuauc
caa
A28(14)
795
ucaacaagga guacccgggg uacuccuugu
uga
A277(12-5)
796
uuggauaggc agguggacug ccuauccaa
A277(13-4)
797
uuggauaggc agguggacuu gccuauccaa
A28(14-4)
798
ucaacaagga guacccgggu acuccuuguu ga
A277(14)mF
799
uuggauaggc agguggacua ccugccuauc
caa
A28(14)mF
800
ucaacaagga guacccgggg uacuccuugu
uga
A277(12-5)mF
801
uuggauaggc agguggacug ccuauccaa
A277(13-4)mF
802
uuggauaggc agguggacuu gccuauccaa
A28(14-4)mF
803
ucaacaagga guacccgggu acuccuuguu ga
Tables 3a to 3b below show nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications of 12 further exemplary constructs.
TABLE 3b
Nucleobase sequences and sugar-phosphate backbone modifications
of the strands of 12 further exemplary constructs:
#
SEQ ID NO:
Strands modified
A277(15)
1586
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][mG][#][fG]
[#][mA][#][fC][#][mU][#][fC][mA][fC][mC][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC]
[mC][#][mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A28(15)
1587
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mG][fU][mA][fC][mC][#][fC][#]
[mG][#][fG][#][mG][#][fG][mG][fU][mA][fC][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][mU]
[#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A277(14)
1588
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][#][mG][#]
[fG][#][mA][#][fC][#][mU][#][mA][fC][mC][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC][mC]
[#][mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A28(14)
1589
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mG][fU][mA][fC][#][mC][#][fC]
[#][mG][#][fG][#][mG][#][mG][fU][mA][fC][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][mU]
[#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A277(12-5)
1590
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][#][mG][#][fU][mG][#]
[fG][#][mA][#][fC][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC][mC][#][mA][#][mA][#][3 ×
GalNAc]
A277(13-4)
1591
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][mG][#][fU][#][mG][#]
[fG][#][mA][#][fC][mU][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC][mC][#][mA][#][mA]
[#][3 × GalNac]
A28(14-4)
1592
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mG][fU][mA][fC][#][mC][#][fC]
[#][mG][#][fG][#][mG][fU][mA][fC][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][mU][#][mG]
[#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A277(14)mF
1593
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][mG][mA][mU][mA][mG][mG][mC][mA][mG][mG][fU][#][mG]
[#][mG][#][mA][#][mC][#][mU][#][mA][fC][fC][fU][mG][mC][mC][mU][mA][mU]
[mC][mC][#][mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNac]
A28(14)mF
1594
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][mA][mC][mA][mA][mG][mG][mA][mG][mU][mA][fC][#][mC]
[#][mC][#][mG][#][mG][#][mG][#][mG][fU][fA][fC][mU][mC][mC][mU][mU][mG]
[mU][mU][#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A277(12-
1595
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][mG][mA][mU][mA][mG][mG][mC][mA][mG][#][mG][#][fU]
5) mF
[mG][#][mG][#][fA][#][fC][fU][mG][mC][mC][mU][mA][mU][mC][mC][#][mA][#]
[mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A277(13-
1596
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][mG][mA][mU][mA][mG][mG][mC][mA][mG][mG][#][fU][#]
4) mF
[mG][#][mG][#][mA][#][fC][fU][fU][mG][mC][mC][mU][mA][mU][mC][mC][#]
[mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
A28(14-4)mF
1597
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][mA][mC][mA][mA][mG][mG][mA][mG][mU][mA][fC][#][mC]
[#][mC][#][mG][#][mG][#][mG][fU][fA][fC][mU][mC][mC][mU][mU][mG][mU]
[mU][#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
It should also be noted that the scope of the compositions and methods described herein extends to sequences that correspond to those in the Tables above, and wherein the 5′ nucleoside of the antisense (guide) strand (first region as defined in the items herein) can include any nucleobase that can be present in an RNA molecule, in other words can be any of adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G) or cytosine (C). Additionally, the scope of the present compositions and methods extends to sequences that correspond to those in Table 1a or Table 1 b, and wherein the 3′ nucleoside of the sense (passenger) strand (second region as defined in the items herein) can include any nucleobase that can be present in an RNA molecule, in other words can be any of adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G) or cytosine (C), preferably however a nucleobase that is complementary to the 5′ nucleobase of the antisense (guide) strand (first region as defined in the items herein).
While the methods are shown and described as being a series of acts that are performed in a particular sequence, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methods are not limited by the order of the sequence. For example, some acts can occur in a different order than what is described herein. In addition, an act can occur concurrently with another act. Further, in some instances, not all acts may be required to implement a method described herein.
The order of the steps of the methods described herein is exemplary, but the steps may be carried out in any suitable order, or simultaneously where appropriate. Additionally, steps may be added or substituted in, or individual steps may be deleted from any of the methods without departing from the scope of the subject matter described herein. Aspects of any of the Examples described above may be combined with aspects of any of the other Examples described to form further Examples.
It will be understood that the above description of a preferred embodiment is given by way of example only and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art. What has been described above includes Examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable modification and alteration of the above compounds, compositions or methods for purposes of describing the aforementioned aspects, but one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that many further modifications and permutations of various aspects are possible. Accordingly, the described aspects are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims.
EXAMPLES
The following Examples illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure and are not limiting. Moreover, where specific embodiments are provided, the generic application of those specific embodiments is contemplated. For example, disclosure of an oligonucleotide having a particular motif or modification patterns provides reasonable support for additional oligonucleotides having the same or similar motif or modification patterns.
The syntheses of the RNAi constructs as disclosed herein have been carried out using synthesis methods known to the person skilled in the art, such as synthesis methods disclosed in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide_synthesis {retrieved on 16 Feb. 2022}, wherein the methods disclosed on this website are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. The only difference to the synthesis method disclosed in this reference is that GalNac phosphoramidite immobilized on a support is used in the synthesis method during the first synthesis step.
Example 1
Materials and Methods
Cell Culture:
HepG2 (ATCC cat. 85011430) cells were maintained by biweekly passing in EMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 20 mM L-glutamine, 10 mM HEPES pH 7.2, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 1×MEM non-essential amino acids, and 1×Pen/Strep (EMEM complete).
APOC3 Target identification and duplex preparation:
Targets to APOC3 were identified by bioinformatic analysis on human APOC3 mRNA sequence as given in RefSeq sequence ID NM_000040, wherein inter alia it has been taken into consideration that constructs as described herein should target APOC3 mRNA irrespective of splice variants and isoforms. 376 targets were selected for synthesis as asymmetric duplexes (14 nucleotide sense strand, 19 nucleotide antisense strand). Compounds were dissolved to 50 uM in molecular biology grade water and annealed by heating at 95 C for 5 minutes followed by gradual cooling to room temperature.
APOC3-Primary Screen:
On the day of transfection, HepG2 cells were collected by trypsinization, counted, and seeded in 96 well tissue culture treated plates at 10,000 cells per well in 50 uL complete EMEM with 20% FBS. Cells were allowed to rest for 4 hours before transfection with 2 pmoles of each respective APOC3 duplex in triplicate via RNAiMax (ThermoFisher). In brief, 8 pmoles of each duplex were diluted in 100 uL OptiMEM and mixed gently with 0.8 uL of RNAiMax in 100 uL OptiMEM to make 200 uL total complex. 50 uL of each RNAiMax complexed duplex was added to each respective triplicate well of HepG2 cells for a final mixture of 20 nM duplex in a volume of 100 uL, 50/50 EMEM/OptiMEM at 10% FBS.
72 hours post transfection, cells were harvested and RNA isolated using the PureLink Pro 96 total RNA Purification Kit (ThermoFisher, 12173011A) according to the manufacturer protocol. Harvested RNA was assayed for APOC3 expression via Taqman qPCR using the Luna Universal Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit (NEB, E3006). Two separate qPCR assays were performed for each sample using two separate APOC3 Taqman probe sets multiplexed with a common GAPDH VIC probe (ThermoFisher, 4326317E). Thermocycling and data acquisition was performed with an Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 3 Real-Time PCR System. Based on the results of the primary screen, a subset of 77 oligomeric compounds was selected which exhibit at least 70% target knockdown when assessed with either probe. These 77 compounds are defined by above items 3 and 4.
APOC3-Secondary Screen:
Based on data from the primary screen, a yet narrower set of the best performing 30 APOC3 duplexes were tested in dose curves. As before, HepG2 cells were collected by trypsinization and seeded in 96 well tissue culture plates at 10,000 cells per well in 50 uL complete EMEM with 20% FBS and allowed to rest for 4 hours. Transfection complexes were formed by gently mixing 36 pmoles of each duplex in 180 uL OptiMEM with 2.16 uL RNAiMax in 180 uL OptiMEM to make 360 uL total complex. A two fold dilution series was then performed with basal OptiMEM. 50 uL of each dilution was added to respective triplicates of HepG2 cells to make a final dilution series of 50 nM down to 0.32 nM in a volume of 100 uL, 50/50 EMEM/OptiMEM at 10% FBS.
72 hours post transfection, cells were harvested and RNA isolated using the PureLink Pro 96 total RNA Purification Kit (ThermoFisher, 12173011A) according to the manufacturer protocol. Harvested RNA was assayed for APOC3 expression via Taqman qPCR using the Luna Universal Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit (NEB, E3006). A single qPCR assay was performed for each sample using APOC3 Taqman probe set multiplexed with a common GAPDH VIC probe (ThermoFisher, 4326317E). Thermocycling and data acquisition was performed with an Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 3 Real-Time PCR System.
Example 2
Results
Table 4 below shows IC50 values (in nM) for the 30 constructs selected in accordance with the Examples.
Sequence ID
% k/d at the highest conc.
IC50
AP277
93.44
3.29
AP337
93.10
4.10
AP028
90.64
4.53
AP343
93.10
4.70
AP369
90.15
4.86
AP366
95.63
5.56
AP274
89.43
5.89
AP367
88.85
5.99
AP336
92.76
6.13
AP332
90.23
6.35
AP293
84.99
6.44
AP373
89.76
6.46
AP280
78.85
6.71
AP221
92.66
6.84
AP334
90.35
6.85
AP286
83.77
6.89
AP149
90.36
7.77
AP193
91.30
7.83
AP328
87.02
7.85
AP175
94.58
8.28
AP262
84.65
8.72
AP254
90.79
9.11
AP185
88.83
9.20
AP328
88.99
9.44
AP271
78.49
9.49
AP137
86.09
9.79
AP225
81.11
10.74
AP167
84.77
11.13
AP297
84.99
13.28
AP191
84.23
14.27
The IC50 data in the single- to double-digit nanomolar range demonstrate outstanding performance of numerous constructs as described herein.
Example 3
Materials and Methods
Cell Culture:
Human primary hepatocytes (5 donor pooled—Sekisui XenoTech, HPCH05+) were thawed immediately prior to experimentation and cultured in 1×complete Williams medium (Gibco, A1217601) supplemented with Hepatocytes plating supplement pack (Gibco, CM3000). FBS concentration was modified from manufacture recipe to a final 2.5% (as opposed to 5%) for compound stability. 1×Complete WEM: 2.5% FBS, 1 μM Dexamethasone, Pen/Strep (100 U/mL/100 μg/mL), 4 μg/ml Human Insulin, 2 mM GlutaMAX, 15 mM HEPES, pH 7.4).
Hepatocytes were plated on Collagen I (rat tail) coated 96 well tissue culture plates (Gibco, A1142803).
APOC3 Compound Preparation:
Compounds were dissolved to 10 mg/mL in PBS and annealed by heating at 95 C for 5 minutes followed by rapid cooling on ice.
APOC3 Compound Transfections:
On the day of transfection, primary human hepatocytes were thawed in 45 mL of human OptiThaw (Sekisui Xenotech, K8000) and centrifuged down at 200 g for 5 minutes. Cells were resuspended in 2×complete WEM and counted. Cell were then plated in 50 uL of 2×complete WEM at 25,000 cells per well on 96 well type 1 rat tail Collagen plates and allowed to rest and attach for four hours before transfection.
Compounds were diluted further to 2 uM in basal WEM. A seven step, five fold dilution series was prepared in basal WEM from 2 uM to 0.000128 uM. 50 uL of each dilution was added to respective triplicates of the plated hepatocytes for a final dilution series of 1 uM down to 0.000064 uM in a volume of 100 uL 1×complete WEM.
72 hours post transfection, cells were harvested and RNA isolated using the PureLink Pro 96 total RNA Purification Kit (ThermoFisher, 12173011A) according to the manufacturer protocol. Harvested RNA was assayed for APOC3 expression via Taqman qPCR using the Luna Universal Probe One-Step RT-qPCR Kit (NEB, E3006). A single qPCR assay was performed for each sample using an APOC3 Taqman probe set (Hs00906501_g1-FAM) multiplexed with a common GAPDH VIC probe
(ThermoFisher, 4326317E). Thermocycling and data acquisition was performed with an Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 3/5 Real-Time PCR System.
TABLE 5
Constructs used as positive control
A277(15)dup
5′
[mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][mG][#][fG][#][mA][#][fC][#][rU]
(SEQ ID NO: 1598)
5′ [fC][#][mA][#][fC][mC][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC][mC][#][mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
(SEQ ID NO: 1599)
A28(15)dup
5′
[mU][#][fC][#][mA][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mG][fU][mA][fC][mC][#][fC][#][mG][#][fG][#][rG]
(SEQ ID NO: 1600)
5′ [fG][#][mG][#][fU][mA][fC][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][mU][#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
(SEQ ID NO: 1601)
P29-A28
5′ [mU][#][fG][#][mC][fA][mA][fA][mA][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][mC][fU][#][mA][#][fG][#][mA][#]
[fA][#][rA][mG][#][fU][#][mA][fC][mU][fC][mC][fU][mU][fG][mU][mU][#][mG][#][mA][#][3 × galNAc]
(SEQ ID NO: 1602)
5′ [mU][#][fC][#][mA][fA][mC][fA][mA][fG][mG][fA][mG][fU][mA][fC][#][mC][#][fC][#][mG][#][fG][#]
[rG][mA][#][fG][#][mA][fC][mC][fU][mG][fU][mU][fU][mU][mG][#][mC][#][mA][#][3 × GalNAc]
(SEQ ID NO: 1603)
P29-A277
5′ [mU][#][fG][#][mC][fA][mA][fA][mA][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][mC][fU][#][mA][#][fG][#][mA][#][fA][#]
[rA][mA][#][fC][#][mC][fU][mG][fC][mC][fU][mA][fU][mC][mC][#][mA][#][mA][#][3 × GalNac] (SEQ
ID NO: 1604)
5′ [mU][#][fU][#][mG][fG][mA][fU][mA][fG][mG][fC][mA][fG][mG][fU][#][mG][#][fG][#][mA][#]
[fC][#][rU][mA][#][fG][#][mA][fC][mC][fU][mG][fU][mU][fU][mU][mG][#][mC][#][mA][#][3 ×
GalNAc] (SEQ ID NO: 1605)
TMPRSS6
5′ vP[mA][fA][mC][fC][mA][fG][mA][fA][mG][fA][mA][fG][mC][fA][mG][fG][mU][fG][iN][fC][mU]
[fG][fC][fU][mU][fC][mU][fU][mC][fU][mG][fG][mU][fU]#[3 × GalNAc] (SEQ ID NO: 1606)
Note:
vP = vinyl-phosphonate;
iN = inverted with 2′OH
Results
As can be seen from FIG. 1a, several variations of both A28 and A277 structures demonstrated excellent activities.
As can be seen from FIG. 1b, all molecules produced excellent activities.
Example 4
Study Protocol
The following study protocol for the study entitled “mxRNA Leads for Candidate Screening Study in Male human liver-uPA-SCID mice, non-GLP” has been drafted before the animal experiments and studies have been completed and therefore uses the future tense. However, as said study has already been completely carried out, each usage of “future tense” should be considered as the “past tense” in the following description of the study protocol.
Study Objective(s)
The objective of this non-GLP study was to evaluate the dose and duration response effect of two selected mxRNA leads for candidate GaINAc-siRNA constructs targeting APOC3 using the human liver-uPA-SCID mice models. The compounds were administered subcutaneously and the mice survived for 14-days and 42-days.
Prior to necropsy, plasma and serum were collected. At necropsy, 3 liver biopsies (2 mm) per animal were preserved in separate vials in RNAlater, flash frozen, and stored at −80° C. Three more liver biopsies (2 mm) were taken, flash frozen in the same vial, and stored at −80° C.
Regulatory Compliance
This non-GLP study will not be conducted in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration's Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations (21 CFR Part 58).
Animal Welfare Compliance
The procedures described and performed below will be conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, USDA APHIS, Animal Welfare Act and/or in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures.
This protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Test Facility IACUC Committee.
Study Schedule
Acclimatization/Quarantine End Date: ≥5 days
Baseline Procedure Date: No baseline procedures Procedure Start Day 0 Date: Tentative: December Waiting on test material.
Necropsy Start: On Day 14- and 42-days post treatment.
In-Life Study Completion: 6 weeks post treatment
Preliminary Report: None required by Sponsor, Data only
Final Report Issued: None required
Test System Information
Animal Test
Common Name: Mouse
Breed/Class: Rodent—human liver-uPA-SCID mouse
Number of Animals (by gender): 36 Male, all naïve
Age Range: 14-19 weeks
Weight Range: Approx. 20 grams
The mice used in this study were human liver-uPA-SCID mice. About 80% of the hepatocytes of each mouse have been replaced by human hepatocytes. The skilled person is aware of ways of producing such mice; wherein at least some of these ways are shown and referenced in P. Meuleman and G. Leroux-Roels in Antiviral Res. 2008 December; 80(3):231-8 which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Acclimation Period:
Duration:
All animals will be acclimated for a minimum period of five (5) days prior to release by the Attending veterinarian, at which time the overall health of the animals will be evaluated. Animals which are not released from acclimation will be treated accordingly and further evaluation will be performed prior to release. All records from the acclimation period will remain in the study file.
Animal Identification Method and Location:
Animals will be assigned sequential numbers. The animals will be ear notched to permanently identify each animal. This method involves punching holes or notches in the ear pinna while anesthetized.
Alternatively, the animals may have a tattoo placed on their tail. A cage card will also be affixed to each animal cage denoting the animal number, gender, vendor, strain, study director, and study number
Study Design
Design Details
This study will have one type of mice, 36 human liver-uPA-SCID mice. Animals will be grouped by treatment type, dosage, and survival period. Each animal will be treated by subcutaneous injection of test material. Groups 1A and 1B will have four animals receive a control dose of PBS. Groups 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, and 3C will receive one dose (10 or 30 mg/kg) with four animals for each dose amount. All animals will be kept alive for 14 or 42 days. See study Table 6 below for details.
TABLE 6
Study Table
Number
of
human
liver-uPA-
SCID
Treatment
mice
Subcutaneous Injection
Survival
Pre-Euthanasia and
Group
animals
Day 0
Days
Blood
Necropsy
1A
4
Control (PBS)
14
Plasma and
Pre-Euthanasia:
1B
4
Control (PBS)
42
serum will
Plasma and serum
be
collection.
2A
4
A28 mxRNA (10 mg/kg)
14
collected
Necropsy:
2B
4
A28 mxRNA (30 mg/kg)
14
for all
2 mm biopsy of left,
2C
4
A28 mxRNA (10 mg/kg)
42
animals on
middle and right liver
3A
4
A277 mxRNA (10 mg/kg)
14
necropsy
lobes in separate vials,
3B
4
A277 mxRNA (30 mg/kg)
14
days 14
in RNAlater for 15 min,
3C
4
A277 mxRNA (10 mg/kg)
42
and 42.
flash freeze then
Spares
4
Send
stored at −80° C.
Total
36
Plasma and
2 mm biopsy of left,
serum to
middle and right liver
Sponsor.
all in one vial, flash
freeze then stored
at −80° C.
Rest of liver, flash
freeze then stored
at −80° C.
Prior to necropsy, the animals will be deeply anesthetized and a terminal blood draw will be performed through the vena cava. The target blood volume to be collected per animal is as much blood as possible with a minimum of 1.2 mL which will be split equally between a serum and plasma separation tube. After separation (see section 14.10) the serum will be split equally in two separate vials and plasma also will be separated in two separate vials (see example below).
1.2 mL of blood=0.6 mL for serum and 0.6 mL for plasma separation tubes
Serum (0.3 mL after separation)=0.15 mL×2 vials
Plasma (0.3 mL after separation)=0.15 mL×2 vials.
Above serum and plasma samples will be labelled, flash frozen and stored at −80° C.
Additional blood collected over the minimum 1.2 mL volume will be placed in a serum separation tube, processed, serum transferred to a labelled vile, refrigerated at 4° C. for rodent lipid analysis.
Note: serum and plasma will be used to measure protein, caution should be taken to avoid hemolysis or clot formation.
At necropsy, three 2 mm biopsy punches will be taken from the left, middle and right liver lobes, placed in separate vials, soaked in RNAlater for 15 minutes, flash frozen and stored at −80° C. Another three 2 mm liver biopsies from the left, middle and right liver lobes will be placed into one vial, flash frozen and stored at −80° C. The rest of the liver will be flash frozen and stored in 10 mL conical tubes at −80° C.
Alteration of Study Design
Alterations of this protocol may be made as the study progresses. Changes (to the protocol) that have the potential to negatively impact the study or the safety of the study subjects would require IACUC approval.
Animal Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Any animals that are deemed unhealthy during veterinary pre-screen will be excluded from the study and replaced with a spare animal if available. For survival animals found dead or moribund after treatment may be replaced via study protocol amendment by a spare animal if available.
Animal Disposition
At the end of the study, the animals will be euthanized.
Route of Administration
Subcutaneous injection in the scruff. An injection volume of 200 uL.
Results
FIG. 3 highlights the dose-response effect on the percent reduction of APOC3 mRNA in the liver tissues and APOC3 protein levels in the plasma of the animals treated with the different mxRNA constructs at Day 14 as compared to the control animals.
In addition, the following notes apply to FIG. 3:
A28(14-4)mF-10=A28(14-4)mF 10 mg/kg dose group
A28(14-4)mF-30=A28(14-4)mF 30 mg/kg dose group
A277(12-5)-10=A277(12-5) 10 mg/kg dose group
A277(12-5)-30=A277(12-5) 30 mg/kg dose group FIG. 4 highlights the dose-response effect on the mean percent reduction of Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol in the serum of the animals treated with the different APOC-3 targeting mxRNA constructs at Day 14 as compared to the control animals.
FIGS. 5a and 5b highlight the duration effect on the mean percent reduction of APOC3 mRNA in liver tissues and APOC3 protein levels in the plasma of the animals treated with the different APOC3-targeting mxRNA (10 mg/kg) constructs at Day 14 (Week 2) and at Week 6 as compared to the control animals. Moreover, it is noted with respect to these Figures that an outlier from the A277(12-5) group is excluded.
FIGS. 6a and 6b highlight the duration effect on the mean percent reduction of triglycerides (TGs) and total cholesterol (TC) in the serum of the animals treated with the different APOC3-targeting mxRNA (10 mg/kg) constructs at Day 14 (Week 2) and at Week 6 as compared to the control animals. With respect to these Figures it is noted, that an outlier from the A277(12-5) group is excluded.
Summary of Results
A28(14-4)mF APOC3-targeting mxRNA construct:
88% suppression of APOC3 mRNA as compared to control group at week 2 that was maintained at 78% on Week 6.
90% reduction in plasma APOC3 levels as compared to control group at week 6 that was sustained at 85% on Week 6.
32% reduction in serum triglycerides levels as compared to control group at week 2 that increased to 41% reduction on Week 6.
43% reduction in serum total cholesterol levels as compared to control group at week 2 that was maintained at 33% on Week 6.
A277(12-5) APOC3-targeting mxRNA construct:
56% suppression of APOC3 mRNA as compared to control group at week 2 that was maintained at 42% on Week 6.
83% reduction in plasma APOC3 levels as compared to control group at week 6 that was sustained at 84% on Week 6.
8% reduction in serum triglycerides levels as compared to control group at week 2 that increased to 52% reduction on Week 6.
36% reduction in serum total cholesterol levels as compared to control group at week 2 that was lost on Week 6.
CONCLUSIONS
Construct A28(14-4)mF produced outstanding activity, with 98% of the targeted protein downregulation at 2-week timepoint at 30 mg/kg dosing. Furthermore, construct A28(14-4)mF sustained excellent (protein knockdown) activity at 10 mg/kg dosing both on week 2 and week 6.
Example 5
Following the protocol described in detail in Example 4, the effects of compound A28(14-4)mF (also designated STP125G) have been observed over a longer period of time. See FIG. 7 for an overview of this extended study. The corresponding results are displayed in FIGS. 8a and 8b (APOC3 mRNA and protein knockdown, respectively), and FIGS. 9a and 9b (triglyceride and total cholesterol levels).
Several Aspects are Notable:
A single dose of 10 mg/kg is sufficient for knockdown of mRNA and protein for a period of six weeks with a rebound becoming slowly apparent toward the end of the study.
Not only triglycerides (fat levels in blood primarily considered to be associated with APOC3) but also total cholesterol are downregulated.
In the assessment of the latter findings, the properties of the mice used for the study must be considered. FIG. 10 shows that an estimated fraction of 20 to 25 percent of the cells of the humanized liver remain murine (mouse) cells. A28A(14-4)mF does not target murine APOC3. As a consequence, the non-silenced murine APOC3 contributes to the observed triglyceride and total cholesterol levels. Thus, the downregulation of these two blood fats in a purely human system is expected to exceed the results observed in this study.Source: ipg260428.zip (2026-04-28)