Composition containing plant extracts

The present invention relates to a composition comprising plant extracts. The composition according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory effect or a skin soothing effect by inhibiting NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention exhibits a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition may be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition.

1. 11. A method of skin-moisturizing, which comprises applying a composition for moisturizing skin to the skin of a patient in need of treatment of a dry skin disease, wherein the composition comprises an effective amount of a plant extract comprising Cirsium nipponicum as an active ingredient.
2. 22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant extract comprises substances extracted from the plant using water, an organic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
3. 33. The method according to claim 2, wherein the organic solvent is a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a polyhydric alcohol, a hydrocarbon-based solvent, or a mixture thereof.
4. 44. The method according to claim 1, wherein, based on 100 parts by weight of the composition, the plant extract is comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight.
5. 55. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a cosmetic composition.
6. 66. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a pharmaceutical composition.
7. 77. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition is a skin external preparation.
8. 88. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant extract comprises a combination of Cirsium nipponicum and Anthriscus sylvestris.
9. 99. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dry skin disease is one or more of atopic dermatitis or psoriasis.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is the National Phase of PCT International Application No. PCT/KR2021/000033, filed on Jan. 4, 2021, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. 119(a) to Patent Application No. 10-2020-0000282, filed in the Republic of Korea on Jan. 2, 2020, all of which are hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a composition containing plant extracts, and more particularly, to a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition.
BACKGROUND ART
Most people want to have fair skin. Skin color is genetically determined according to the concentration and distribution of melanin in the skin, but skin color is also affected by environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays and physiological factors such as fatigue and stress. Melanin is produced through a non-enzymatic oxidation reaction after tyrosine, a type of amino acid, is converted to dopa and dopaquinone by action of a tyrosinase enzyme. As such, the pathway by which melanin is produced is known, but the previous step of the step in which tyrosinase acts, that is, the mechanism of inducing melanin synthesis, is still unknown.
Examples of general whitening ingredients comprise substances that inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity, such as kojic acid and arbutin, hydroquinone, vitamin-C (L-ascorbic acid) and derivatives thereof, and various plants extracts. The above-described whitening ingredients may lighten skin tone by inhibiting synthesis of a melanin pigment, thereby realizing skin whitening. In addition, the whitening ingredients may alleviate skin hyperpigmentation, such as melasma or freckles, caused by ultraviolet rays, hormones, or heredity. However, when the whitening ingredients are applied to the skin, usage thereof may be limited due to safety issues such as irritation and redness. In addition, in some cases, since the effect of the whitening ingredients is insignificant, a substantial effect may not be expected for the whitening ingredients.
Meanwhile, collagen is a major matrix protein produced by fibroblasts of the skin and is present in the extracellular matrix. Collagen is responsible for maintaining the mechanical strength of the skin, imparting resistance and bonding strength to the connective tissues, maintaining cell adhesion, and inducing cell division and differentiation (in growth of an organism or wound healing). Collagen decreases with age and photoaging caused by UV irradiation, which is known to be closely related to formation of wrinkles in the skin. Also, in recent years, as extensive research on skin aging progresses, new functions of collagen in the skin are being revealed.
Active ingredients that promote collagen synthesis and exhibit anti-wrinkle effects are known. For example, retinoic acid, a transforming growth factor (TGF) [Non-Patent Document 1], an animal placenta-derived protein [Patent Document 1], betulinic acid [Patent Document 2], and chlorella extracts [Patent Document 3, 4] are known as collagen synthesis promoting substances. However, when the active ingredients are applied to the skin, usage thereof may be limited due to safety issues such as irritation and redness. In addition, in some cases, since the effect of the active ingredients is insignificant, the effect of improving the skin function by promoting synthesis of collagen in the skin may be substantially insignificant.
Meanwhile, inflammation is an immune response of the human body in response to a wound or disease, and ultraviolet rays or oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species or free radicals activates inflammatory factors to cause various diseases and aging of the skin. Vasoactive polypeptides such as kinin, plasmin, and complements play a role in vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and chemotaxis. In addition, lymphokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), and arachidonic acid are responsible for inflammatory responses. Arachidonic acid is converted to prostaglandins and leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators, through two pathways associated with cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase, and mediates various inflammatory responses.
Anti-inflammatory agents serve to eliminate inflammation by removing inflammatory sources and reducing biological responses and symptoms. To date, substances used for anti-inflammatory purposes comprise non-steroidal substances such as flufenamic acid, ibuprofen, benzydamine, and indomethacin and steroidal substances such as prednisolone and dexamethasone. In addition, allantoin, azene, hydrocortisone, and the like are known to have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, usage thereof may be limited due to skin safety issues, and the effect of alleviating inflammation by these substances may be insignificant.
Meanwhile, hyaluronic acid is a type of glycosaminoglycan and is a chain-shaped polymeric polysaccharide in which glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine residues are repeatedly linked. Hyaluronic acid has high viscosity and elasticity and can form a gel by combining with a large amount of water. Hyaluronic acid is a major component of the extracellular matrix and is involved in water retention, maintenance of intercellular spacing, and storage and diffusion of cell growth factors and nutrients. In addition, hyaluronic acid is known to be involved in cell division and differentiation, cell migration, and the like.
According to previous reports, more than 50% of hyaluronic acid present in the body of a mammal is distributed in the skin, particularly between epidermal cells and in the connective tissues of the dermis. In addition, hyaluronic acid is mainly synthesized by keratinocytes and fibroblasts. It has been reported that the amount of hyaluronic acid in human skin decreases with aging and decrease in hyaluronic acid in the skin is considered to be one of the direct causes of decrease in skin elasticity and moisture content due to aging (BiochemBiophysActa 279, 265-275; Carbohydr Res 159, 127-136; Int J Dermatol 33, 119-122). In addition, hyaluronic acid is known to be involved in maintaining the structure of the stratum corneum and maintaining skin barrier function (J CosmetDermatol. 2007 Jun. 6(2), 75-82).
However, hyaluronic acid having the above effects is not effectively absorbed into the skin due to high molecular weight thereof. In addition, a method of injecting hyaluronic acid into the skin through injection is currently being implemented, but this method may cause great irritation. Compared to this method, a method that promotes synthesis of hyaluronic acid in skin cells is more effective. Therefore, research on a method for increasing production of hyaluronic acid in the human body is being actively conducted, but remarkable research results are not yet known.
Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species introduced into the human body from the outside or reactive oxygen species generated in the human body may accelerate aging of the human body or cause cancers. Accordingly, development and research on antioxidants that inhibit oxidation induced by reactive oxygen species are being actively conducted. Antioxidants are widely distributed in the animal and plant kingdoms, and many phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tocopherols, vitamin C, and selenium in fruits and vegetables are known as antioxidants. However, when naturally occurring antioxidants are applied to the skin, it is difficult to obtain sufficient antioxidant effects. Accordingly, although synthetic antioxidants with excellent antioxidant power and low price are widely used, use thereof is limited due to safety concerns such as side effects in the human body.
Meanwhile, with development of transportation, people around the world are moving actively. Accordingly, various infectious diseases and new diseases are rapidly spreading. In the past, the indiscriminate use of antibacterial substances has conferred resistance to various microorganisms, which threatens mankind. In particular, for preservation of perishable products (e.g., cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, or food), there is continuous demand for substances with antibacterial properties for direct cosmetic improvement or therapy against microorganisms that may adversely affect the body.
Pesticides may be broadly divided into fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, and growth regulators. To prevent damage to crops by viruses or microorganisms, fungicides are used. Excessive use of cheap and powerful synthetic antibacterial substances in agriculture has threatened our table. Various antibacterial substances are also used in household products that come into direct contact with the human body. In this case, most of these antibacterial substances are manufactured using inexpensive chemical components. Unfortunately, based on scientific evidence, long-term use of most of these antibacterial substances may be harmful to the human body.
Preservatives, antibacterial substances approved for human use, are added to many products such as food, pharmaceuticals, daily necessities, and cosmetics widely used in our daily life to prevent change in physical properties and preserve the products for a certain period of time. In particular, in the case of products that are in frequent contact with the hand or the human body, such as cosmetics, microorganisms may be introduced from the outside, and the quality of the product may be changed by these microorganisms. In particular, when products used around the eyes are contaminated, eye diseases may be induced. In the United States in the 1920s, there was a case in which a consumer went blind after using mascara contaminated with microorganisms. Accordingly, technologies for securing consumer safety and preserving product quality by preventing contamination of the products by microorganisms have been continuously developed.
Naturally produced substances are also used as the preservatives, but most of the preservatives are chemically synthesized artificial substances. Existing preservatives, such as parabens, are known to be safe and are widely used in household products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, paraben preservatives also have problems such as skin allergies (Andrea Counti et al., Contact Dermatitis, 1997, 37; 35-36), potential as environmental hormones (Edwin et al., Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 1998, 153; 12-19), and generation of resistant bacteria.
Most of natural active substances used as preservatives have not been commercialized due to problems such as coloration, reduced stability, a narrow antibacterial spectrum, and formulation limitation. Only a few natural active substances are being commercialized, such as hinokitiol, which is a cypress extract, magnolol, which is a magnolia extract, and DF-100, which is a grapefruit extract. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for natural antibacterial substances that can replace existing synthetic chemical antibacterial substances. In particular, it is necessary to develop a natural antibacterial substance that reduces the side effects of antibacterial agents and has a wide antibacterial spectrum and formulation stability.
DISCLOSURE
Technical Problem
The present inventors confirmed that 109 plant extracts reduced the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin to obtain a skin whitening effect, promoted skin regeneration and improve skin elasticity or reduce skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in the fibroblasts of the skin, obtained an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by inhibiting NO generation, obtained a moisturizing effect by increasing the amount of moisture in the skin by promoting production of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, obtained an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals, and obtained a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria. Based on these results, the present inventors conducted further studies to complete the present invention.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is one object of the present invention to provide a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo Aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana), Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H. Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf Gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume). Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing Hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge). Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai), Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don.), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea Lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don.), Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. & Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island Corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry; (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y. C. Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf Clematis (scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.). Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lvratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schult.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr.), Korean spice Viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate Aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var. japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge (scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R. Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle), Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby Sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous Daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous Aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier), Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.), Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai), Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).
Technical Solution
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, provided is a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, or bacterial inhibition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo Aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana). Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H. Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Hance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf Gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Marlberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing Hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge), Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai.). Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea Lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Lours.) G. Don.). Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. &. Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island Corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y. C. Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf Clematis (scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.), Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lyratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schutt.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr.), Korean spice Viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate Aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var, japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge (scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R., Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle). Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby Sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.), Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang). False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous Daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous Aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier), Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.). Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai), Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).
Advantageous Effects
A composition comprising plant extracts according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by suppressing NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention exhibits a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition of the present invention can be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition.
Best Mode
Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention relates to a composition comprising, as active ingredients, one or more plant extracts selected from the group consisting of Island thistle (scientific name: Cirsium nipponicum (Maxim.) Makino), Deodeok (scientific name: Codonopsis lanceolata), Ulleung goldenrod (scientific name: Solidago virgaurea), Ulleungdo Aster (scientific name: Aster glehnii), Myeongyi (scientific name: Allium victorialis), Aging chive (scientific name: Allium senescens), Silvery mountain ash (scientific name: Sorbus commixta), Wild chervil (scientific name: Anthriscus sylvestris), Giant Knotweed (scientific name: Fallopia sachalinensis), Mono maple (scientific name: Acer pictum), Ulleungdo ladyfern (scientific name: Athyrium acutipinnulum), Wild wasabi (scientific name: Wasabia japonica), Yellow Mongolian snakegourd (scientific name: Trichosanthes kirilowii), Pungdo solomon's seal (scientific name: Polygonatum odoratum), Songak (scientific name: Hedera rhombea), Ulleungdo sweet violet (scientific name: Viola woosanensis), Korean bellflower (scientific name: Campanula takesimana), Ulleungdo turk's-cap lily (scientific name: Lilium hansonii), Ulleungdo spike speedwell (scientific name: Pseudolysimachion insulare), Coastal moss-like stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum oryzifolium), Water chickweed (Giant chickweed) (scientific name: Stellaria aquatica), Heartleaf Houttuynia (scientific name: Houttuynia cordata Thunb.), Ulleungdo liverleaf (scientific name: Hepatica maxima (Nakai) Nakai), Chinese buttercup (scientific name: Ranunculus quelpaertensis (H. Lev.) Nakai), Tricuspidate falsenettle (scientific name: Boehmeria tricuspis (Fiance) Makino), Long-calyx pink (scientific name: Dianthus longicalyx Miq.), Curled dock (scientific name: Rumex crispus L.), Erect St. Johnswort (scientific name: Hypericum erectum Thunb.), Five-leaf Gynostemma (scientific name: Gynostemma pentaphylla (Thunb.) Makino), Bird's egg cucumber (scientific name: Melothria japonica (Thunb.) Maxim.), Ulleungdo rockcress (scientific name: Arabis takesimana Nakai), Hedge Mustard (scientific name: Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.), Asian prince's pine (scientific name: Chimaphila japonica Miq.), Mulberry (scientific name: Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume), Spoon-leaf yellow loosestrife (scientific name: Lysimachia mauritiana Lam.), Climbing Hydrangea (scientific name: Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc.), Stringy stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum sarmentosum Bunge), Ulleungdo stonecrop (scientific name: Sedum takesimense Nakai), Foam flower (scientific name: Tiarella polyphylla D. Don), East Asian cinquefoil (scientific name: Potentilla chinensis Ser.), Indigobush Amorpha (scientific name: Amorpha fruticosa L.), Sericea Lespedeza (scientific name: Lespedeza cuneata (Dum. Cours.) G. Don.), Alfalfa (scientific name: Medicago sativa L.), Amur vetch (scientific name: Vicia amurensis Oett.), Hairy purple loosestrife (scientific name: Lythrum salicaria L.), South enchanter's nightshade (scientific name: Circaea mollis Siebold & Zucc.), Long-seed willowherb (scientific name: Epilobium pyrricholophum Franch. & Sav.), Evening Primrose (scientific name: Oenothera biennis L.), Stolon golden saxifrage (scientific name: Chrysosplenium flagelliferum F. Schmidt), Serrate-petal rockfoil (scientific name: Saxifraga fortunei var. incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.) Nakai), Ulleungdo cleadnettle (scientific name: Lamium takesimense NAKAI.), Island ninebark (scientific name: Physocarpus insularis (Nakai) Nakai), Island Corydalis (scientific name: Corydalis ilistipes Nakai), Ulleungdo raspberry (scientific name: Rubus takesimensis Nakai), Korea Dystaenia (scientific name: Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag), Ulleungdo violet (scientific name: Viola takeshimana Nakai), Spindle Tree (scientific name: Euonymus japonicus Thunb.), Crimson grapevine (scientific name: Vitis coignetiae Pulliat ex Planch.), Aralia continentalis (scientific name: Aralia cordata var. continentalis (Kitag.) Y. C. Chu), Japanese Angelica (scientific name: Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.), Glossy-leaf paper plant (scientific name: Fatsia japonica (Thunb.) Decne. & Planch.), Three-leaf Clematis scientific name: Clematis apiifolia DC.), Lyre-leaf nightshade (scientific name: Solanum lyratum Thunb.), Ivy morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia hederacea Wall.), Beach morning glory (scientific name: Calystegia soldanella (L.) Roem. & Schult.), East Asian beautyberry (scientific name: Callicarpa japonica Thunb.), Korean mint (scientific name: Agastache rugosa (Fisch: & C. A. Mey.) Kuntze), Small-flower Asian calamint (scientific name: Clinopodium chinense var. parviflorum (Kudo) H. Hara), Henbit deadnettle (scientific name: Lamium amplexicaule L.), Oriental motherwort (scientific name: Leonurus japonicus Houtt.), Long-stalk low meadow-rue (scientific name: Thalictrum kemense Fr), Korean spice Viburnum (scientific name: Viburnum carlesii Hemsl.), Asian greater celandine (scientific name: Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum (H. Hara) Ohwi), Seashore spatulate Aster (scientific name: Aster spathulifolius Maxim.), Leopard plant (scientific name: Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam.), Oriental yellowhead (scientific name: Inula britannica var. japonica (Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.), Giant butterbur (scientific name: Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.), Ciliated-fruit sedge scientific name: Carex blepharicarpa Franch.), Short-stem sedge (scientific name: Carex breviculmis R. Br.), Purple maiden silvergrass (scientific name: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens (Andersson) Rendle), Foxtail fountaingrass (scientific name: Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.), Arrow bamboo (scientific name: Pseudosasa japonica (Siebold & Zucc. ex Steud.) Makino ex Nakai), Kuril bamboo (scientific name: Sasa kurilensis (Rupr.) Makino & Shibata), Shrubby Sophora (scientific name: Sophora flavescens Aiton), Orange Daylily (scientific name: Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L.). Tiger lily (scientific name: Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Big blue lilyturf (scientific name: Liriope platyphylla F. T. Wang & T. Tang), False lily of the valley (scientific name: Maianthemum dilatatum (A. W. Wood) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbr.), Japanese Cedar (scientific name: Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don), Thunberg's bay-tree (scientific name: Machilus thunbergii Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo white pine (scientific name: Pinus parviflora Siebold & Zucc.). Ulleungdo hemlock (scientific name: Tsuga sieboldii, Carriere), Sericeous newlitsea (scientific name: Neolitsea sericea (Blume) Koidz.), Macropodous Daphniphyllum (scientific name: Daphniphyllum macropodum Miq.), Scabrous Aphananthe (scientific name: Aphananthe aspera (Thunb.) Planch.), Caudate-leaf hackberry (scientific name: Celtis jessoensis Koidz.), Manchurian Elm (scientific name: Ulmus laciniata (Trautv.) Mayr), Montane alder (scientific name: Alnus maximowiczii Callier). Ulleungdo linden (scientific name: Tilia insularis Nakai), Fragrant snowbell (scientific name: Styrax obassia Siebold & Zucc.), Ulleungdo flowering cherry (scientific name: Prunus takesimensis Nakai), Spotted laurel (scientific name: Aucuba japonica Thunb.), Ulleungdo maple (scientific name: Acer takesimense Nakai). Ulleungdo amur corktree (scientific name: Phellodendron insulare Nakai), Alianthus-like prickly-ash (scientific name: Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Siebold & Zucc.), Wax-leaf privet (scientific name: Ligustrum japonicum Thunb.), Ulleungdo honeysuckle (scientific name: Lonicera insularis Nakai), Silk tree (scientific name: Albizia julibrissin), and False daisy (scientific name: Eclipta prostrata).
The composition comprising plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention may be used as a composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition. The antibacterial composition may be used as an oral antibacterial composition, an anti-cavity composition, a periodontal disease alleviation composition, and an anti-halitosis composition.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, since the composition comprising plant extracts as active ingredients according to the present invention clearly exhibits a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, a skin elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a moisturizing effect, an antioxidant effect, and/or an antibacterial effect at a low concentration, the composition may be used as an active ingredient for a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, and a food composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition.
In the present invention, the type of plant is not limited, and a cultivated plant may be used, or a commercially available plant may be used, and the source of the plant is not limited.
The plant extracts of the present invention may be extracted according to a method known in the art, and the method is not particularly limited. Alternatively, commercially available extracts may be used.
Regardless of regions in which plants are grown, the plant extracts according to the present invention may have a skin whitening, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect. Preferably, plant extracts collected from Ulleungdo may have superior skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, anti oxidative, and/or antibacterial effects.
The plant extracts may be obtained using any part of a plant, and there is no limitation on extraction sites. Obtaining the plant extracts is not limited by the shape of a plant, and a process of obtaining the extracts comprises a process of drying the plant. For example, in the present invention, the plant may be the whole, roots, stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, and/or seeds of the above-described plant.
In the present invention, the term “extracts” comprise extracts and all formulations that may be formed using extracts, such as extracts obtained by extracting the above-described plants, a diluted or concentrated liquid of the extracts, a product obtained by drying the extracts, a substance prepared by adjusting or purifying the extracts, a fermented product of the extracts, or a mixture thereof. In addition, the extracts comprise juice obtained by filtrating the product obtained after directly pressing or pulverizing the plants. The plant may be extracted as it is or may be extracted by oriental medicine processing. The “oriental medicine processing ()” refers to a pharmaceutical technology that changes the original properties of medicines by processing the medicines based on oriental medicine theory. For example, the “oriental medicine processing” includes the “cho ()” method of roasting medicinal materials, the “ja ()” method in which a liquid auxiliary material is permeated into medicinal materials by roasting the medicinal materials with a certain amount of the liquid auxiliary material, and the “steam ()” method in which liquid auxiliary materials according to the oriental medicine processing regulations for each medicinal material are added into an appropriate container, and the mixture is mixed, heated, and dried to an appropriate degree.
In the present invention, an extraction method is not particularly limited, and extraction may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art. Non-limiting examples of the extraction method comprise a solvent extraction method, a hot water extraction method, an ultrasonic extraction method, a filtration method, a reflux extraction method, and the like, and the methods may be performed alone, or two or more methods may be used in combination.
In the present invention, the type of extraction solvent used for extraction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used. In the present invention, the extracts may be obtained by performing extraction using water, a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof. In addition, non-limiting examples of the extraction solvent comprise water; a low-grade alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and butyl alcohol; a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerin, butylene glycol, and propylene glycol; a hydrocarbon-based solvent such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, benzene, hexane, diethyl ether, and dichloromethane; or a mixture thereof. Specifically, as the extraction solvent, water, a low-grade alcohol, 1,3-butylene glycol, and ethyl acetate may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. In this case, when two or more solvents are mixed and used, the mixing ratio between the solvents is not particularly limited.
In the present invention, extraction may be performed at an extraction temperature of 10 to 80° C., specifically 15 to 50° C. for an extraction time of 2 hours to 3 days, specifically 12 hours to 18 days using a solvent of 1 to 100 times by weight, specifically 1 to 50 times by weight, more specifically 2 to 20 times by weight based on the weight of the dry matter of the plants. The extraction method may comprise a process of obtaining a liquid crude extract by performing extraction 1 to 5 times consecutively for the dried material and the crushed material.
In the present invention, to remove solid particles suspended in the extracts, the solid particles may be filtered out from the extracts by filtration (e.g., using nylon or filter paper). In addition, the extracts may be used after performing filtration using freeze filtration or the like, or the filtered extracts may be used after drying using freeze drying, hot air drying, spray drying, or the like.
The liquid crude extract may be separated from the dried lysate of a plant by a method such as reduced pressure filtration and then subjected to a process of concentration or drying. For example, the liquid crude extract may be a concentrated solution obtained by perforating reduced pressure concentration at 20 to 100° C., preferably 30 to 70° C. using a vacuum rotary concentrator, and a powdered extract may be obtained by drying the liquid extract. When necessary, the concentrated or powdered extract may be used by dissolving the extract in water, alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or a mixed solvent thereof.
In the present invention, the active ingredient may be a fraction of a plant extract.
In the present invention, the term “fraction” refers to a specific component or a group consisting of specific components separated from a mixture comprising various components by performing fractionation.
In the present invention, the fractionation method for obtaining the fraction is not particularly limited, and fractionation may be performed according to a method commonly used in the art. Non-limiting examples of the fractionation method comprise a method of obtaining a fraction from extracts by treating a predetermined solvent to plant extracts obtained by extracting a plant.
In the present invention, the kind of solvent used to obtain the traction is not particularly limited, and any solvent known in the art may be used. Non-limiting examples of the fractionation solvent comprise polar solvents such as water and alcohols; and non-polar solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, dichloromethane, and butanol. These solvents may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination. When an alcohol is used as the fractionation solvent, an alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms may be used.
In the present invention, the term “whitening effect” refers to lightening skin tone by inhibiting synthesis of melanin, inhibiting or preventing melanin deposition (hyperpigmentation), and suppressing occurrence of melasma and freckles due to UV rays, hormones, or heredity.
In the present invention, the term “skin regeneration effect” refers to recovery of skin tissues against damage caused by external and internal causes as the activity of skin stem cells is promoted. In this case, the damage caused by the external cause comprises ultraviolet rays, external pollutants, wounds, and trauma, and the damage caused by the internal cause comprises stress and the like.
In the present invention, the term “elasticity improvement effect” refers to alleviating the degree of sagging of the skin. In addition, the elasticity means maintaining the elasticity of the skin in a state in which elastin and collagen are sufficiently present.
In the present invention, the term “anti-wrinkle effect” refers to suppressing or inhibiting formation of wrinkles on the skin or alleviating already formed wrinkles.
In the present invention, the term “anti-inflammatory effect” refers to suppressing inflammation. Inflammation is a kind of defense mechanism of a living tissue against a certain stimulus and refers to a complex lesion associated with three responses: tissue deterioration, circulatory disturbance and exudation, and tissue proliferation. More specifically, inflammation is part of innate immunity, and as in other animals, human innate immunity recognizes patterns on the surface of cells that are specific to pathogens. Phagocytes recognize cells having such a surface as foreign cells and attack pathogens. When pathogens break through the body's physical barriers, an inflammatory response occurs. The inflammatory response is a non-specific defense action that creates a hostile environment for microorganisms that invade a wound site. In the inflammatory response, when a wound is formed or an external infectious agent enters the body, white blood cells responsible for the initial stage of the immune response penetrate the site of infection and express cytokines. Accordingly, the expression level of intracellular cytokines is an indicator of inflammatory response activation. Examples of skin diseases related to inflammation include atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, erythematous diseases triggered by radiation, chemicals, burns, etc., acid burn, bullous dermatosis, lichenoid-type diseases, itching caused by allergies, seborrheic eczema, rosacea, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, balanitis, inflammatory hair loss such as alopecia areata, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition to an anti-inflammatory effect, a cosmetic having an anti-inflammatory effect has a skin soothing effect.
In the present invention, the term “moisturizing effect” refers to increasing the moisture content of the skin, reducing the roughness of the skin, and keeping the skin moist. The “moisturizing effect” is related to maintaining the flexibility of the skin by supplying moisture to the skin or blocking evaporation of moisture from the skin and maintaining a smooth surface by inducing uniform exfoliation of dead skin cells. When the skin moisturizing effect is increased, skin elasticity may be increased, and skin wrinkles may be reduced.
In the present invention, the term “antioxidant effect” refers to inhibiting oxidation of cells by highly reactive free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by oxidative stress due to intracellular metabolism or ultraviolet rays. The “antioxidant effect” is associated with reducing cell damage by removing free radicals or reactive oxygen species.
In the present invention, the term “antibacterial effect” refers to ability to resist bacteria, and comprises all mechanisms performed to protect the human body from microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and yeast. In addition, in the present invention, the “antibacterial effect” may mean inhibiting growth of bacteria in the oral cavity, and the bacteria may be bacteria such as the Streptococcus genus and the Porphyromonas genus. Specifically, the bacteria may be selected from the group consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. 
In the present invention, the term “effective amount” or “comprising as an active ingredient” means an amount of extracts capable of exhibiting a whitening effect, promoting regeneration of damaged skin, reducing wrinkles, inhibiting inflammation, exhibiting a moisturizing effect, inhibiting or alleviating cell oxidation, or exhibiting a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria. When the composition of the present invention comprises an effective amount of the plant extracts, the composition may have a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a moisturizing effect, an anti-oxidative effect, and an antibacterial effect.
In a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition according to the present invention, based on a total weight of the cosmetic composition, the pharmaceutical composition, the skin external preparation, or the food composition, the plant extracts are preferably comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight.
The present invention provides a cosmetic composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients.
When the composition is used as a cosmetic composition, the composition may be prepared in the form of a general emulsified or solubilized formulation. For example, the composition may be formulated as skin tonics such as softening skin tonics or nourishing skin tonics; emulsions such as facial lotions or body lotions; creams such as nourishing creams, moisturizing creams, and eye creams; essences; makeup ointments; sprays; gels; packs; sunscreens; makeup bases; foundations such as liquid-type foundations, solid-type foundations, and spray-type foundations; powders; makeup removers such as cleansing creams, cleansing lotions, and cleansing oils; and detergents such as cleansing foams, soaps, and body washes.
In addition to the plant extracts, the cosmetic composition may comprise additives commonly used in the cosmetic field, such as fatty substances, organic solvents, solubilizers, thickeners, gelling agents, emollients, antioxidants, suspending agents, stabilizers, foaming agents, fragrances, surfactants, water, ionic emulsifiers, nonionic emulsifiers, fillers, sequestering agents, chelating agents, preservatives, vitamins, blocking agents, wetting agents, essential oils, dyes, pigments, hydrophilic active agents, lipophilic active agents, and lipid vesicles. The additives may comprise both natural additives and synthetic additives.
The natural additives refer to ingredients such as organic raw materials, plants and plant-derived raw materials, animals and animal-derived raw materials, minerals and mineral-derived raw materials, and water. For example, the natural additives comprise one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a moisturizer, a sunscreen, a neutralizer, a fragrance, a preservative, an antioxidant, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a film former, and a colorant.
In the present invention, the natural additive may be obtained from a natural product, may be obtained by simply modifying a natural product or a component derived from a natural product, or may comprise a component synthesized from among components derived from nature, and excludes a synthetic component synthesized by an artificial method rather than a component derived from nature.
For example, the natural raw material may mean a cosmetic raw material derived from nature that conforms to organic standards and eco-friendly certification standards determined by the country.
The eco-friendly certification standard is a certification standard for a composition composed of ingredients grown and processed in an environment-friendly manner, excluding a synthetic process. Representative eco-friendly certifications include Ecocert in France, Cosmos in Europe, US Department of Agriculture (USDA) in the US, Association of German Industries and Trading Firms (BDIH) in Germany, and Japanese Association of Standard (JAS) in Japan, and the like. In response to the recent demands of consumers who prefer eco-friendly products, various eco-friendly certification systems are being implemented in each country to certify the safety of ingredients or products. In the category of environmental certification, each country shows partial differences in the detailed numerical values and ranges but shows unity in the primary composition of raw materials and ingredients. Natural ingredients derived from nature are included in the category of eco-friendly organic ingredients. Other semi-processed ingredients are classified into Physically Processed Agro Ingredient (PPAI) and Chemically Processed Agro Ingredient (CPAI), and only raw materials that meet these standards are certified by Ecocert, Cosmos, or USDA.
In the present invention, organic raw materials and eco-friendly certified raw materials and ingredients determined by the government refer to cosmetic raw materials and compositions composed only of ingredients that comply with the organic standards and eco-friendly certification standards set by the government. For example, organic and eco-certified raw materials and ingredients consist only of ingredients that comply with the standards set by the Chinese government or organic and eco-friendly certification standards recognized in China.
In the present invention, the synthetic additive refers to a raw material that has been chemically synthesized rather than naturally derived.
When the plant extracts are formulated as a cosmetic, wash-off type cosmetics such as a makeup remover and a cleanser, characterized in that active ingredients stays on the skin within a short period of time, may comprise a relatively high concentration of the plant extracts. On the other hand, leave-on type cosmetics such as lotions, emulsions, creams, and essences, characterized in that active ingredients stay on the skin for a long time, may comprise a lower concentration of the plant extracts than the wash-off type cosmetics, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In a specific example of the present invention, based on a total weight of the composition, the composition may comprise the plant extracts in an amount of 0.0001 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.0001 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight. When the composition of the present invention comprise the plant extracts in an amount less than 0.0001 parts by weight, it is difficult to sufficiently express a skin whitening, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect. When the composition comprise the plant extracts in an amount exceeding 10 parts by weight, unwanted reaction such as allergies may occur, or problems related with skin safety may occur.
Preferably, each component comprised in the cosmetic composition according to the present invention may be comprised in the cosmetic composition of the present invention within a range that does not exceed the maximum amount stipulated in the “Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics” set by the Chinese government.
In addition, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients.
In the present invention, “pharmaceutical composition” may be used as a concept comprising the meaning of “quasi-drugs” or “drugs”.
In comprising embodiment, skin lightening may refer to prevention or treatment of skin hyperpigmentation, inflammation suppression or moisturizing may mean prevention or treatment of dry skin diseases comprising atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, and antioxidation may mean removal of reactive oxygen species.
The pharmaceutical composition may be prepared as a solution using an oil or aqueous medium as a solvent, may be prepared in the form of a suspension or emulsion, or may be prepared in the form of extracts, powder, granules, tablets, or capsules.
In addition, the composition may further comprise one or more active ingredients exhibiting the same or similar function. For example, the composition may comprisie known skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, antioxidant, and/or antibacterial ingredients. When the composition further comprise skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, anti-wrinkle, anti-inflammatory, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, antioxidant, and/or antibacterial ingredients, in the composition of the present invention, a skin whitening effect, a skin regeneration effect, an elasticity improvement effect, an anti-wrinkle effect, an anti-inflammatory effect, a skin soothing effect, a skin moisturizing effect, an antioxidative effect, and/or an antibacterial effect may be further improved. When adding the above ingredients, skin safety according to combined use, ease of formulation, and stability of active ingredients may be considered. In a specific example of the present invention, as skin whitening ingredients known in the art, the composition may further comprise one or more components selected from the group consisting of substances that inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity, such as kojic acid and arbutin; hydroquinone, vitamin-C, and derivatives thereof; and various plant extracts. The additional components may be comprised in an amount of 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight based on a total weight of the composition. In this case, the content range may be adjusted according to requirements such as skin safety and ease of formulation of the plant extracts.
In addition, the composition of the present invention may further comprise pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may contain various ingredients such as buffers, sterile water for injection, normal saline or phosphate buffered saline, sucrose, histidine, salts, and polysorbates.
The composition of the present invention may be administered via an oral or parenteral route. The composition may be administered in the form of a general pharmaceutical preparation. For example, in clinical administration, the composition may be administered in various oral and parenteral formulations. When the composition is formulated, the composition may be prepared using general diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, and surfactants.
Solid preparations for oral administration comprise tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, and the like. The solid preparation may be prepared by mixing one or more excipients selected from starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, and gelatin with the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
In addition to simple excipients, lubricants such as magnesium stearate talc are also used. Liquid formulations for oral administration comprise suspensions, oral solutions, emulsions, syrups, and the like. In addition to water and liquid paraffin, which are commonly used simple diluents, various excipients, for example, wetting agents, sweetening agents, fragrances, preservatives, and the like may be comprised.
Formulations for parenteral administration comprise sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, freeze-dried preparations, and suppositories. The non-aqueous solutions and the suspensions may comprise propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, and injectable esters such as ethyl oleate. As the bases of the suppositories, witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin, and the like may be used.
The effective amount of the plant extracts comprised in the composition of the present invention may vary depending on formulation of the composition, a method of applying the compound to the skin, and a length of time the compound stays on the skin. For example, when the composition is formulated into a pharmaceutical formulation, the composition may comprise a higher concentration of the plant extracts than when formulated as a cosmetic that is routinely applied to the skin. Accordingly, based on the amount of the plant extracts, a daily dose may be 0.1 to 100 mg/kg, preferably 30 to 80 mg/kg, more preferably 50 to 60 mg/kg, and the pharmaceutical formulation may be administered at a frequency of 1 to 6 administrations per day.
The composition of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, and methods using biological response modifiers.
In addition, the composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts of the present invention as active ingredients may be provided as a quasi-drug.
In the present invention, the “quasi-drug” comprises the plant extracts as active ingredients. In addition, when necessary, the “quasi-drug” may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, an excipient, or a diluent. As long as the effect of the present invention is not hindered, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient, or diluent may be used without particular limitation. For example, a tiller, an extender, a binder, a wetting agent, a disintegrant, a surfactant, a lubricant, a sweetening agent, a perfuming agent, or a preservative may be comprised, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
For example, the quasi-drug may be a disinfectant cleaner, a shower foam, an ointment, a wet tissue, a coating agent, and the like. The quasi-drug is preferably prepared as a semi-solid preparation such as an ointment for external use and a lotion, without being limited thereto. A method of formulating the quasi-drug, a method of using the same, and the dose and components thereof may be appropriately selected from conventional techniques known in the art.
In addition, the present invention provides a skin external preparation for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts as active ingredients.
When the plant extracts are used as a skin external preparation, the skin external preparation may further comprise fatty substances, organic solvents, solubilizers, thickening and gelling agents, emollients, antioxidants, suspending agents, stabilizers, foaming agents, fragrances, surfactants, water, ionic or non-ionic emulsifiers, fillers, sequestering agents and chelates agents, preservatives, vitamins, blockers, humectants, essential oils, dyes, pigments, hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents, lipid vesicles, or supplements commonly used for external preparations for skin in the field of dermatology. In addition, the above ingredients may be introduced in an amount generally used in the field of dermatology.
When the plant extracts are provided as a skin external preparation, the skin external preparation may be prepared in the form of an ointment, a patch, a gel, a cream, or a spray, without being limited thereto.
In addition, the present invention relates to a food composition for skin whitening, skin regeneration, elasticity improvement, wrinkle suppression, inflammation suppression, skin soothing, skin moisturizing, oxidation inhibition, and/or bacterial inhibition comprising the plant extracts.
When the plant extracts of the present invention are provided as a food composition, the composition may comprise food supplements in addition to active ingredients.
The food supplement means a component added to preserve food and is added to manufacture health functional food of each formulation. The food supplements may be appropriately selected and used by those skilled in the art. For example, the food supplements comprise various nutrients, vitamins, minerals (electrolytes), flavoring agents such as synthetic flavoring agents and natural flavoring agents, staining agents and fillers, pectic acid and salts thereof, alginic acid and salts thereof, organic acids, protective colloidal thickeners, pH regulators, stabilizers, preservatives, glycerin, alcohols, carbonating agent used in carbonated beverages, and the like, without being limited thereto.
In addition, the food composition may comprise a health functional food. In the present invention, the “health functional food” refers to a food group that allows the function of a food to be expressed to meet a specific purpose using a physical, biochemical, or bioengineering method, or a food designed and processed to sufficiently express body control functions related to biological defense rhythm control, disease prevention, and health recovery of the food composition. The health functional food has an active health maintenance or promotion effect compared to general food, and a health supplement food refers to a food intended for health supplement. In some cases, the terms functional food, health food, and dietary supplement are used interchangeably.
Specifically, the health functional food is a food prepared by adding the plant extracts of the present invention to food materials such as beverages, teas, spices, gum, and confectionery, or a food prepared by encapsulating, powdering, or suspension of the plant extracts of the present invention. When the health functional food is ingested, a specific health effect may be obtained. In particular, unlike general drugs, since the health functional food uses food as a raw material, there is an advantage in that there are no side effects that may occur when taking drugs for a long time.
The food may comprise food scientifically acceptable food supplement additives, and may further comprise carriers, excipients and diluents commonly used in manufacture of health functional foods.
Since the composition is commonly used in food compositions, the composition may comprise additional ingredients capable of improving odor, taste, visual, and the like. For example, the composition may comprise vitamins A, C, D, E, B1, B2, B6, and B12, niacin, biotin, folate, panthotenic acid, and the like. In addition, the composition may comprise minerals such as zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and chromium (Cr). In addition, the composition may comprise amino acids such as lysine, tryptophan, cysteine, and valine. The health functional food of the present invention may be prepared in various forms without any particular limitation, may comprise all foods in a conventional sense, and may be used interchangeably with terms known in the art, such as functional food.
In addition, according to selection of those skilled in the art, the health functional food of the present invention may be prepared by mixing other auxiliary ingredients that may be comprised in food and known additives. Examples of foods to which the health functional food of the present invention may be added comprise meat, sausage, bread, chocolate, candy, snacks, confectionery, pizza, ramen, other noodles, gums, dairy products comprising ice cream, various soups, beverages, tea, drinks, alcoholic beverages, and vitamin complexes. The health functional food may be added to juice, tea, jelly, and juice prepared by using the plant extracts of the present invention as a main component. In addition, the health functional food may be added to animal feed.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.


MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Preparation Example 1
Preparation of Plant Extracts
A 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added to the whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, fruits, flowers, shoots, branches, bark, sap, bulbils, or seeds of each of plants 1 to 112. At this time, the 70% aqueous ethanol solution was added in a volume corresponding to 20 times the mass of each plant tissue. Then, extraction was performed at room temperature for 3 days, and then filtration under reduced pressure was performed. Then, the filtered extracts were concentrated and dried using a rotary evaporator (Buchi, Switzerland) to prepare plant extracts.
Experimental Example 1
Effect of Reducing Total Amount of Melanin
After a sample was added to the culture medium of B-16 mouse melanoma cells, a whitening effect was confirmed by measuring the total amount of melanin at the cellular level (Lotan R., Lotan D. Cancer Res. 40:3345-3350, 1980). Before the experiment, toxicity evaluation was performed on mouse melanoma cells to select a concentration without toxicity, and then whitening evaluation was performed at the concentration.
The sample was added to the culture medium so that the final concentration is the treatment concentration shown in the table below. As a control, arbutin was added to the culture medium at a concentration of 200 ppm. B-16 melanoma cells treated with the sample or arbutin were cultured for 3 days.
Thereafter, the cells were removed from a culture vessel and centrifuged, 1 ml of sodium hydroxide solution (1N concentration) was added to the centrifuged cell pellet, heating was performed at 80° C. for 10 minutes to dissolve melanin, and using a spectrophotometer, absorbance at 400 nm was measured to measure the amount of melanin produced.
The amount of melanin was determined according to absorbance per unit cell number (1×106 cells). In addition, based on a non-addition control group, the relative total amount of melanin in the experimental group treated with each sample was calculated as inhibition rate (%), and the results are summarized in the table below.
Experimental Example 2
Effect of Promoting Synthesis of Type I Collagen in Human-Derived Fibroblasts
Each sample was added to the culture medium of human-derived fibroblasts to confirm the effect of promoting synthesis of type I collagen at the cellular level. Measurement of synthesized collagen was quantified using a Procollagen Type I C-Peptide Enzyme Immuno Assay KIT (PICP ETA kit). To measure the amount of synthesized collagen, each sample was added to a fibroblast culture medium (DMEM culture medium). After cell culture for 48 hours, the culture medium was taken, and the degree of synthesis of type I collagen at each concentration was measured at 450 nm using a spectrophotometer using the PICP ETA kit.
For comparison of the effects, a collagen synthesis level was measured in the same manner for the culture medium of untreated fibroblasts (negative control) and a sample (positive control) to which TGFb was added to a final concentration of 10 ppb. A collagen production increase rate was calculated as the ratio of relative collagen production to the negative control group, and the results are shown in the table below.
Experimental Example 3
NO Generation Inhibitory Effect
To check the anti-inflammatory effect and skin trouble alleviation effect of each sample, an experiment was conducted to evaluate inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) formation by the GRIESS method using the RAW264.7 cell line (ATCC number: CRL-2278).
Specifically, RAW264.7 cells, which are macrophages of mice, were subcultured several times, and the cells were seeded at a cell density of 3×105 cells per well in a 24-well plate, followed by cell culture for 24 hours. Then, the final concentration was replaced with the diluted cell medium as shown in the table below. At this time, as a positive control, the cells were treated with L-NG-monomethylarginine (L-NMMA), a NO-production inhibitor, to a final concentration of 5 ppm and cultured for 30 minutes. Then, the cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a stimulus at a concentration of 1 μg/ml and cultured for 24 hours. 100 μl of the supernatant was transferred to a 96-well plate, 100 μl of a GRIESS solution was added thereto, and then reaction was performed at room temperature for 10 minutes. Then, absorbance at 540 nm was measured, and the NO inhibitory effect of each sample was determined based on the absorbance, and the results are shown in the table below.
Experimental Example 4
Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Synthesis Enhancement
Human-derived fibroblasts (human dermal fibroblasts) cultured in a DMEM culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum at a cell density of 1×105 cells/mL, and 500 μl of the cell culture medium was added to each well of a 24-well plate. After incubation for 18 hours, the samples were diluted with a DMEM culture medium without fetal bovine serum, and each sample was added at the following concentrations. As a positive control, epidermal growth factor (EGF), which is known to promote hyaluronic acid production, was added at a concentration of 10 ppb. After incubation for 24 hours, the cell culture medium was recovered, and the concentration of hyaluronic acid was measured using a Hyaluronan ELISA kit (R&D Systems).
In addition, based on the hyaluronic acid concentration (100%) of a non-addition control group, the hyaluronic acid concentrations of the experimental groups treated with each sample were quantified, and the results are shown in the following table.
Experimental Example 5
Antioxidant Effect—Free Radical Scavenging Rate
To confirm antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging activity was measured using DPPH. DPPH was purchased from Sigma Co., Ltd. (USA). First, a standard DPPH ethanol solution with a concentration of 1.5 mM (0.06 mg/ml) was prepared. Then, ethanol was added to each extract and ascorbic acid as a reference material, which is known as an antioxidant, to prepare samples at a concentration of 0.1%, and serial dilution was performed. Then, the sample and the standard DPPH solution were added in the same ratio and stirred, followed by reaction at 37° C. for 30 minutes. Then, absorbance was measured at 517 nm. At this time, addition of ethanol instead of the sample was used as a control. Free radical scavenging ability was measured by calculating IC50, which is half maximal inhibitory concentration, and the results are shown in the following table. IC50 is a general method of expressing free radical scavenging ability as the concentration of ascorbic acid and extract required to remove 50% of free radicals of a non-addition control group.
Experimental Example 6
Antibacterial Effect—Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Measurement Method
MICs were measured for fermented cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger. 
MIC measurement for Staphylococcus aureus was performed using Mueller Hinton broth, an optimal culture medium, at a bacterial concentration of 106 CFU/mL at 37° C. for 24 hours. MIC measurement for Aspergillus niger was performed using potato dextrose broth at a bacterial concentration of 105 CFU/mL at 30° C. for 48 hours. The serial dilution method was used for both bacteria, and the MIC of fermentation culture was confirmed by visually comparing the turbidity between wells after the incubation was completed.
The minimum inhibitory concentration of each extract was expressed as % (w/v), and MIC (%) in each table means % (w/v) unless otherwise stated.
Experimental Example 7
Antibacterial Effect Against Bacteria Causing Dental Caries and Periodontitis
Antibacterial activity experiment was performed to confirm the preventive or therapeutic effect on dental caries and periodontitis of each sample. To confirm the effect of inhibiting the growth of oral pathogens, an antibacterial activity test was conducted by using the paper disc test method using Streptococcus mutans, a representative bacterium that causes dental caries, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative bacterium that causes periodontal diseases.
After increasing the activity of each oral pathogen under the optimal culture conditions shown in the table below, each pathogen was cultured in an optimal medium for about 4 to 6 hours so that the turbidity of the culture medium was set to Macfarland turbidity No. 0.5 (1.5×108), and then 0.1 ml of each oral pathogen was spread evenly on a plate medium. Thereafter, each sample was added at a concentration of 10 mg/disc and left for 1 hour for absorption drying. Then, each oral pathogen was cultured at the optimum temperature for 24 to 48 hours, and then the size (diameter, mm) of a growth inhibition ring was measured.








TABLE 1







Strain
Optimum conditions











Gram


Culture



staining
Strain name
Temperature
medium
Traits





Gram (+)
Streptococcus
37° C.
BHI
Facultative



mutans


anaerobic


Gram (−)
Porphyromonas
37° C.
TSA Hemin
Anaerobic



gingivalis

Menadione





medium









Example 1
Island Thistle















TABLE 2












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria









(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







Anti-

Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.

English
oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control group



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated







7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%




1
Island thistle

Cirsium nipponicum
Island thistle









(Maxim) Makino







Comparative
Thistle
50
Cirsium Japonicum

4.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
8.5
8.1


Example





MIC (%) Fungi: 2




1-1
Whole plant
2


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.9
15.1




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








1-2
Roots
2


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.9
19.5




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








1-3
Stems
2


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.1
16.1




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








1-4
Leaves
2


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.8
17.9




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








1-5
Fruits
2


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.8
19.0




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125






50








1-6
Flowers
2


0.97
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
11.1
8.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625






50























TABLE 3











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






Anti-

Size of growth
Size of growth






oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




1
Island thistle
Cirsium nipponicum
Island thistle








(Maxim.) Makino







Comparative
Thistle
Cirsium Japonicum

4.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
8.5
8.1


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




1-1
Whole plant


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.9
15.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




1-2
Roots


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.9
19.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




1-3
Stems


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.1
16.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




1-4
Leaves


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.8
17.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




1-5
Fruits


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.8
19.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




1-6
Flowers


0.97
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
11.1
8.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 2
Deodeok















TABLE 4










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.

English
Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)



group



35%
25%
28%
320%


2
Deodeok

Codonopsis
Deodeok









lanceolata







Comparative
Pilose
50
Codonopsis

98.81
2.34
2.64
10.34


Example
asiabell

Pilosula







2-1
Whole
2


36.56
15.55
25.86
376.57



plant
10


33.66
25.01
32.54
498.43




50


25.39
39.40
34.86
654.56


2-2
Roots
2


47.81
11.58
10.16
10.77




10


41.70
14.34
13.68
59.86




50


31.62
15.96
14.78
66.59


2-3
Stems
2


37.26
14.59
25.93
380.41




10


32.92
29.14
29.48
483.35




50


23.76
35.25
34.03
629.94


2-4
Leaves
2


35.40
19.24
26.68
298.83




10


27.43
29.68
27.53
557.21




50


22.63
35.74
35.11
763.79


2-5
Fruits
2


39.94
12.90
21.47
213.22




10


29.09
28.83
32.19
512.23




50


24.11
35.27
35.73
763.76


2-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
20.36
287.30




10


27.81
20.40
31.74
557.13




50


20.01
30.11
38.08
642.15























TABLE 5











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)








Size of growth
Size of growth





English
Anti-oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




2
Deodeok
Codonopsis lanceolata
Deodeok






Comparative
Pilose
Codonopsis Pilosula

6.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
11.1
13.2


Example
asiabell



MIC (%) Fungi: 2




2-1
Whole


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
16.2
17.7



plant



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




2-2
Roots


1.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
23.3
25.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




2-3
Stems


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
13.4
22.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




2-4
Leaves


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.6
13.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




2-5
Fruits


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.3
8.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




2-6
Flowers


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.6
21.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 3
Ulleung Goldenrod















TABLE 6












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.

English
Melanin
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)



group



35%
25%
28%
320%


3
Ulleung

Solidago
Ulleung







goldenrod

virgaurea subsp.
goldenrod









Gigantea







Comparative
Canadian
50
Solidago

61.25
10.02
2.68
52.64


Example 1
goldenrod

Canadensis







Comparative
European
50
Solidago

45.27
8.11
10.77
150.44


Example 2
goldenrod

virgaurea var.








(Whole plant)

leiocarpa







3-1
Whole
2


34.61
10.91
20.78
207.09



plant
10


32.89
20.92
30.81
595.19




50


23.81
37.93
36.47
722.54


3-2
Roots
2


37.54
18.92
25.58
276.27




10


28.83
28.31
29.70
503.07




50


22.82
33.63
34.58
645.75


3-3
Stems
2


34.86
11.15
26.42
275.04




10


33.33
26.25
30.85
425.87




50


25.32
37.04
36.02
697.23


3-4
Leaves
2


39.29
11.33
23.72
394.14




10


27.03
24.44
28.91
544.89




50


21.20
34.94
38.52
797.78


3-5
Fruits
2


37.20
11.05
25.04
200.97




10


32.63
24.53
28.92
580.65




50


20.88
35.86
35.27
665.67


3-6
Flowers
2


39.98
11.13
23.18
334.25




10


29.18
24.37
33.37
481.45




50


24.68
36.84
38.81
777.36
























TABLE 7












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria









(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







Anti-

Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.

English
oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group



7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%




3
Ulleung

Solidago virgaurea
Ulleung







goldenrod

subsp. Gigantea
goldenrod






Comparative
Canadian
50
Solidago Canadensis

2.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.1
11.8


Example 1
goldenrod




MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Comparative
European
50
Solidago virgaurea

2.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.8
8.7


Example 2
goldenrod

var. leiocarpa


MIC (%) Fungi: 1





(Whole plant)









3-1
Whole
2


0.48
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
22.5
19.0



plant
10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








3-2
Roots
2


0.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.0
19.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








3-3
Stems
2


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.3
9.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








3-4
Leaves
2


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
15.7
16.7




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








3-5
Fruits
2


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
9.3
10.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








3-6
Flowers
2


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.7
24.6




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125






50









Example 5
Ulleungdo Aster















TABLE 8










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.

English
Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)



group



35%
25%
28%
320%


5
Ulleungdo

Aster glehnii
Ulleungdo







aster


aster






Comparative
Ulleungdo
50
Aster glehnii

62.23
10.42
15.02
100.64


Example
aster (other










area)









Comparative
Aster
50
Aster Yomena

80.76
4.98
5.25
34.82


Example










5-1
Whole
2


37.51
17.34
25.80
205.45



plant
10


33.86
20.38
32.44
491.79




50


24.66
33.77
35.69
707.09


5-2
Roots
2


34.29
11.39
25.14
259.24




10


28.36
20.40
33.28
593.29




50


21.69
38.01
34.59
789.90


5-3
Stems
2


37.98
15.13
26.97
270.31




10


30.32
28.50
27.89
595.08




50


26.82
38.84
37.02
641.95


5-4
Leaves
2


35.03
11.77
25.97
284.00




10


32.94
23.15
30.73
590.13




50


26.26
34.57
34.14
635.28


5-5
Fruits
2


36.86
10.66
24.47
367.08




10


28.05
29.31
31.71
445.51




50


20.93
37.37
39.03
706.53


5-6
Flowers
2


39.75
18.42
25.85
345.91




10


30.29
27.07
27.96
437.49




50


20.43
39.22
36.45
724.41


5-7
Shoots
2


38.47
12.97
25.43
210.57




10


33.77
24.93
33.53
424.05




50


22.20
31.37
36.67
696.15























TABLE 9











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






Anti-

Size of growth
Size of growth





English
oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




5
Ulleungdo
Aster glehnii
Ulleungdo







aster

aster






Comparative
Ulleungdo
Aster glehnii

2.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
16.7
16.0


Example
aster (other



MIC (%) Fungi: 1





area)








Comparative
Aster
Aster Yomena

3.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
13.1
19.0


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: >2




5-1
Whole


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.6
27.5



plant



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




5-2
Roots


0.02
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.8
20.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




5-3
Stems


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.9
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




5-4
Leaves


0.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
13.1
13.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




5-5
Fruits


0.54
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.9
14.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




5-6
Flowers


0.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
8.7
9.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




5-7
Shoots


0.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
23.3
17.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1









Example 6
Myeongyi















TABLE 10










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


6
Myeongyi

Allium victorialis
Myeongyi






Comparative
Garlic
50
Allium Sativum

77.95
14.24
 3.05
 73.76


Example










6-1
Whole plant
2


38.45
10.95
20.51
388.28




10


28.60
20.61
27.05
582.69




50


23.93
34.76
38.02
623.48


6-2
Roots
2


35.97
17.15
26.52
400.58




10


33.95
21.18
33.24
507.00




50


26.51
31.11
37.38
660.75


6-3
Stems
2


39.12
10.26
26.27
209.64




10


28.79
28.91
31.09
559.99




50


25.94
33.37
35.71
702.71


6-4
Leaves
2


36.64
17.53
23.66
219.80




10


33.92
25.20
31.66
543.26




50


25.64
30.77
35.10
626.32


6-5
Fruits
2


39.58
18.69
25.04
255.24




10


30.50
20.97
30.88
595.46




50


23.75
36.64
35.69
659.26


6-6
Flowers
2


34.07
13.61
22.05
296.84




10


30.33
27.69
31.21
419.24




50


26.90
36.98
37.68
689.02























TABLE 11











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




6
Myeongyi
Allium victorialis
Myeongyi






Comparative
Garlic
Allium Sativum

3.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
11.1
12.9


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 1




6-1
Whole plant


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.9
19.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




6-2
Roots


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
12.8
13.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




6-3
Stems


0.18
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.0
14.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




6-4
Leaves


0.36
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
16.8
14.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




6-5
Fruits


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.3
24.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




6-6
Flowers


0.44
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
12.5
16.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 7
Aging Chive















TABLE 12











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizng




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


7
Aging chive

Allium senescens
Aging chive






Comparative
Chive
50
Allium Tuberosum

52.06
15.42
 7.68
 79.87


Example










7-1
Whole plant
2


38.07
16.08
24.27
379.52




10


28.44
27.62
27.63
501.87




50


23.58
30.75
34.13
642.80


7-2
Roots
2


34.62
15.86
21.97
226.89




10


30.32
21.09
30.44
424.33




50


26.68
32.52
36.80
703.68


7-4
Leaves
2


35.78
11.69
31.38
181.63




10


28.40
15.26
41.36
274.64




50


25.55
19.15
56.99
487.67


7-5
Fruits
2


37.02
16.53
22.76
236.69




10


27.93
28.95
32.32
473.43




50


22.03
33.68
38.05
723.11


7-6
Flowers
2


27.84
13.05
21.47
300.18




10


18.26
20.55
31.58
514.97




50


12.01
36.51
39.51
800.56























TABLE 13











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




7
Aging chive
Allium senescens
Aging chive






Comparative
Chive
Allium Tuberosum

2.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
9.6
8.9


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




7-1
Whole plant


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
19.6
22.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




7-2
Roots


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
9.1
8.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




7-4
Leaves


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
22.1
22.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




7-5
Fruits


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0,5
10.6
8.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




7-6
Flowers


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
14.9
19.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06









Example 8
Silvery Mountain Ash















TABLE 14











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


8
Silvery mountain

Sorbus commixta
Silvery mountain







ash


ash






Comparative
Wild pear tree
50
Sorbus alnifolia

61.11
 9.55
 4.08
 95.25


Example










Comparative
Silvery mountain
50
Sorbus commixta

49.03
16.63
10.63
268.61


Example
ash (other area)









8-1
Whole plant
2


36.68
10.84
25.91
274.89




10


27.35
26.63
27.92
438.35




50


25.28
33.84
38.79
643.28


8-2
Roots
2


37.44
17.33
24.72
269.07




10


28.07
22.13
30.59
441.39




50


20.83
31.53
37.60
733.14


8-3
Bark
2


38.20
13.91
22.84
253.50




10


31.60
27.09
32.36
494.36




50


21.43
34.05
37.10
671.99


8-4
Leaves
2


39.72
10.26
24.92
400.91




10


29.63
22.21
33.55
424.09




50


25.41
34.91
36.93
691.17


8-5
Fruits
2


37.10
14.75
26.59
256.05




10


32.15
23.88
27.51
527.60




50


23.86
32.74
37.12
686.07


8-6
Flowers
2


39.86
13.29
25.14
235.83




10


28.03
29.53
28.17
427.91




50


20.48
34.30
37.28
796.52


8-7
Branches
2


38.43
15.83
25.15
244.29




10


28.89
28.37
30.50
578.10




50


23.06
35.87
37.94
764.41























TABLE 15











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




8
Silvery mountain
Sorbus commixta
Silvery







ash

mountain ash






Comparative
Wild pear tree
Sorbus alnifolia

3.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
0.0
0.0


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Comparative
Silvery mountain
Sorbus commixta

1.06
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.6
8.8


Example
ash (other area)



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




8-1
Whole plant


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.8
18.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




8-2
Roots


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.0
11.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




8-3
Bark


0.30
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
21.8
21.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




8-4
Leaves


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.4
16.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




8-5
Fruits


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.3
27.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




8-6
Flowers


0.86
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
17.1
20.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06




8-7
Branches


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.2
21.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 10
Wild Chervil















TABLE 16











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


10
Wild chervil

Anthriscus sylvestris
Wild chervil






Comparative
Chervil
50
Anthriscus Cerefolium

65.80
 5.45
 6.44
 45.59


Example










10-1
Whole plant
2


37.81
17.65
23.37
394.44




10


27.02
21.45
27.51
553.58




50


23.67
34.67
35.97
632.62


10-2
Roots
2


31.87
11.64
22.77
241.74




10


27.06
22.16
33.74
402.96




50


21.94
39.19
35.10
644.03


10-3
Stems
2


34.76
18.48
26.38
399.00




10


30.08
28.90
28.71
600.83




50


22.10
38.32
37.78
613.72


10-4
Leaves
2


37.30
11.84
25.46
380.25




10


28.82
29.39
28.65
523.39




50


28.89
37.22
34.90
723.91


10-5
Fruits
2


34.52
12.18
23.94
360.97




10


29.50
28.36
30.47
409.65




50


23.11
31.53
39.49
718.16


10-6
Flowers
2


39.02
12.16
25.41
334.85




10


28.90
26.24
31.70
415.00




50


26.56
35.25
38.01
725.14























TABLE 17











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




10
Wild chervil
Anthriscus
Wild chervil








sylvestris







Comparative
Chervil
Anthriscus

3.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2
9.5
8.1


Example

Cerefolium







10-1
Whole plant


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25
20.4
18.9


10-2
Roots


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
13.5
14.6


10-3
Stems


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
27.9
25.6


10-4
Leaves


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria; 0.5, Fungi: 0.125
26.4
22.8


10-5
Fruits


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
8.1
13.5


10-6
Flowers


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.7
14.6









Example 11
Giant Knotweed















TABLE 18











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


11
Giant Knotweed

Fallopia sachalinensis
Giant Knotweed






11-1
Whole plant
2


59.68
11.66
21.01
387.34




10


31.07
21.49
28.05
428.82




50


24.89
37.23
36.38
650.06


11-2
Roots
2


37.83
10.41
15.84
214.49




10


29.15
21.60
26.64
530.09




50


26.87
32.10
28.28
639.00


11-3
Stems
2


36.28
17.19
22.76
279.70




10


27.78
22.50
29.33
505.63




50


24.85
34.45
38.58
678.94


11-4
Leaves
2


34.94
18.84
17.72
341.25




10


30.33
20.37
27.18
576.23




50


25.03
32.53
30.71
668.77


11-5
Fruits
2


36.97
18.82
15.32
254.31




10


29.51
21.90
26.35
484.44




50


25.87
33.63
30.42
800.32


11-6
Flowers
2


36.34
13.90
23.72
315.29




10


30.06
29.19
32.24
488.00




50


20.16
35.56
36.27
712.56























TABLE 19











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




11
Giant Knotweed
Fallopia
Giant








sachalinensis
Knotweed






11-1
Whole plant


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25
14.4
12.2


11-2
Roots


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
9.8
9.2


11-3
Stems


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
12.3
11.3


11-4
Leaves


0.10
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
23.0
25.3


11-5
Fruits


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
11.3
8.8


11-6
Flowers


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
12.8
15.0









Example 12
Mono Maple















TABLE 20











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


12
Mono maple

Acer pictum
Mono maple






Comparative
Maple
50
Acer Saccharum
Sugar Maple
70.79
 9.64
 3.41
 75.42


Example










12-1
Whole plant
2


35.24
13.80
26.11
243.88




10


27.75
21.80
33.43
550.99




50


25.33
31.77
37.13
643.20


12-2
Roots
2


35.39
17.80
26.93
215.59




10


29.91
29.57
31.84
423.71




50


23.03
35.14
39.54
755.21


12-3
Stems
2


38.18
19.84
25.31
367.01




10


30.15
22.37
33.55
485.49




50


26.78
34.90
37.67
620.17


12-4
Leaves
2


36.31
14.39
21.89
327.34




10


33.74
22.68
30.11
458.76




50


24.72
32.20
37.51
642.40


12-5
Fruits
2


38.27
14.80
24.19
279.00




10


28.81
22.96
32.62
557.16




50


22.25
38.03
38.01
671.92


12-6
Flowers
2


37.68
13.94
26.62
226.58




10


28.40
20.88
33.40
434.92




50


21.51
38.30
38.72
722.56


12-7
Sap
2


38.21
10.94
25.49
395.96




10


30.70
27.21
32.47
540.47




50


26.28
34.24
37.18
662.98























TABLE 21











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




12
Mono maple
Acer pictum
Mono maple






Comparative
Maple
Acer Saccharum
Sugar Maple
1.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
10.3
8.9


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




12-1
Whole plant


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0,5
24.6
23.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




12-2
Roots


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.1
27.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




12-3
Stems


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.4
12.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




12-4
Leaves


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
23.1
27.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




12-5
Fruits


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.9
11.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




12-6
Flowers


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
23.1
12.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




12-7
Sap


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.4
26.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 13
Ulleungdo Ladyfern















TABLE 22











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


13
Ulleungdo

Athyrium
Ulleungdo







ladyfern

acutipinnulum
ladyfern






13-1
Whole plant
2


35.20
10.14
23.14
361.62




10


28.32
23.20
29.45
563.53




50


26.99
31.14
34.98
639.02


13-2
Roots
2


38.10
16.81
25.76
366.29




10


30.22
20.33
28.06
526.26




50


20.81
35.25
35.77
698.90


13-3
Stems
2


38.42
18.18
23.02
242.99




10


33.26
26.68
30.38
512.00




50


21.47
34.54
39.37
726.00


13-4
Leaves
2


37.84
18.20
26.33
265.80




10


33.65
26.72
33.73
507.92




50


21.22
38.69
37.98
702.42























TABLE 23











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeiuginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




13
Ulleungdo
Athyrium
Ulleungdo







ladyfern
acutipinnulum
ladyfern






13-1
Whole plant


0.92
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.4
18.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




13-2
Roots


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.2
15.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




13-3
Stems


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
13.2
14.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




13-4
Leaves


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
12.7
14.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 14
Wild Wasabi















TABLE 24











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


14
Wild wasabi

Wasabia japonica
Wild wasabi






14-1
Whole plant
2


35.18
12.15
26.01
354.70




10


32.28
25.75
29.52
572.56




50


23.12
32.46
38.97
691.59


14-2
Roots
2


34.08
17.46
22.04
328.75




10


32.61
25.85
31.88
428.89




50


20.82
37.85
35.63
789.50


14-3
Stems
2


39.68
19.43
22.97
314.61




10


33.77
28.64
31.00
487.16




50


26.86
34.38
35.05
636.91


14-4
Leaves
2


34.12
18.73
24.89
265.98




10


30.48
29.53
32.04
575.39




50


26.31
31.22
34.50
759.63


14-5
Fruits
2


34.30
14.83
25.50
230.84




10


33.86
22.03
32.66
449.33




50


22.44
37.72
37.47
768.96


14-6
Flowers
2


37.74
14.83
24.21
266.20




10


27.39
22.03
31.29
499.43




50


21.64
37.72
37.27
765.75























TABLE 25











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


14
Wild
Wasabia
Wild



wasabi
japonica
wasabi


14-1
Whole plant


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.8
8.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125


14-2
Roots


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
12.8
14.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625


14-3
Stems


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.1
13.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125


14-4
Leaves


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
27.9
21.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125


14-5
Fruits


0.02
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
15.5
8.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125


14-6
Flowers


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
16.0
12.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 15
Yellow Mongolian Snakegourd















TABLE 26












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


15
Yellow

Trichosanthes
Yellow



Mongolian

kirilowii
Mongolian



snakegourd


snakegourd


Compar-
Snake
50
Trichosanthes
Shake
66.95
4.44
 2.14
 53.86


ative
gourd

Cucumerina
gourd


Example


Compar-
Yellow
50


45.93
9.03
13.82
194.00


ative
Mongolian


Example
snakegourd



(other area)


15-1
Whole plant
2


35.80
17.08
22.73
267.84




10


30.80
21.87
29.58
511.44




50


23.06
35.88
37.35
638.89


15-2
Roots
2


36.13
11.89
26.42
360.15




10


31.31
26.10
29.76
408.58




50


25.67
33.81
37.26
607.40


15-3
Stems
2


35.44
10.74
22.17
275.00




10


32.51
20.34
27.22
452.01




50


20.11
36.15
36.19
643.27


15-4
Leaves
2


37.49
14.50
26.48
373.49




10


27.21
28.93
33.56
576.12




50


25.29
37.16
38.71
696.96


15-5
Fruits
2


34.58
19.98
21.13
245.22




10


33.69
29.38
31.64
547.50




50


22.01
39.65
36.13
741.23


15-6
Flowers
2


39.06
15.76
23.17
212.73




10


32.26
28.48
29.66
508.65




50


23.44
37.03
37.41
622.40























TABLE 27











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


15
Yellow
Trichosanthes
Yellow



Mongolian
kirilowii
Mongolian



snakegourd

snakegourd


Compar-
Snake
Trichosanthes
Shake
3.24
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
 8.9
9.6


ative
gourd
Cucumerina
gourd

Fungi: 1


Example


Compar-
Yellow


2.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
12.1
11.8


ative
Mongolian



Fungi: 1


Example
snakegourd



(other area)


15-1
Whole plant


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
19.0
18.9







Fungi: 0.125


15-2
Roots


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
12.1
13.1







Fungi: 0.125


15-3
Stems


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
21.5
10.8







Fungi: 0.5


15-4
Leaves


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
12.9
20.0







Fungi: 1


15-5
Fruits


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
16.4
9.2







Fungi: 0.5


15-6
Flowers


0.48
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
24.3
24.5







Fungi: 0.25









Example 16
Pungdo Solomon's Seal















TABLE 28












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


16
Pungdo

Polygonatum
Pungdo



solomon's

odoratum
solomon's



seal


seal


Compar-
Solomon's
50
Polygonatum

67.65
15.62
 2.18
 38.60


ative
seal

Officinale


Example


16-1
Whole plant
2


37.85
16.85
20.23
322.89




10


28.02
25.19
28.22
583.88




50


24.42
38.61
37.58
700.87


16-2
Roots
2


38.18
15.81
20.55
264.71




10


33.87
15.14
24.42
326.80




50


31.39
27.59
27.62
493.86


16-3
Stems
2


35.94
18.27
23.63
211.64




10


31.14
25.63
30.87
555.83




50


20.29
33.29
37.47
792.53


16-4
Leaves
2


35.15
15.01
20.87
391.90




10


28.15
20.87
32.69
446.94




50


21.57
31.25
36.47
606.81


16-5
Fruits
2


36.65
10.37
26.18
237.45




10


29.90
28.16
30.74
537.46




50


20.10
35.81
36.98
609.72


16-6
Flowers
2


38.80
12.43
20.13
235.88




10


36.17
18.65
26.23
384.95




50


28.88
29.62
30.19
432.12























TABLE 29











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


16
Pungdo
Polygonatum
Pungdo



solomon's
odoratum
solomon's



seal

seal


Compar-
Solomon's
Polygonatum

2.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
9.5
9.5


ative
seal
Officinale


Fungi: >2


Example


16-1
Whole plant


0.05
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
19.6
21.6







Fungi: 0.25


16-2
Roots


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
9.8
10.2







Fungi: 0.5


16-3
Stems


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
17.0
14.6







Fungi: 0.25


16-4
Leaves


0.68
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
19.3
25.7







Fungi: 0.5


16-5
Fruits


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
9.2
9.8







Fungi: 0.25


16-6
Flowers


1.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
12.3
11.5







Fungi: 0.25









Example 17
Songak















TABLE 30












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


17
Songak

Hedera
Songak





rhombea


Compar-
Ivy
50
Hedera
IVY
75.07
12.30
 5.61
 69.05


ative


Helix


Example


17-1
Whole plant
2


39.70
13.18
25.95
384.76




10


34.03
16.74
33.68
533.11




50


30.20
26.66
35.29
630.99


17-2
Roots
2


34.73
14.66
26.78
363.91




10


27.47
26.35
33.73
557.23




50


22.11
39.47
38.77
747.46


17-3
Stems
2


35.28
19.96
23.79
292.85




10


33.57
21.59
26.44
451.96




50


21.01
36.37
27.76
675.93


17-4
Leaves
2


37.81
10.90
20.04
327.85




10


27.26
23.01
24.58
453.75




50


21.00
34.21
28.03
652.23


17-5
Fruits
2


34.71
18.38
25.58
340.23




10


33.71
27.23
32.03
432.18




50


20.61
36.10
36.33
755.89


17-6
Flowers
2


39.56
10.48
25.40
295.11




10


32.14
27.90
31.89
547.33




50


22.92
37.56
36.88
756.04























TABLE 31











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


17
Songak
Hedera
Songak




rhombea


Compar-
Ivy
Hedera
IVY
3.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2,
0.0
0.0


ative

Helix


Fungi: >2


Example


17-1
Whole plant


1.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
9.7
8.6







Fungi: 0.25


17-2
Roots


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
8.7
8.7







Fungi: 0.5


17-3
Stems


1.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
7.2
10.6







Fungi: 0.25


17-4
Leaves


1.06
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
12.2 
12.7







Fungi: 0.5


17-5
Fruits


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
9.3
11.0







Fungi: 1


17-6
Flowers


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625,
8.2
9.9







Fungi:









Example 18
Ulleungdo Sweet Violet















TABLE 32












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


18
Ulleungdo

Viola
Ulleungdo



sweet

woosanensis
sweet



violet


violet


Compar-
Violet
50
Viola

69.26
 8.30
 3.84
 50.72


ative


Mandshurica


Example


18-1
Whole plant
2


34.87
10.56
26.39
212.88




10


33.86
24.79
28.63
508.12




50


24.44
34.91
38.68
749.46


18-2
Roots
2


37.62
18.59
24.06
323.53




10


31.95
20.58
27.71
568.50




50


24.77
38.02
38.25
721.49


18-3
Stems
2


35.35
18.71
26.57
390.60




10


30.90
29.76
32.70
547.48




50


22.54
31.26
38.74
742.86


18-4
Leaves
2


38.50
17.40
21.87
357.39




10


29.13
29.08
29.15
416.77




50


21.22
35.01
39.57
707.45


18-5
Fruits
2


39.87
10.46
23.24
365.58




10


28.73
26.11
29.69
505.28




50


22.21
38.83
34.40
611.69


18-6
Flowers
2


35.79
19.49
22.75
248.41




10


29.87
25.59
27.75
403.78




50


22.64
35.81
37.27
756.55























TABLE 33











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


18
Ulleungdo
Viola
Ulleungdo



sweet
woosanensis
sweet



violet

violet


Compar-
Violet
Viola

5.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
11.5
 9.3


ative

Mandshurica


Fungi: 2


Example


18-1
Whole plant


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
21.5
17.5







Fungi: 0.25


18-2
Roots


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
13.9
13.6







Fungi: 1


18-3
Stems


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
21.5
14.9







Fungi: 0.5


18-4
Leaves


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
13.6
24.0







Fungi: 0.25


18-5
Fruits


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
18.2
14.1







Fungi: 0.5


18-6
Flowers


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
17.3
11.6







Fungi: 0.5









Example 19
Korean Bellflower















TABLE 34












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


19
Korean

Campanula
Korean



bellflower

takesimana
bellflower


Compar-
Bellflower
50
Campanula

57.17
10.93
 2.02
 81.77


ative


punctata


Example


19-1
Whole plant
2


36.28
14.05
24.36
372.27




10


29.14
27.50
32.48
566.92




50


20.91
33.70
37.44
671.09


19-2
Roots
2


38.31
18.87
24.89
298.71




10


28.06
26.72
29.80
413.73




50


24.92
38.86
39.07
715.15


19-3
Stems
2


39.06
14.19
25.57
373.82




10


28.25
23.81
33.04
403.43




50


23.95
31.38
36.25
758.71


19-4
Leaves
2


36.07
12.77
22.81
305.58




10


29.29
27.83
29.52
470.42




50


23.15
35.33
34.43
763.66


19-5
Fruits
2


35.03
12.93
21.38
326.18




10


32.89
24.26
32.29
506.96




50


24.04
32.28
34.07
625.68


19-6
Flowers
2


35.53
16.85
21.71
257.53




10


32.44
21.94
29.23
533.07




50


23.25
38.09
37.03
752.50























TABLE 35











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


19
Korean
Campanula
Korean



bellflower
takesimana
bellflower


Compar-
Bellflower
Campanula

9.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/
10.9
11.3


ative

punctata


Fungi: 2


Example


19-1
Whole plant


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/
26.2
16.3







Fungi: 1


19-2
Roots


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
9.2
20.7







Fungi: 0.5


19-3
Stems


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
15.1
12.8







Fungi: 0.5


19-4
Leaves


0.1 
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
19.9
22.2







Fungi: 0.5


19-5
Fruits


0.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
9.9
22.0







Fungi: 1


19-6
Flowers


0.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
26.9
26.0







Fungi: 0.25









Example 20
Ulleungdo Turk's-Cap Lily















TABLE 36












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation







Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


20
Ulleungdo

Lilium
Ulleungdo



turk's-

hansonii
turk's-



cap lily


cap lily


Compar-
Lily
50
Lilium

86.37
12.59
 3.10
 46.18


ative


Candidum


Example


20-1
Whole plant
2


39.78
14.51
20.75
307.30




10


30.75
27.01
33.36
445.02




50


24.62
35.30
38.39
686.19


20-2
Roots
2


34.17
14.40
21.72
263.94




10


30.82
23.13
29.24
435.95




50


22.66
37.10
38.03
715.89


20-3
Stems
2


36.90
18.14
21.35
304.03




10


33.77
23.81
27.20
461.21




50


23.27
39.45
34.39
708.43


20-4
Leaves
2


36.53
14.41
23.56
226.56




10


32.88
24.26
30.21
597.01




50


24.22
37.57
34.91
771.58


20-5
Fruits
2


39.07
17.29
21.08
336.13




10


29.90
20.74
31.04
591.19




50


23.92
37.42
35.28
767.52


20-6
Flowers
2


34.70
18.76
25.64
356.83




10


33.45
22.78
28.46
449.21




50


24.08
36.69
38.14
735.30























TABLE 37











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


20
Ulleungdo
Lilium
Ulleungdo



turk's-
hansonii
turk's-



cap lily

cap lily


Compar-
Lily
Lilium

6.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/
12.3
 9.4


ative

Candidum


Fungi: 2


Example


20-1
Whole plant


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/
18.4
21.5







Fungi: 0.5


20-2
Roots


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
12.7
25.5







Fungi: 0.25


20-3
Stems


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
13.8
20.3







Fungi: 0.5


20-4
Leaves


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
13.7
21.1







Fungi: 1


20-5
Fruits


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
10.9
12.0







Fungi: 0.5


20-6
Flowers


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,
17.4
25.5







Fungi: 1









Example 21
Ulleungdo Spike Speedwell















TABLE 38












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria







Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.
Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group



7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%


21
Ulleungdo

Pseudolysimachion
Ulleungdo



spike

insulare
spike



speedwell


speedwell


Compar-
Speedwell
50
Veronica

3.17
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.8
11.5


ative


Officinalis


Fungi: 2


Example


21-1
Whole plant
2


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
 8.3
 9.0




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5
17.8
19.7




50


21-2
Roots
2


0.9
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.2
11.5








Fungi: 1




10




50


21-3
Stems
2


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria,
23.4
13.7








Fungi: 1




10




50


21-4
Leaves
2


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
23.6
22.0




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




50


21-5
Fruits
2


0.8
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
10.3
11.8




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




50


21-6
Flowers
2


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.2
15.1




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




50























TABLE 39











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)






















21
Ulleungdo
Pseudolysimachion
Ulleungdo







spike
insulare
spike



speedwell

speedwell


Compar-
Speedwell
Veronica

3.17
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.8
11.5


ative

Officinalis


Fungi: 2


Example


21-1
Whole plant


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.3
9.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5
17.8
19.7


21-2
Roots


0.9
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.2
11.5







Fungi: 1


21-3
Stems


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria,
23.4
13.7







Fungi: 1


21-4
Leaves


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
23.6
22.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5


21-5
Fruits


0.8
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
10.3
11.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25


21-6
Flowers


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.2
15.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 1









Example 22
Coastal Moss-Like Stonecrop















TABLE 40












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


22
Coastal

Sedum
Coastal







moss-like

oryzifolium
moss-like







stonecrop


stonecrop






Compar-
Orange
50
Sedum

80.19
6.04
 3.98
 13.00


ative
stonecrop

Kamtschaticum







Example










22-1
Whole plant
2


45.74
3.60
11.19
298.50




10


38.34
17.52
19.66
598.40




50


35.36
26.37
26.84
785.92


22-2
Roots
2


37.34
13.83
20.45
312.88




10


33.85
28.34
29.29
403.47




50


22.45
37.74
39.25
735.40


22-3
Stems
2


34.48
15.30
26.40
315.03




10


31.12
24.10
29.97
495.51




50


25.25
38.15
34.96
719.30


22-4
Leaves
2


37.06
18.16
26.70
333.50




10


29.18
21.75
30.14
599.29




50


26.08
38.90
32.91
757.00


22-5
Fruits
2


38.07
18.34
21.39
248.33




10


33.40
29.93
30.26
560.51




50


23.70
34.97
31.63
708.07


22-6
Flowers
2


35.09
10.80
21.62
215.01




10


28.93
21.05
33.29
531.83




50


25.49
34.20
35.62
648.15























TABLE 41











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




22
Coastal
Sedum
Coastal







moss-like
oryzifolium
moss-like







stonecrop

stonecrop






Compar-
Orange
Sedum

9.25
MIC (%) Bacteria2, Fungi: 2
 9.7
10.0


ative
stonecrop
Kamtschaticum







Example









22-1
Whole plant


0.9 
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
18.6
16.6


22-2
Roots


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
19.6
23.3


22-3
Stems


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.0625
15.3
20.1


22-4
Leaves


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
26.7
14.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




22-5
Fruits


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
17.2
12.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




22-6
Flowers


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
16.0
16.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 23
Water Chickweed (Giant Chickweed)















TABLE 42












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


23
Water

Stellaria
Water







chickweed

aquatica
chickweed







(Giant


(Giant







chickweed)


chickweed)






Compar-
Chickweed
50
Stellaria

72.34
 3.29
 7.25
 97.51


ative


Media







Example










23-1
Whole plant
2


39.14
15.12
24.37
261.94




10


28.86
25.28
30.96
455.93




50


24.18
32.21
34.75
659.55


23-2
Roots
2


35.91
17.10
22.57
218.92




10


29.12
29.98
28.85
450.38




50


20.51
43.46
39.79
733.82


23-3
Stems
2


36.96
13.61
24.24
261.55




10


32.40
21.65
33.21
593.68




50


25.25
31.46
37.75
674.45


23-4
Leaves
2


36.68
17.32
20.14
382.63




10


28.01
27.89
31.61
532.62




50


25.08
30.10
36.61
723.84


23-5
Fruits
2


39.55
10.55
26.03
371.93




10


28.84
27.40
31.11
553.71




50


20.67
33.06
37.01
726.98


23-6
Flowers
2


39.55
10.95
20.66
208.33




10


30.93
21.37
28.01
581.25




50


23.79
36.43
33.56
625.44























TABLE 43











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




23
Water
Stellaria
Water







chickweed
aquatica
chickweed







(Giant

(Giant







chickweed)

chickweed)






Compar-
Chickweed
Stellaria

8.7
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2
12.5
10.9


ative

Media







Example









23-1
Whole plant


0.9
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
24.4
25.2


23-2
Roots


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
17.0
11.0


23-3
Stems


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
13.7
12.7


23-4
Leaves


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
27.5
25.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




23-5
Fruits


0.86
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
17.0
17.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




23-6
Flowers


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
27.3
26.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 24
Heartleaf Houttuynia















TABLE 44












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


24
Heartleaf

Houttuynia
Heartleaf







Houttuynia

cordata
Houttuynia









Thunb.







Compar-
Heartleaf
50


89.15
17.24
 1.12
 45.73


ative
Houttuynia









Example
(other area)









24-1
Whole plant
2


39.15
13.24
23.12
273.73




10


28.76
23.82
31.95
407.75




50


21.14
38.76
35.87
630.10


24-2
Roots
2


38.13
17.61
20.65
261.26




10


27.26
24.89
33.97
442.32




50


25.62
38.01
35.23
726.65


24-3
Stems
2


38.63
19.91
24.71
305.14




10


31.19
24.56
28.93
536.67




50


21.69
33.70
38.60
628.47


24-4
Leaves
2


34.76
10.56
25.91
229.14




10


28.32
23.51
30.92
517.19




50


21.28
30.14
34.25
728.73


24-5
Fruits
2


37.70
18.08
24.11
327.46




10


32.78
28.75
33.37
464.74




50


22.64
32.24
34.27
687.35


24-6
Flowers
2


36.56
13.44
22.74
294.42




10


33.66
20.40
32.96
406.96




50


25.39
30.11
39.43
614.75























TABLE 45











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




24
Heartleaf
Houttuynia
Heartleaf







Houttuynia
cordata
Houttuynia








Thunb.







Compar-
Heartleaf


3.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
 8.7
12.4


ative
Houttuynia



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example
(other area)








24-1
Whole plant


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.8
20.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




24-2
Roots


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
24.4
23.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




24-3
Stems


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.9
16.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




24-4
Leaves


0.86
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.2
10.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




24-5
Fruits


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.8
17.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




24-6
Flowers


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.4
17.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 25
Ulleungdo Liverleaf















TABLE 46












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


25
Ulleungdo

Hepatica
Ulleungdo







liverleaf

maxima
liverleaf









(Nakai) Nakai







25-1
Whole plant
2


76.56
11.72
21.32
272.64




10


33.66
21.74
31.40
562.62




50


25.39
39.73
37.68
603.06


25-2
Roots
2


39.84
13.44
23.91
230.66




10


31.46
20.68
32.24
538.29




50


24.46
33.78
35.45
618.18


25-3
Stems
2


39.24
15.10
22.02
242.11




10


31.34
24.90
30.86
400.26




50


24.14
32.37
39.08
639.19


25-4
Leaves
2


34.09
15.35
25.02
287.66




10


31.67
25.97
33.55
484.59




50


23.61
32.33
34.12
652.27


25-5
Fruits
2


35.72
19.53
23.99
381.86




10


30.08
29.73
28.61
470.18




50


23.09
33.26
39.13
770.08


25-6
Flowers
2


39.83
13.44
20.51
308.72




10


27.62
20.40
32.72
443.95




50


20.16
30.11
37.02
706.41























TABLE 47











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




25
Ulleungdo
Hepatica
Ulleungdo







liverleaf
maxima
liverleaf








(Nakai) Nakai







25-1
Whole plant


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.5
24.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




25-2
Roots


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
17.5
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




25-3
Stems


0.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.0
13.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




25-4
Leaves


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.6
26.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




25-5
Fruits


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
16.1
 8.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




25-6
Flowers


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
21.3
12.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 26
Chinese Buttercup















TABLE 48












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


26
Chinese

Ranunculus
Chinese







buttercup

quelpaertensis
buttercup









(H. Lév.) Nakai







Compar-
Ranunculus
50
Ranunculus

89.24
 1.34
 1.54
 22.34


ative
ficaria

Ficaria







Example










26-1
Whole plant
2


39.57
15.51
22.72
395.30




10


32.67
29.69
29.50
575.83




50


24.86
33.60
39.40
650.79


26-2
Roots
2


39.86
11.34
22.72
312.22




10


29.07
22.16
29.50
451.69




50


24.83
35.64
39.40
738.08


26-3
Stems
2


38.29
18.13
22.72
213.87




10


28.34
29.98
29.50
493.07




50


22.42
30.93
39.40
799.14


26-4
Leaves
2


34.45
12.48
22.72
355.20




10


28.78
23.10
29.50
470.04




50


23.43
35.94
39.40
771.73


26-5
Fruits
2


35.91
18.09
22.72
256.23




10


28.13
22.78
29.50
579.79




50


21.52
34.15
39.40
667.50


26-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
22.72
317.22




10


27.81
20.40
29.50
498.77




50


20.01
30.11
39.40
663.17























TABLE 49











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




26
Chinese
Ranunculus
Chinese







buttercup
quelpaertensis
buttercup








(H. Lév.) Nakai







Compar-
Ranunculus
Ranunculus

6.67
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
 8.0
 8.0


ative
ficaria
Ficaria







Example














MIC (%) Fungi: 1




26-1
Whole plant


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
19.0
27.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




26-2
Roots


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.2
15.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




26-3
Stems


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
11.3
11.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




26-4
Leaves


0.67
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
15.3
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




26-5
Fruits


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
16.7
16.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




26-6
Flowers


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.7
12.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 27
Tricuspidate Falsenettle















TABLE 50












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


27
Tricuspidate

Boehmeria
Tricuspidate







falsenettle

tricuspis
falsenettle









(Hance) Makino







Compar-
Ramie
50
Boehmeria

99.86
 2.34
1.72
 87.22


ative


nivea







Example










Compar-
Tricuspidate
50


85.86
16.34
5.72
127.22


ative
falsenettle









Example
(other area)









27-1
Whole plant
2


37.03
17.40
22.84
349.46




10


27.05
20.29
29.06
409.35




50


24.39
37.06
38.80
603.30


27-2
Roots
2


35.50
12.20
22.91
288.20




10


28.28
28.55
33.37
431.21




50


22.70
36.57
36.45
707.65


27-3
Stems
2


36.83
14.82
25.39
361.73




10


32.39
22.83
29.25
550.31




50


26.48
38.93
34.90
656.87


27-4
Leaves
2


39.50
18.49
23.84
255.08




10


32.30
27.16
32.21
532.98




50


20.05
34.72
36.47
727.63


27-5
Fruits
2


39.35
17.12
23.57
262.11




10


28.64
21.57
32.62
424.16




50


24.78
30.22
34.07
749.64


27-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
26.04
394.81




10


27.81
20.40
30.38
459.42




50


20.01
30.11
34.82
651.09























TABLE 51











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




27
Tricuspidate
Boehmeria
Tricuspidate







falsenettle
tricuspis
falsenettle








(Hance) Makino







Compar-
Ramie
Boehmeria

2.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
 8.4
 9.4


ative

nivea


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example









Compar-
Tricuspidate


3.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.6
11.7


ative
falsenettle



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example
(other area)








27-1
Whole plant


0.1
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
18.6
22.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




27-2
Roots


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.5
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




27-3
Stems


0.48
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.4
10.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




27-4
Leaves


0.5
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.8
22.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




27-5
Fruits


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
16.2
12.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




27-6
Flowers


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
10.3
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 28
Long-Calyx Pink















TABLE 52












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


28
Long-calyx

Dianthus
Long-calyx







pink

longicalyx Miq.
pink






Compar-
Carnation
50
Dianthus

76.48
13.66
 2.65
 50.69


ative


Caryophyllus







Example










28-1
Whole plant
2


39.25
23.43
23.55
283.74




10


32.46
28.42
33.89
414.73




50


25.16
35.96
36.66
745.27


28-2
Roots
2


38.91
20.24
25.92
360.57




10


27.38
27.00
33.90
484.73




50


24.09
35.56
37.56
604.21


28-3
Stems
2


35.70
22.44
22.02
256.20




10


30.77
33.18
28.90
425.05




50


23.59
39.52
35.28
675.27


28-4
Leaves
2


38.34
21.36
25.74
315.51




10


33.13
27.54
30.19
427.62




50


20.49
38.78
39.55
630.51


28-5
Fruits
2


34.49
25.21
22.53
324.59




10


30.00
32.59
28.47
436.64




50


23.30
37.99
39.61
700.96


28-6
Flowers
2


36.16
26.95
25.10
346.90




10


30.59
33.44
27.52
524.21




50


23.26
39.34
39.55
734.88























TABLE 53











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




28
Long-calyx
Dianthus
Long-calyx







pink
longicalyx Miq.
pink






Compar-
Carnation
Dianthus

7.56
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2
10.9
10.2


ative

Caryophyllus







Example









28-1
Whole plant


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
19.3
22.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




28-2
Roots


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
27.7
19.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




28-3
Stems


0.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.3
17.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




28-4
Leaves


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
15.3
15.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




28-5
Fruits


0.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.0
12.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




28-6
Flowers


0.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.5
13.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 29
Curled Dock















TABLE 54












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


29
Curled

Rumex
Curled







dock

crispus L.
dock






Compar-
Garden
50
Rumex

86.74
 3.84
 2.15
 35.42


ative
dock

acetosa L.







Example










Compar-
Curled
50
Rumex

60.55
15.47
12.49
153.98


ative
dock

crispus L.







Example
(other










area)









29-1
Whole plant
2


37.45
15.86
25.10
321.94




10


33.55
23.61
33.98
483.24




50


24.29
30.23
37.25
656.65


29-2
Roots
2


36.74
15.25
25.12
234.55




10


32.48
27.74
27.30
579.17




50


22.68
36.49
38.45
751.93


29-3
Stems
2


34.40
17.75
26.93
383.95




10


32.06
30.00
30.27
510.16




50


21.16
32.61
34.28
753.61


29-4
Leaves
2


35.96
14.81
26.55
223.18




10


28.51
22.56
30.86
474.09




50


21.58
37.25
34.04
723.59


29-5
Fruits
2


39.99
19.39
24.67
352.93




10


29.56
22.41
32.61
584.88




50


25.52
35.89
34.73
771.51


29-6
Flowers
2


39.30
18.83
25.07
339.29




10


27.17
28.19
32.38
418.58




50


23.67
36.36
36.15
729.03























TABLE 55











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




29
Curled
Rumex
Curled







dock
crispus L.
dock






Compar-
Garden
Rumex

9.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
13.5
10.5


ative
dock
acetosa L.


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example









Compar-
Curled
Rumex

3.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.3
14.1


ative
dock
crispus L.


MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




Example
(other area)








29-1
Whole plant


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
27.5
20.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




29-2
Roots


0.1 
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.7
12.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




29-3
Stems


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
13.1
 9.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




29-4
Leaves


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.2
26.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




29-5
Fruits


0.24
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
10.8
13.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




29-6
Flowers


0.05
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
14.0
10.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 30
Erect St. Johnswort















TABLE 56












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


30
Erect St.

Hypericum
Erect St.







Johnswort

erectum Thunb.
Johnswort






Compar-
St John's
50
Hypericum

75.66
 9.56
 2.45
 41.52


ative
Wort

Perforatum







Example










Compar-
Erect St.
50
Hypericum

40.54
17.14
 9.66
267.21


ative
Johnswort

erectum Thunb.







Example
(other area)









30-1
Whole plant
2


38.07
14.81
20.41
231.71




10


29.29
28.36
28.65
469.39




50


26.78
34.65
35.31
700.48


30-2
Roots
2


38.55
17.03
26.18
209.85




10


31.05
27.88
27.00
571.33




50


26.78
39.28
39.29
783.75


30-3
Stems
2


39.48
17.09
24.47
325.93




10


31.96
29.13
33.27
447.72




50


23.61
30.86
37.62
687.97


30-4
Leaves
2


35.92
18.17
24.59
292.75




10


29.46
27.46
29.57
462.78




50


22.99
35.11
34.57
638.97


30-5
Fruits
2


34.79
11.00
25.79
318.17




10


33.65
21.53
27.37
470.88




50


22.84
30.29
35.55
604.30


30-6
Flowers
2


35.12
15.09
21.85
241.03




10


28.48
25.98
29.90
538.52




50


21.89
34.36
39.29
666.36























TABLE 57











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




30
Erect St.
Hypericum
Erect St.







Johnswort
erectum Thunb.
Johnswort






Compar-
St John's
Hypericum

4.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.2
9.2


ative
Wort
Perforatum


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example









Compar-
Erect St.
Hypericum

1.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
17.7
16.5


ative
Johnswort
erectum Thunb.


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example
(other area)








30-1
Whole plant


0.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.4
22.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




30-2
Roots


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
27.3
24.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




30-3
Stems


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
13.0
9.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




30-4
Leaves


0.04
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
15.7
19.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




30-5
Fruits


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
21.1
19.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




30-6
Flowers


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.6
15.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 31
Five-Leaf Gynostemma















TABLE 58












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


31
Five-leaf

Gynostemma
Five-leaf







gynostemma

pentaphylla
gynostemma









(Thunb.) Makino







Compar-
Five-leaf
50
Gynostemma

87.21
17.45
12.14
214.55


ative
gynostemma

pentaphylla







Example
(other area)

(Thunb.) Makino







31-1
Whole plant
2


35.80
11.06
24.25
274.50




10


27.39
24.54
28.71
439.60




50


25.00
30.42
38.95
698.74


31-2
Roots
2


38.47
11.34
24.85
378.08




10


27.92
23.92
31.52
596.78




50


26.27
38.88
38.95
654.92


31-3
Stems
2


34.24
14.05
20.83
324.60




10


28.03
22.57
33.80
507.38




50


23.41
36.12
39.31
673.64


31-4
Leaves
2


38.58
13.41
25.71
353.19




10


27.00
27.69
27.25
427.32




50


21.56
36.22
36.09
669.94


31-5
Fruits
2


36.30
16.31
25.21
310.69




10


32.13
23.49
31.08
432.14




50


24.46
37.41
37.61
650.81


31-6
Flowers
2


34.46
11.13
22.81
368.00




10


28.37
26.57
33.88
491.92




50


21.31
34.72
35.19
705.71























TABLE 59











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




31
Five-leaf
Gynostemma
Five-leaf







gynostemma
pentaphylla
gynostemma








(Thunb.) Makino







Compar-
Five-leaf
Gynostemma

6.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.7
14.1


ative
gynostemma
pentaphylla


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example
(other area)
(Thunb.) Makino







31-1
Whole plant


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.7
25.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




31-2
Roots


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
 9.6
10.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




31-3
Stems


0.28
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
11.3
15.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




31-4
Leaves


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.3
17.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




31-5
Fruits


0.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
25.2
25.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




31-6
Flowers


0.18
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
10.6
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 32
Bird's Egg Cucumber















TABLE 60












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


32
Bird's egg

Melothria
Bird's egg







cucumber

japonica
cucumber









(Thunb.) Maxim.







Compar-
Melothria
50
Melothria
Solena
97.29
12.18
 4.48
 98.05


ative


Heterophylla







Example










32-1
Whole plant
2


35.22
17.75
23.05
301.04




10


31.77
22.83
28.32
512.22




50


22.04
34.98
39.30
711.80


32-2
Roots
2


36.97
18.04
26.07
341.54




10


30.34
27.19
33.34
447.46




50


24.10
30.40
39.20
718.95


32-3
Stems
2


35.67
13.82
25.71
315.42




10


27.26
23.31
27.54
525.52




50


21.62
32.95
36.30
662.05


32-4
Leaves
2


34.24
12.78
24.73
204.89




10


27.69
22.64
33.27
446.93




50


20.96
33.17
38.47
767.15


32-5
Fruits
2


38.43
12.62
25.20
255.15




10










50


24.11
30.13
38.19
651.54


32-6
Flowers
2


38.31
12.76
22.73
372.09




10


33.55
24.13
29.82
471.65




50


22.33
31.38
39.57
735.96























TABLE 61











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




32
Bird's egg
Melothria
Bird's egg







cucumber
japonica
cucumber








(Thunb.) Maxim







Compar-
Melothria
Melothria
Solena
8.01
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
0.0
0.0


ative

Heterophylla


MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Example









32-1
Whole plant


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.8
17.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




32-2
Roots


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.4
8.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




32-3
Stems


0.30
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
17.2
18.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




32-4
Leaves


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
10.5
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




32-5
Fruits


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.9
13.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




32-6
Flowers


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
13.9
9.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 1









Example 33
Ulleungdo Rockcress















TABLE 62












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


33
Ulleungdo

Arabis
Ulleungdo







rockcress

takesimana Nakai
rockcress






33-1
Whole plant
2


37.72
13.67
21.77
278.76




10


31.23
26.76
33.86
514.61




50


22.29
30.87
36.51
708.03


33-2
Roots
2


39.47
16.47
23.64
370.23




10


32.97
27.30
32.13
553.07




50


25.75
35.29
37.43
768.17


33-3
Stems
2


34.64
16.00
24.31
352.19




10


33.96
21.11
32.72
462.20




50


25.46
32.06
35.53
773.27


33-4
Leaves
2


36.91
12.32
22.72
353.17




10


29.84
20.27
30.87
545.48




50


21.70
33.57
37.70
715.68


33-5
Fruits
2


37.95
18.60
24.64
323.92




10


33.61
25.03
28.92
455.97




50


22.34
31.34
36.77
787.93


33-6
Flowers
2


36.28
10.35
24.60
317.34




10


29.18
24.08
29.08
549.16




50


25.34
39.51
34.56
682.67























TABLE 63











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




33
Ulleungdo
Arabis
Ulleungdo







rockcress
takesimana Nakai
rockcress






33-1
Whole plant


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
13.8
19.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




33-2
Roots


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.3
20.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




33-3
Stems


0.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.4
11.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




33-4
Leaves


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
26.8
24.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




33-5
Fruits


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.3
 9.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




33-6
Flowers


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
10.2
11.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 34
Hedge Mustard















TABLE 64












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


34
Hedge

Sisymbrium
Hedge







Mustard

officinale
Mustard









(L.) Scop.







Compar-
London
50
Sisymbrium

89.81
 9.46
 5.06
 32.25


ative
rocket

Irio







Example










34-1
Whole plant
2


38.49
10.86
25.18
292.14




10


32.11
25.67
27.04
517.63




50


23.22
32.02
37.38
676.68


34-2
Roots
2


37.61
19.84
20.59
254.44




10


30.49
23.52
32.49
466.11




50


21.30
38.86
39.81
751.79


34-3
Stems
2


35.49
10.10
22.45
303.26




10


27.41
29.96
31.77
461.07




50


26.31
32.69
34.05
658.52


34-4
Leaves
2


37.26
18.89
24.40
327.53




10


28.76
22.54
32.46
553.91




50


23.38
35.16
36.40
726.03


34-5
Fruits
2


34.66
12.44
22.45
260.84




10


32.71
29.56
30.57
578.41




50


20.47
35.81
36.02
666.84


34-6
Flowers
2


39.76
18.39
22.61
253.08




10


27.26
29.26
31.64
600.38




50


23.06
34.22
37.73
735.66























TABLE 65











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




34
Hedge
Sisymbrium
Hedge







Mustard
officinale
Mustard








(L.) Scop.







Compar-
London
Sisymbrium

4.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
8.8
8.5


ative
rocket
Irio


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example









34-1
Whole plant


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
14.4
19.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




34-2
Roots


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
8.8
10.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




34-3
Stems


0.41
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.0
24.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




34-4
Leaves


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
25.7
20.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




34-5
Fruits


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.7
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




34-6
Flowers


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.7
9.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 36
Asian Prince's Pine















TABLE 66












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


36
Asian

Chimaphila
Asian







prince's

japonica Miq.
prince's







pine


pine






Compar-
Prince's
50
Chimaphila

67.74
 8.83
 4.97
158.68


ative
pine

Umbellata







Example










36-1
Whole plant
2


37.36
11.97
24.91
292.59




10


30.31
23.27
31.53
531.91




50


24.54
37.43
35.40
622.84


36-2
Roots
2


37.97
13.36
25.79
277.44




10


27.85
21.89
31.51
484.73




50


24.31
31.15
35.40
762.40


36-3
Stems
2


37.73
17.93
25.37
315.14




10


32.14
28.00
27.79
500.91




50


22.25
37.06
34.13
786.79


36-4
Leaves
2


36.80
11.10
21.58
226.74




10


27.02
24.99
33.79
577.91




50


21.58
39.31
39.12
603.85


36-5
Fruits
2


36.29
17.93
23.20
388.08




10


32.33
28.00
33.77
504.97




50


23.42
37.06
35.22
683.52


36-6
Flowers
2


39.54
19.93
21.80
233.90




10


29.28
21.51
30.81
471.50




50


20.52
39.96
39.91
788.63























TABLE 67











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




36
Asian
Chimaphila
Asian







prince's
japonica
prince's







pine
Miq.
pine






Compar-
Prince's
Chimaphila

1.57
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.0
 9.4


ative
pine
Umbellata


MIC (%) Fungi: 2




Example









36-1
Whole plant


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
23.2
21.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06




36-2
Roots


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
17.9
14.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




36-3
Stems


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.4
17.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




36-4
Leaves


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.0
14.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




36-5
Fruits


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.1
15.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




36-6
Flowers


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
24.0
23.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13









Example 37
Marlberry















TABLE 68












Anti-









Anti-wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


37
Marlberry

Ardisia
Marlberry









japonica










(Thunb.) Blume







Compar-
Christmas
50
Ardisia

80.02
 4.89
3.54
 77.70


ative
berry

Crenata







Example










Compar-
Marlberry
50
Ardisia

52.96
13.58
9.48
286.38


ative
(other area)

japonica







Example


(Thunb.) Blume







37-1
Whole plant
2


37.79
12.10
21.69
245.22




10


29.02
23.20
31.43
498.31




50


20.60
31.19
38.29
721.29


37-2
Roots
2


37.02
19.20
23.88
306.75




10


32.02
21.99
31.12
476.21




50


20.68
37.64
34.32
660.18


37-3
Stems
2


34.12
14.23
25.90
349.78




10


27.97
29.99
27.83
571.61




50


22.81
37.74
37.63
717.21


37-4
Leaves
2


38.89
19.43
23.36
234.02




10


29.01
27.26
32.39
494.80




50


26.81
36.19
38.48
761.34


37-5
Fruits
2


39.24
13.08
21.27
206.40




10


32.42
23.46
32.25
573.25




50


21.03
38.66
36.56
767.58


37-6
Flowers
2


34.71
14.29
23.82
359.34




10


28.87
27.26
30.99
498.80




50


21.47
37.75
38.00
734.55























TABLE 69











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




37
Marlberry
Ardisia
Marlberry








japonica









(Thunb.) Blume







Compar-
Christmas
Ardisia

2.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
12.5
10.0


ative
berry
Crenata


MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Example









Compar-
Marlberry
Ardisia

1.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.2
13.4


ative
(other area)
japonica


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




Example

(Thunb.) Blume







37-1
Whole plant


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.0
21.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




37-2
Roots


0.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
16.3
10.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




37-3
Stems


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.3
10.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




37-4
Leaves


0.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
14.2
 9.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06




37-5
Fruits


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
27.7
20.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




37-6
Flowers


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.1
10.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 38
Spoon-Leaf Yellow Loosestrife















TABLE 70










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


38
Spoon-leaf

Lysimachia
Spoon-leaf







yellow loosestrife

mauritiana Lam.
yellow loosestrife






Comparative
Bog loosestrife
50
Lysimachia

71.24
 8.82
 1.52
181.01


Example


Foenum-graecum







38-1
Whole plant
2


34.92
17.76
25.41
196.21




10


27.95
26.79
31.42
370.62




50


24.82
30.19
35.02
511.53


38-2
Roots
2


37.18
11.23
21.17
296.61




10


29.67
25.75
32.66
472.30




50


23.60
33.75
36.67
558.49


38-3
Stems
2


39.65
12.57
23.12
377.75




10


27.22
27.86
31.84
430.19




50


20.06
30.39
39.72
690.04


38-4
Leaves
2


39.38
12.42
23.77
170.49




10


29.01
21.94
29.04
421.56




50


14.30
38.24
39.74
588.19


38-5
Fruits
2


37.80
13.48
25.34
276.49




10


32.12
25.31
33.37
463.56




50


23.87
36.57
34.27
657.79


38-6
Flowers
2


26.54
19.89
24.85
397.78




10


18.88
29.42
29.17
523.38




50


 8.91
39.16
39.73
780.79























TABLE 71











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




38
Spoon-leaf yellow
Lysimachia
Spoon-leaf







loosestrife
mauritiana Lam.
yellow loosestrife






Comparative
Bog loosestrife
Lysimachia

9.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
11.2
15.8


Example

Foenum-graecum


MIC (%) Fungi: >2




38-1
Whole plant


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.5
23.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




38-2
Roots


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
16.5
11.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




38-3
Stems


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
13.4
10.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




38-4
Leaves


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
23.2
24.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




38-5
Fruits


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.3
10.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




38-6
Flowers


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
 9.6
 8.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06









Example 39
Climbing Hydrangea















TABLE 72










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


39
Climbing

Hydrangea petiolaris
Climbing







hydrangea

Siebold & Zucc.
hydrangea






Comparative
Bigleaf
50
Hydrangea Macrophylla

89.97
 7.11
 2.87
117.39


Example
hydrangea









39-1
Whole plant
2


38.79
17.95
23.27
210.48




10


29.62
26.39
31.23
418.43




50


26.34
30.09
38.78
621.31


39-2
Roots
2


38.22
10.58
21.30
283.26




10


29.21
27.19
32.91
542.12




50


22.36
33.35
34.26
675.65


39-3
Stems
2


34.64
16.51
23.88
365.81




10


29.55
29.73
31.87
402.38




50


22.22
34.20
35.28
673.77


39-4
Leaves
2


39.53
12.38
26.32
343.01




10


22.33
25.77
31.37
436.24




50


13.11
38.75
44.01
703.27


39-6
Flowers
2


39.71
15.10
25.51
357.64




10


33.43
25.50
29.19
587.88




50


21.86
39.02
39.31
701.80























TABLE 73











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




39
Climbing
Hydrangea petiolaris
Climbing







hydrangea
Siebold & Zucc.
hydrangea






Comparative
Bigleaf
Hydrangea Macrophylla

3.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
11.1
11.0


Example
hydrangea



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




39-1
Whole plant


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
19.5
18.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




39-2
Roots


0.54
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
 9.9
10.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




39-3
Stems


0.61
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
11.1
13.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




39-4
Leaves


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
23.7
23.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




39-6
Flowers


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.9
24.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 40
Stringy Stonecrop















TABLE 74










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


40
Stringy

Sedum sarmentosum
Stringy







stonecrop

Bunge
stonecrop






Comparative
Purple
50
Sedum Purpureum

76.08
13.10
 2.38
 23.78


Example
stonecrop









40-1
Whole plant
2


35.39
10.57
16.54
253.81




10


31.83
23.48
28.53
329.93




50


33.75
26.13
29.54
584.07


40-2
Roots
2


37.72
14.22
26.29
229.26




10


31.98
23.42
27.48
600.32




50


26.74
30.35
34.39
743.58


40-3
Stems
2


34.77
 8.52
15.43
214.85




10


33.20
19.09
22.27
467.36




50


32.38
25.45
28.18
527.02


40-4
Leaves
2


37.56
13.01
15.82
180.44




10


37.73
21.17
28.38
349.50




50


29.88
26.09
27.09
547.23


40-6
Flowers
2


38.53
15.35
24.01
311.16




10


31.46
28.33
32.01
518.92




50


26.18
35.04
35.48
645.94























TABLE 75











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




40
Stringy
Sedum sarmentosum
Stringy







stonecrop
Bunge
stonecrop






Comparative
Purple
Sedum Purpureum

6.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: >2
10.4
12.1


Example
stonecrop








40-1
Whole plant


0.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
21.7
21.7


40-2
Roots


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
19.1
17.2


40-3
Stems


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
13.3
12.1


40-4
Leaves


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
11.8
12.1


40-6
Flowers


0.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
27.3
21.6









Example 41
Ulleungdo Stonecrop















TABLE 76










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


41
Ulleungdo

Sedum takesimense
Ulleungdo







stonecrop

Nakai
stonecrop






Comparative
Purple
50
Sedum Purpureum

76.08
13.10
 2.38
 23.78


Example
stonecrop









41-1
Whole plant
2


33.73
11.80
20.36
253.41




10


31.83
23.25
22.52
469.56




50


29.27
29.39
29.28
580.53


41-2
Roots
2


35.86
13.83
24.41
238.58




10


29.79
23.23
27.70
524.91




50


23.36
35.49
36.60
619.40


41-3
Stems
2


35.95
18.89
24.77
253.27




10


31.13
22.43
33.45
415.51




50


22.66
33.46
39.79
742.65


41-4
Leaves
2


36.38
18.06
22.51
398.73




10


28.52
22.01
29.15
452.69




50


21.34
36.67
37.86
618.56


41-5
Fruits
2


37.60
13.45
26.81
334.49




10


29.85
27.09
32.93
426.94




50


25.50
35.10
37.42
780,63


41-6
Flowers
2


34.03
10.42
26.28
361.76




10


30.38
22.05
27.69
494.13




50


24.25
31.70
34.29
701.39























TABLE 77











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




41
Ulleungdo
Sedum takesimense
Ulleungdo







stonecrop
Nakai
stonecrop






Comparative
Purple
Sedum Purpureum

6.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2,
 8.2
9.1


Example
stonecrop



Fungi: >2




41-1
Whole plant


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
15.3
15.3


41-2
Roots


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
10.4
12.1


41-3
Stems


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
10.0
9.2


41-4
Leaves


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
12.9
13.6


41-5
Fruits


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.1
9.9


41-6
Flowers


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
23.3
22.9









Example 42
Foam Flower















TABLE 78










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


42
Foam flower

Tiarella polyphylla
Foam flower









D. Don







42-1
Whole plant
2


32.92
10.33
17.50
281.20




10


32.25
17.53
23.93
361.49




50


33.53
24.49
31.33
581.22


42-2
Roots
2


40.72
11.87
20.72
283.04




10


32.08
26.27
31.65
442.89




50


29.20
32.84
36.40
649.06


42-3
Stems
2


40.52
11.95
25.70
344.61




10


36.44
22.98
27.56
476.99




50


32.09
33.52
38.77
684.26


42-4
Leaves
2


37.82
16.05
21.78
271.75




10


36.76
25.01
27.79
464.01




50


30.30
36.17
38.76
626.38


42-5
Fruits
2


41.19
18.76
21.46
350.48




10


33.53
27.78
27.73
403.43




50


29.19
36.53
36.44
695.07


42-6
Flowers
2


38.58
16.61
24.09
295.04




10


30.01
26.57
32.72
548.47




50


21.04
37.12
35.87
638.35























TABLE 79











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




42
Foam flower
Tiarella polyphylla
Foam flower








D. Don







42-1
Whole plant


0.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
9.8
11.8


42-2
Roots


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25
7.7
9.1


42-3
Stems


0.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25
10.1
11.0


42-4
Leaves


0.60
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.25
8.2
8.7


42-5
Fruits


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
8.6
8.8


42-6
Flowers


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
10.5
8.2









Example 43
East Asian Cinquefoil















TABLE 80










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Aibutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


43
East Asian

Potentilla chinensis
East Asian







cinquefoil

Ser.
cinquefoil






Comparative
Cinquefoil
50
Potentilla Fragarioides

88.07
16.32
 6.56
 27.58


Example










43-1
Whole plant
2


35.27
13.65
21.34
364.57




10


28.24
24.98
30.42
599.09




50


25.83
39.02
39.00
745.04


43-2
Roots
2


39.63
12.91
16.55
300.91




10


32.51
23.78
24.91
356.73




50


29.51
30.30
30.13
550.44


43-3
Stems
2


39.83
12.41
17.59
272.21




10


36.83
16.29
26.94
478.27




50


31.45
30.02
27.35
544.84


43-4
Leaves
2


39.98
10.47
20.57
155.81




10


36.24
18.67
23.16
323.39




50


29.05
26.30
32.57
603.21


43-5
Fruits
2


36.28
13.61
20.54
217.19




10


30.69
21.80
28.68
448.88




50


21.74
35.27
35.40
647.89


43-6
Flowers
2


39.95
11.70
18.58
268.01




10


32.13
21.05
26.12
362.91




50


32.13
30.29
28.11
574.09
























TABLE 81












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria







Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.
Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control group



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated







7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%




43
East Asian

Potentilla chinensis
East Asian







cinquefoil

Ser.
cinquefoil






Comparative
Cinquefoil
50
Potentilla

8.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2,
10.7
 9.1


Example


Fragarioides


Fungi: >2




43-1
Whole plant
2


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
27.4
22.0




10



Fungi: 1






50








43-2
Roots
2


0.48
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
12.3
14.3




10



Fungi: 2






50








43-3
Stems
2


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
10.4
12.0




10



Fungi: 2






50








43-4
Leaves
2


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
16.3
11.1




10



Fungi: 2






50








43-5
Fruits
2


0.33
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
26.5
27.2




10



Fungi: 1






50








43-6
Flowers
2


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria; 1,
23.2
26.5




10



Fungi: 2






50









Example 44
Indigobush Amorpha















TABLE 82










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


44
Indigobush

Amorpha fruticosa
Indigobnsh







Amorpha

L.
Amorpha






Comparative
Indigobush
50


68.12
10.71
12.24
 98.27


Example
Amorpha










(other area)









44-1
Whole plant
2


38.07
13.33
22.43
374.92




10


32.00
24.16
31.54
472.24




50


23.50
39.80
39.92
777.80


44-2
Roots
2


39.58
10.22
26.46
385.24




10


30.90
29.26
27.46
506.11




50


20.89
38.05
39.67
779.60


44-3
Stems
2


34.50
16.37
25.79
284.40




10


27.46
23.20
27.90
574.37




50


25.70
37.89
36.57
678.03


44-4
Leaves
2


36.70
16.06
23.06
277.22




10


33.04
23.51
28.60
503.70




50


24.81
38.61
35.74
672.03


44-5
Fruits
2


37.14
10.13
22.82
269.86




10


29.98
23.29
29.47
504.28




50


21.54
31.80
37.19
693.12


44-6
Flowers
2


35.01
17.34
20.36
326.61




10


29.38
21.63
27.86
458.33




50


23.27
34.98
37.99
716.50























TABLE 83











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




44
Indigobush
Amorpha fruticosa
Indigobush







Amorpha
L.
Amorpha






Comparative
Indigobush


2.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.8
14.0


Example
Amorpha



MIC (%) Fungi: 2





(other area)








44-1
Whole plant


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.6
24.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




44-2
Roots


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
 9.3
 8.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




44-3
Stems


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.5
14.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




44-4
Leaves


0.16
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
23.1
25.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




44-5
Fruits


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
14.1
13.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




44-6
Flowers


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
26.6
27.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 45
Sericea Lespedeza















TABLE 84










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Melanin
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
content
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


45
Sericea

Lespedeza cuneata
Sericea







lespedeza

(Dum. Cours.) G. Don
lespedeza






Comparative
Leafy
50
Lespedeza Cyrtobotrya

90.93
10.72
 4.67
 74.92


Example
lespedeza









45-1
Whole plant
2


36.68
15.09
21.51
352.11




10


33.46
29.94
27.22
437.21




50


23.34
30.60
36.63
602.02


45-2
Roots
2


39.64
19.22
23.59
278.18




10


27.50
23.80
31.62
488.76




50


21.68
32.52
36.64
622.98


45-3
Stems
2


37.77
14.84
24.66
361.91




10


28.94
23.27
30.43
406.33




50


20.17
36.76
37.81
609.27


45-4
Leaves
2


39.24
12.55
25.39
376.56




10


31.04
26.94
27.48
504.51




50


24.28
31.41
36.77
675.53


45-5
Fruits
2


37.34
19.97
22.68
307.41




10


31.81
29.49
29.60
402.24




50


22.30
32.23
37.52
735.82


45-6
Flowers
2


34.63
11.42
24,05
339.02




10


31.11
27.68
31.53
516.40




50


22.49
39.90
37.70
761.92






















TABLE 85









Conc.


Anti-oxidation
Anti-bacteria


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)






Control group



Vitamin C
Hexanediol







7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%








Fungi: A.niger 1%


45
Sericea
Lespedeza cuneata
Sericea






lespedeza
(Dum. Cours.) G. Don.
lespedeza





Comparative
Leafy
Lespedeza


4.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2


Example
lespedeza
Cyrtobotrya



MIC (%) Fungi: >2


45-1
Whole plant
2


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




50






45-2
Roots
2


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




50






45-3
Stems
2


0.68
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




50






45-4
Leaves
2


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




50






45-5
Fruits
2


0.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




50






45-6
Flowers
2


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




50















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria




(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Size of growth
Size of growth




inhibition
inhibition












No.
Sample
ring (mm)
ring (mm)







Control group
Untreated
Untreated





0 mm
0 mm



45
Sericea






lespedeza





Comparative
Leafy
0.0
0.0



Example
lespedeza





45-1
Whole plant
8.8
9.4



45-2
Roots
13.6
12.0



45-3
Stems
11.9
14.9



45-4
Leaves
9.1
10.0



45-5
Fruits
12.5
12.4



45-6
Flowers
8.6
9.4









Example 46
Alfalfa















TABLE 86










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.

English
Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)








Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


46
Alfalfa

Medicago sativa L.
Alfalfa






46-1
Whole plant
2


38.32
13.70
23.48
265.24




10


31.97
21.20
28.33
595.91




50


24.28
30.18
35.78
701.01


46-2
Roots
2


36.65
18.39
23.94
337.91




10


29.15
27.16
33.82
498.90




50


20.35
34.26
36.27
731.25


46-3
Stems
2


39.90
15.39
24.36
385.97




10


27.33
22.35
31.45
538.06




50


23.61
33.40
35.94
611.31


46-4
Leaves
2


37.26
19.83
22.65
262.66




10


31.85
27.25
29.45
525.95




50


26.42
39.98
37.97
720.95


46-5
Fruits
2


36.02
15.79
25.60
310.30




10


32.92
28.89
32.42
559.89




50


23.11
39.98
36.37
789.47


46-6
Flowers
2


38.02
10.08
23.91
371.58




10


27.35
25.91
28.98
500.28




50


21.51
34.78
36.66
770.21























TABLE 87











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)








Size of growth
Size of growth






Anti-oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A.niger 1%




46
Alfalfa
Medicago sativa L.
Alfalfa






46-1
Whole plant


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
14.5
23.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




46-2
Roots


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.2
12.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




46-3
Stems


1.00
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
18.0
15.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




46-4
Leaves


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.8
19.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




46-5
Fruits


0.61
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.6
9.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




46-6
Flowers


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
21.5
23.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 47
Amur Vetch















TABLE 88










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific

Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)








Control group



Arbutin 
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)







(200 ppm)
25%
28%
320%







35%





47
Amur vetch

Vicia
Amur vetch









amurensis



2.33
48.67





Oett.







Comparative
Broad bean
50
Vicia Faba

99.44
4.07




Example






26.68
270.24


47-1
Whole plant
2


39.97
17.99
33.37
420.30




10


30.18
21.04
34.06
658.79




50


22.69
33.43
24.72
352.08


47-2
Roots
2


39.26
12.69
29.46
579.68




10


30.17
20.13
35.13
613.79




50


21.97
38.61
22.23
300.87


47-3
Stems
2


38.08
17.51
32.11
524.86




10


33.66
26.64
37.94
678.84




50


20.74
37.72
26.05
350.85


47-4
Leaves
2


37.90
11.37
31.08
515.02




10


30.76
20.91
34.10
789.15




50


22.69
33.04
21.96
291.96


47-5
Fruits
2


37.86
13.37
27.05
535.22




10


27.59
25.76
37.24
773.53




50


24.21
36.96
23.17
382.55


47-6
Flowers
2


34.62
19.57
32.58
497.85




10


32.38
25.45
35.98
624.42




50


24.05
36.86
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing























TABLE 89











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






Anti-oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A.niger 1%




47
Amur vetch
Vicia amurensis
Amur vetch








Oett.







Comparative
Broad bean
Vicia Faba

5.01
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
8.6
9.2


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




47-1
Whole plant


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
23.7
21.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




47-2
Roots


0.86
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.6
21.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




47-3
Stems


0.57
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
27.2
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




47-4
Leaves


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
23.7
21.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




47-5
Fruits


0.28
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.1
9.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




47-6
Flowers


0.30
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
18.0
18.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 48
Hairy Purple Loosestrife















TABLE 90










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


48
Hairy purple

Lythrum salicaria L.
Hairy purple







loosestrife


loosestrife






48-1
Whole plant
2


37.35
17.25
22.56
349.99




10


35.58
26.34
24.34
559.12




50


30.49
31.64
28.61
687.02


48-2
Roots
2


35.02
13.53
22.55
307.92




10


30.53
25.75
27.19
468.32




50


21.03
38.59
37.53
662.99


48-3
Stems
2


35.39
12.59
26.40
266.77




10


32.88
22.87
27.52
495.52




50


23.41
39.46
35.09
620.57


48-4
Leaves
2


38.33
12.92
24.19
252.16




10


27.28
27.70
32.91
511.41




50


21.09
33.61
38.26
708.37


48-5
Fruits
2


34.37
10.52
22.03
381.00




10


31.72
28.95
29.90
476.07




50


21.29
38.03
39.07
740.05


48-6
Flowers
2


38.25
15.18
20.83
309.53




10


30.12
19.22
30.31
404.98




50


20.58
29.24
37.94
763.26


48-7
Shoots
2


39.93
11.12
20.26
306.27




10


33.81
23.68
33.16
534.68




50


24.16
32.23
39.67
722.82























TABLE 91











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






Anti-oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A.niger 1%




48
Hairy purple
Lythrum salicaria L.
Hairy purple







loosestrife

loosestrife






48-1
Whole plant


1.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi:0.25
16.2
8.9


48-2
Roots


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125
24.8
18.7


48-3
Stems


0.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
21.2
8.9


48-4
Leaves


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
15.2
26.1


48-5
Fruits


0.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
14.6
15.3


48-6
Flowers


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25
27.2
26.3


48-7
Shoots


0.80
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
11.6
13.5









Example 49
South Enchanter's Nightshade















TABLE 92










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.

English
Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)








Control group



Arbutin (200
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)







ppm) 35%
25
28%
320%


49
South

Circaea mollis
South







enchanter's

Siebold &
enchanter's







nightshade

Zucc.
nightshade






Comparative
Cordata
50
Circaea Cordata
Cordata
84.92
15.76
2.11
82.40


Example
enchanter's










nightshade









49-1
Whole plant
2


37.51
16.04
21.59
400.02




10


33.85
22.68
25.26
478.55




50


21.52
31.88
27.96
767.34


49-2
Roots
2


35.69
19.75
25.72
355.34




10


31.89
24.22
28.16
447.18




50


20.58
34.35
34.60
654.97


49-3
Stems
2


39.27
11.89
21.43
363.29




10


29.58
21.06
31.27
409.44




50


20.88
34.70
36.11
737.06


49-4
Leaves
2


34.92
17.84
26.40
357.85




10


30.89
21.26
29.24
484.90




50


24.75
31.58
38.05
621.21


49-5
Fruits
2


37.92
17.63
22.60
280.84




10


30.21
25.50
33.99
529.37




50


20.77
33.25
38.86
789.95


49-6
Flowers
2


38.52
17.02
22.50
384.53




10


32.44
38.82
27.66
468.93




50


20.91
33.14
37.28
614.21




















TABLE 93











Anti-oxidation






IC50


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)






Control group


Vitamin C






7.5 ppm


49
South
Circaea mollis
South




enchanter's
Siebold &
enchanter's




nightshade
Zucc.
nightshade



Comparative
Cordata
Circaea Cordata
Cordata
3.81


Example
enchanter's






nightshade





49-1
Whole plant


0.22


49-2
Roots


0.67


49-3
Stems


0.03


49-4
Leaves


0.03


49-5
Fruits


0.93


49-6
Flowers


0.21

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)





Size of growth
Size of growth




Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring













No.
Sample
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm





Fungi: A.niger 1%





49
South







enchanter's







nightshade






Comparative
Cordata
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2
11.4
8.2



Example
enchanter's







nightshade






49-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi:
25.2
20.8





0.125





49-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125
14.8
13.9



49-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
27.5
19.6



49-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
9.4
14.9



49-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
12.6
26.4



49-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi:
15.2
19.8





0.125











Example 50
Long-Seed Willowherb












TABLE 94












Whitening




Conc.


Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


50
Long-seed

Epilobium
Long-seed




willowherb

pyrricholophum
willowherb






Franch. & Sav.




Comparative
Willow herb
50
Epilobium

77.09


Example


Angustifolium




50-1
Whole plant
2


37.44




10


36.73




50


30.18


50-2
Roots
2


36.95




10


27.26




50


23.37


50-3
Stems
2


37.70




10


28.71




50


20.98


50-4
Leaves
2


34.31




10


29.40




50


22.55


50-5
Fruits
2


36.94




10


31.57




50


21.68


50-6
Flowers
2


37.73




10


31.02




50


21.89
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



50
Long-seed







willowherb






Comparative
Willow herb
4.19
3.89
83.23



Example







50-1
Whole plant
10.27
20.52
294.93





16.25
24.97
337.84





25.92
30.19
440.70



50-2
Roots
16.83
22.42
252.06





28.23
28.55
577.26





36.60
39.95
602.36



50-3
Stems
10.49
22.70
356.82





29.58
27.27
419.73





32.44
36.82
656.87



50-4
Leaves
13.21
23.28
309.86





22.99
31.42
497.72





36.94
38.17
608.79



50-5
Fruits
10.39
21.86
292.71





29.84
30.92
408.55





31.70
35.24
759.80



50-6
Flowers
18.51
26.27
272.12





27.36
31.85
523.59





35.72
37.51
779.15





















TABLE 95











Anti-oxidation







IC50
Anti-bacteria


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)






Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%


50
Long-seed
Epilobium
Long-seed





willowherb
pyrricholophum
willowherb






Franch. & Sav.





Comparative
Willow herb
Epilobium

3.34
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2


Example

Angustifolium





50-1
Whole plant


1.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5


50-2
Roots


0.61
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125


50-3
Stems


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5


50-4
Leaves


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1


50-5
Fruits


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5


50-6
Flowers


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria




(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Size of growth
Size of growth




inhibition ring
inhibition ring












No.
Sample
(mm)
(mm)







Control group
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm



50
Long-seed






willowherb





Comparative
Willow herb
8.4
9.6



Example






50-1
Whole plant
18.7
18.0



50-2
Roots
27.2
26.2



50-3
Stems
14.8
21.7



50-4
Leaves
18.7
16.9



50-5
Fruits
20.9
14.4



50-6
Flowers
23.3
14.4









Example 51
Evening Primrose












TABLE 96












Whitening




Conc.


Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm)







35%


51
Evening Primrose

Oenothera biennis L
Evening Primrose



Comparative
Baby Evening
50
Oenothera Laciniata

94.61


Example
Primrose






Comparative
Evening Primrose
50


57.79


Example
(other area)






51-1
Whole plant
2


39.09




10


32.01




50


25.30


51-2
Roots
2


36.95




10


30.69




50


23.42


51-3
Stems
2


36.29




10


28.25




50


26.83


51-4
Leaves
2


39.62




10


31.30




50


22.36


51-5
Fruits
2


38.13




10


34.15




50


31.67


51-6
Flowers
2


37.11




10


36.75




50


33.18
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)





25%
28%
320%



51
Evening Primrose






Comparative
Baby Evening
11.04
1.55
38.49



Example
Primrose






Comparative
Evening Primrose
19.76
13.57
223.99



Example
(other area)






51-1
Whole plant
13.95
25.50
326.64





29.55
29.67
429.82





39.57
34.21
640.63



51-2
Roots
18.88
22.30
251.32





27.94
30.80
541.90





39.36
34.68
688.18



51-3
Stems
14.69
21.01
339.07





23.22
31.45
492.49





36.18
37.45
788.18



51-4
Leaves
12.94
23.12
354.45





20.50
32.29
516.72





28.41
35.01
712.28



51-5
Fruits
14.06
23.22
330.97





20.56
31.46
539.64





27.26
35.17
630.25



51-6
Flowers
14.74
20.89
236.47





16.42
25.16
361.37





30.24
30.64
437.40





















TABLE 97











Anti-oxidation







IC50
Anti-bacteria


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)






Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol 2%






7.5 ppm



51
Evening Primrose
Oenothera biennisL.
Evening

Bacteria: P.aeruginosa





Primrose




Comparative
Baby Evening
Oenothera Laciniata

5.14
Fungi: A.niger 1%


Example
Primrose






Comparative
Evening Primrose


2.21



Example
(other area)






51-1
Whole plant


0.44
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2


51-2
Roots


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1


51-3
Stems


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi:







0.125


51-4
Leaves


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125


51-5
Fruits


0.86
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5


51-6
Flowers


0.37
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1







MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5







MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria




(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Size of growth
Size of growth




inhibition ring
inhibition ring












No.
Sample
(mm)
(mm)







Control group
Untreated
Untreated





0 mm
0 mm



51
Evening Primrose





Comparative
Baby Evening
8.6
8.5



Example
Primrose





Comparative
Evening Primrose
14.8
15.3



Example
(other area)





51-1
Whole plant
25.1
24.6



51-2
Roots
14.4
14.6



51-3
Stems
17.5
11.3



51-4
Leaves
24.6
22.5



51-5
Fruits
17.4
10.2



51-6
Flowers
19.5
26.2









Example 52
Stolon Golden Saxifrage















TABLE 98










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm)
TGFb (10 ppb)
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF (10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


52
Stolon golden

Chrysosplenium
Stolon golden







saxifrage

flagelliferum
saxifrage









F. Schmidt







52-1
Whole plant
2


36.59
14.26
21.63
231.94




10


32.17
20.06
29.07
540.11




50


21.60
31.87
35.53
658.17


52-2
Roots
2


36.59
19.79
23.84
386.69




10


29.86
22.99
29.34
565.77




50


20.02
39.37
35.88
712.63


52-3
Stems
2


36.03
17.00
20.24
350.77




10


30.24
22.42
27.65
585.34




50


24.79
37.40
35.59
732.85


52-4
Leaves
2


36.75
17.43
24.32
284.59




10


30.74
27.82
30.61
438.64




50


25.97
36.92
38.66
781.17


52-5
Fruits
2


36.98
12.00
24.68
244.28




10


29.57
20.62
32.56
471.22




50


20.64
33.33
36.77
727.23


52-6
Flowers
2


37.74
19.59
24.68
309.36




10


31.52
29.23
33.48
474.74




50


24.28
34.00
39.22
607.46























TABLE 99











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria








(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)








Size of growth
Size of growth






Anti-oxidation
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A.niger 1%




52
Stolon golden
Chrysosplenium
Stolon golden







saxifrage
flagelliferum F.
saxifrage








Schmidt







52-1
Whole plant


0.80
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
16.9
18.5


52-2
Roots


0.02
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1
24.2
21.3


52-3
Stems


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
12.2
17.2


52-4
Leaves


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
17.8
10.9


52-5
Fruits


0.01
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2
11.0
14.2


52-6
Flowers


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
24.5
25.0









Example 53
Serrate-Petal Rockfoil












TABLE 100









Conc.


Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


53
Serrate-petal

Saxifraga fortunei
Serrate-petal




rockfoil

var. incisolobata
rockfoil






(Engl. & Irmsch.)







Nakai




Comparative
Saxifrage
50
Saxifraga Sarmentosa

75.71


Example







53-1
Whole plant
2


36.24




10


31.41




50


21.94


53-2
Roots
2


37.48




10


33.12




50


24.52


53-3
Stems
2


37.19




10


32.02




50


22.65


53-4
Leaves
2


35.51




10


33.45




50


20.29


53-5
Fruits
2


37.26




10


29.18




50


23.17


53-6
Flowers
2


36.25




10


33.27




50


25.30
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
Moisturizing













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
HA synthesis (%)







Control 
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF(10 ppb) 320%




group






53
Serrate-petal







rockfoil






Comparative
Saxifrage
2.97
2.30
81.06



Example







53-1
Whole plant
14.99
24.26
304.59





29.39
29.47
432.81





36.98
36.25
722.55



53-2
Roots
14.15
21.98
391.12





24.91
33.02
485.04





36.48
36.27
718.62



53-3
Stems
16.78
21.00
348.27





25.75
31.39
535.01





32.13
34.94
680.48



53-4
Leaves
11.60
26.25
221.32





26.97
30.95
538.37





38.26
37.93
789.68



53-5
Fruits
11.61
26.72
389.54





22.17
29.96
524.36





33.69
35.59
600.26



53-6
Flowers
15.69
21.10
319.30





22.89
32.94
501.22





31.21
34.93
739.52




















TABLE 101











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


53
Serrate-petal rockfoil
Saxifraga fortunei var.
Serrate-petal





incisolobata (Engl. & Irmsch.)
rockfoil





Nakai




Comparative
Saxifrage
Saxifraga Sarmentosa

4.65


Example






53-1
Whole plant


0.18


53-2
Roots


0.25


53-3
Stems


0.69


53-4
Leaves


0.07


53-5
Fruits


0.12


53-6
Flowers


0.12

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)





Size of growth
Size of growth













No.
Sample
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%





53
Serrate-petal rockfoil






Comparative
Saxifrage
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: >2
10.5
10.8



Example







53-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 1
26.1
23.1



53-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
8.8
10.9



53-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
18.0
23.1



53-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
11.5
9.7



53-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
25.6
18.3



53-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
16.1
16.3









Example 54
Ulleungdo Deadnettle












TABLE 102









Conc.


Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control Group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


54
Ulleungdo

Lamium takesimense
Ulleungdo




deadnettle

NAKAI.
deadnettle



Comparative
Deadnettle
50
Lamium Album

78.41


Example







54-1
Whole plant
2


35.02




10


28.57




50


23.28


54-2
Roots
2


37.32




10


27.09




50


25.40


54-3
Stems
2


37.23




10


33.64




50


26.37


54-4
Leaves
2


34.00




10


30.87




50


26.75


54-5
Fruits
2


34.98




10


27.73




50


20.69


54-6
Flowers
2


34.02




10


29.85




50


26.21
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of
Moisturizing













No.
Sample
(% of control)
NO production (%)
HA synthesis (%)







Control Group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



54
Ulleungdo







deadnettle






Comparative
Deadnettle
10.29
3.06
54.28



Example







54-1
Whole plant
11.63
26.42
384.50





29.08
32.93
501.69





38.86
37.60
687.74



54-2
Roots
13.70
20.03
377.20





24.49
38.40
537.75





33.48
39.61
703.10



54-3
Stems
17.90
21.52
348.69





22.15
31.40
452.58





36.21
37.74
696.56



54-4
Leaves
13.25
20.88
270.20





25.66
31.85
459.14





32.55
35.21
794.73



54-5
Fruits
12.86
22.31
288.52





25.92
30.60
541.29





37.78
38.43
683.72



54-6
Flowers
11.57
24.33
364.82





26.66
29.10
590.29





38.76
34.26
793.67




















TABLE 103











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


54
Ulleungdo
Lamium takesimense
Ulleungdo




deadnettle
NAKAI.
deadnettle



Comparative
Deadnettle
Lamium Album

5.58


Example






54-1
Whole plant


0.25


54-2
Roots


0.30


54-3
Stems


0.97


54-4
Leaves


0.50


54-5
Fruits


0.52


54-6
Flowers


0.70















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria




(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Size of growth
Size of growth



Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring













No.
Sample
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%





54
Ulleungdo







deadnettle






Comparative
Deadnettle
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 2
9.2
8.7



Example







54-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25
18.7
18.9



54-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
23.6
20.8



54-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
13.3
15.2



54-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5
15.3
14.2



54-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25
8.3
15.5



54-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
17.8
21.1









Example 55
Island Ninebark












TABLE 104









Conc.


Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


55
Island ninebark

Physocarpus insularis
Island ninebark



Comparative
Amur ninebark
50
Physocarpus Amurensis

84.95


Example







55-1
Whole plant
2


39.08




10


31.54




50


21.39


55-2
Roots
2


35.36




10


27.67




50


25.98


55-3
Bark
2


37.40




10


31.43




50


22.56


55-4
Leaves
2


38.97




10


32.73




50


26.73


55-5
Fruits
2


34.72




10


31.37




50


26.66


55-6
Flowers
2


39.69




10


30.86




50


24.56
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
Moisturizing HA













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
synthesis (%)







Control 
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%




group






55
Island 







ninebark






Comparative
Amur 
12.40
1.37
37.94



Example
ninebark






55-1
Whole plant
19.41
24.50
209.87





21.11
29.82
530.10





38.46
38.03
737.07



55-2
Roots
11.77
23.29
279.45





22.89
28.21
431.74





37.91
34.96
720.19



55-3
Bark
16.95
21.42
206.82





20.25
31.85
443.81





35.96
38.13
661.64



55-4
Leaves
17.15
23.07
300.42





21.55
30.40
570.62





35.28
38.69
755.51



55-5
Fruits
11.53
24.42
349.79





25.60
29.22
591.94





35.49
39.44
653.78



55-6
Flowers
17.90
20.14
396.18





28.70
28.45
504.18





30.21
35.02
747.26





















TABLE 105











Anti-oxidation
Anti-bacteria


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)
MIC (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm
Hexanediol







Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%


55
Island ninebark
Physocarpus insularis
Island ninebark




Comparative
Amur ninebark
Physocarpus Amurensis

3.94
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: >2


Example







55-1
Whole plant


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25


55-2
Roots


0.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2


55-3
Bark


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25,







Fungi: 0.125


55-4
Leaves


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5


55-5
Fruits


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1


55-6
Flowers


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria




(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Size of growth
Size of growth












No.
Sample
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm



55
Island ninebark





Comparative
Amur ninebark
9.2
8.1



Example






55-1
Whole plant
21.6
24.7



55-2
Roots
13.9
16.8



55-3
Bark
17.9
23.3



55-4
Leaves
15.7
13.3



55-5
Fruits
8.6
22.7



55-6
Flowers
25.4
27.8









Example 56
Island Corydalis












TABLE 106









Conc.


Whitening


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
Melanin content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


56
Island corydalis

Corydalis ilistipes Nakai
Island corydalis



Comparative
Korean corydalis
50
Corydalis Turtschaninovii

91.92


Example







56-1
Whole plant
2


39.64




10


28.94




50


25.48


56-2
Roots
2


39.12




10


33.27




50


20.60


56-3
Stems
2


34.76




10


33.94




50


26.66


56-4
Leaves
2


38.58




10


27.73




50


21.32


56-5
Fruits
2


35.26




10


33.45




50


25.50


56-6
Flowers
2


38.37




10


28.41




50


25.38
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
Moisturizing













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
HA synthesis (%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



56
Island corydalis






Comparative
Korean corydalis
3.18
5.62
25.64



Example







56-1
Whole plant
15.87
20.04
356.83





20.92
30.49
412.62





32.77
39.74
772.97



56-2
Roots
13.74
24.42
328.98





25.94
29.40
583.96





30.62
38.45
674.76



56-3
Stems
12.57
21.91
331.05





27.51
31.72
545.46





31.17
25.08
604.62



56-4
Leaves
13.76
23.35
258.94





23.44
33.96
560.31





31.11
34.68
717.89



56-5
Fruits
17.70
23.70
327.70





28.79
33.41
449.69





30.96
37.80
784.95



56-6
Flowers
13.41
23.30
302.66





29.21
32.15
479.57





39.24
36.54
658.20




















TABLE 107











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


56
Island corydalis
Corydalis ilistipes Nakai
Island corydalis



Comparative
Korean corydalis
Corydalis Turtschaninovii

8.47


Example






56-1
Whole plant


0.97


56-2
Roots


0.44


56-3
Stems


0.38


56-4
Leaves


0.21


56-5
Fruits


0.91


56-6
Flowers


0.98

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P .gingivalis)




Anti-bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth













No.
Sample
MIC (%)
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa







2% Fungi: A.niger 1%





56
Island corydalis






Comparative
Korean 
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: >2
9.0
11.9



Example
corydalis






56-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
25.9
27.1



56-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.25
13.4
18.6



56-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
22.5
22.5



56-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
11.9
13.0





MIC (%)Fungi: 1





56-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.4
15.0





MIC (%)Fungi: 1





56-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
22.6
20.1





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125











Example 57
Ulleungdo Raspberry












TABLE 108









Conc.


Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm)


57
Ulleungdo raspberry

Rubus takesimensis Nakai
Ulleungdo raspberry



Comparative
Red raspberry
50
Rubus Idaeus

88.26


Example







57-1
Whole plant
2


35.52




10


29.30




50


24.59


57-2
Roots
2


36.20




10


29.89




50


21.49


57-3
Stems
2


38.43




10


27.47




50


24.59


57-4
Leaves
2


34.68




10


30.08




50


26.54


57-5
Fruits
2


36.61




10


29.00




50


24.52


57-6
Flowers
2


34.33




10


32.63




50


26.10
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of
Moisturizing













No.
Sample
(% of control)
NO production (%)
HA synthesis (%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



57
Ulleungdo raspberry






Comparative
Red raspberry
7.23
5.12
190.56



Example







57-1
Whole plant
18.45
21.88
212.06





20.35
31.14
599.34





35.92
37.45
799.77



57-2
Roots
15.02
25.11
269.16





20.18
30.97
533.24





32.12
38.29
618.28



57-3
Stems
19.94
21.47
325.60





28.81
29.09
593.48





37.81
35.85
749.63



57-4
Leaves
10.77
25.35
332.91





23.47
29.94
534.11





30.48
39.26
755.38



57-5
Fruits
18.20
24.11
305.69





28.90
30.69
402.85





34.50
34.28
650.34



57-6
Flowers
10.21
26.64
302.50





26.70
32.16
432.22





34.64
39.21
600.75




















TABLE 109











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


57
Ulleungdo raspberry
Rubus takesimensis Nakai
Ulleungdo raspberry



Comparative
Red raspberry
Rubus Idaeus

6.27


Example






57-1
Whole plant


0.56


57-2
Roots


0.19


57-3
Stems


0.76


57-4
Leaves


0.12


57-5
Fruits


0.67


57-6
Flowers


0.54

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)




Anti-bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth













No.
Sample
MIC (%)
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Hexanediol Bacteria:
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%





57
Ulleungdo raspberry






Comparative
Red raspberry
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2
10.2
11.8



Example







57-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.125
24.5
27.2



57-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
15.9
14.6



57-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
25.7
20.1



57-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
8.7
14.9





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25





57-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
21.4
10.9





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5





57-6

MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.7
16.6




Flowers
MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125









Example 58
Korea Dystaenia












TABLE 110







No.
Sample
Conc. (ppm)
Scientific name
English name
Whitening Melanin content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


58
Korea Dystaenia

Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitag
Korea Dystaenia



58-1
Whole plant
2


35.79




10


32.36




50


22.51


58-2
Roots
2


35.98




10


27.66




50


26.02


58-3
Stems
2


39.54




10


27.23




50


25.44


58-4
Leaves
2


34.93




10


33.42




50


28.82


58-5
Fruits
2


39.71




10


28.30




50


23.78


58-6
Flowers
2


38.83




10


33.66




50


21.78
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of
Moisturizing















No.
Sample
(% of control)
NO production (%)
HA synthesis (%)








Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF(10 ppb) 320%




58
Korea Dystaenia







58-1
Whole plant
16.06
21.05
275.71






23.15
29.41
498.69






35.58
38.15
664.44




58-2
Roots
10.72
21.58
351.33






20.10
31.30
500.37






30.30
33.63
679.52




58-3
Stems
15.38
20.69
279.07






20.58
29.96
541.11






32.18
32.74
764.16




58-4
Leaves
17.47
24.88
363.53






27.98
28.56
526.76






31.77
33.08
731.21




58-5
Fruits
15.34
23.59
241.39






21.95
32.68
462.67






36.43
37.84
727.07




58-6
Flowers
15.88
23.60
267.02






23.59
31.40
469.70















34.97
37.17
758.76




















TABLE 111











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


58
Korea Dystaenia
Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai)
Korea Dystaenia





Kitag




58-1
Whole plant


0.43


58-2
Roots


0.55


58-3
Stems


0.87


58-4
Leaves


0.20


58-5
Fruits


0.89


58-6
Flowers


0.99

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)





Size of growth
Size of growth













No.
Sample
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%





58
Korea Dystaenia
Fungi: A.niger 1%





58-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
24.1
21.3



58-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2
10.9
14.5



58-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
9.2
14.2



58-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.7
22.7





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25





58-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.2
20.4





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5





58-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.7
25.7





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5











Example 59
Ulleungdo Violet












TABLE 112












Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
Conc. (ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


59
Ulleungdo violet

Viola takeshimana Nakai
Ulleungdo violet



Comparative
Sweet violet
50
Viola Odorata

72.36


Example







59-1
Whole plant
2


36.20




10


27.81




50


20.44


59-2
Roots
2


35.90




10


27.60




50


20.85


59-3
Stems
2


38.00




10


29.56




50


23.42


59-4
Leaves
2


36.74




10


29.59




50


23.06


59-5
Fruits
2


37.12




10


32.95




50


23.64


59-6
Flowers
2


36.73




10


29.50




50


23.17
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
Moisturizing













No.
Sample
(% of control)
production (%)
HA synthesis (%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



59
Ulleungdo violet






Comparative
Sweet violet
3.74
1.27
120.35



Example







59-1
Whole plant
18.78
20.81
238.64





22.90
29.75
466.01





34.29
37.07
645.23



59-2
Roots
12.12
24.70
252.05





22.60
31.00
515.36





30.47
39.79
705.18



59-3
Stems
19.02
24.47
277.01





20.95
27.13
575.38





33.36
37.89
658.51



59-4
Leaves
17.43
24.13
363.57





21.49
31.24
562.86





33.71
38.37
758.61



59-5
Fruits
17.33
25.50
231.00





29.72
28.22
463.26





38.03
37.08
611.11



59-6
Flowers
17.77
26.96
398.74





24.68
33.30
410.85





30.30
38.10
675.69




















TABLE 113











Anti-oxidation


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
IC50 (%)






Control group


Vitamin C 7.5 ppm


59
Ulleungdo violet
Viola takeshimana Nakai
Ulleungdo violet



Comparative
Sweet violet
Viola Odorata

9.21


Example






59-1
Whole plant


0.25


59-2
Roots


0.84


59-3
Stems


0.87


59-4
Leaves


0.51


59-5
Fruits


0.49


59-6
Flowers


0.21

















Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria





(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)





Size of growth
Size of growth













No.
Sample
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
inhibition ring (mm)
inhibition ring (mm)







Control group
Hexanediol
Untreated 0 mm
Untreated 0 mm





Bacteria: P.aeruginosa 2%







Fungi: A.niger 1%





59
Ulleungdo violet






Comparative
Sweet violet
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2
17.5
19.8



Example







59-1
Whole plant
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
21.0
23.7



59-2
Roots
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2
20.2
18.4



59-3
Stems
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
25.3
20.4



59-4
Leaves
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
14.6
11.7





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.25





59-5
Fruits
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.2
10.1





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.5





59-6
Flowers
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.7
9.0





MIC (%)Fungi: 0.125











Example 60
Spindle Tree












TABLE 114












Whitening Melanin


No.
Sample
Conc. (ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)






Control group



Arbutin (200 ppm) 35%


60
Spindle Tree

Euonymus japonicus Thunb.
Spindle Tree



Comparative
Korean spindle tree
50
Euonymus sachalinensis

82.34


Example







60-1
Whole plant
2


39.32




10


29.75




50


22.60


60-2
Roots
2


36.51




10


30.47




50


22.95


60-3
Stems
2


37.09




10


29.16




50


20.86


60-4
Leaves
2


35.66




10


31.48




50


24.43


60-5
Fruits
2


37.26




10


29.84




50


25.04


60-6
Flowers
2


34.37




10


27.81




50


20.01
















Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation





Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of
Moisturizing HA













No.
Sample
(% of control)
NO production (%)
synthesis (%)







Control group
TGFb (10 ppb) 25%
L-NMMA (5 ppm) 28%
EGF (10 ppb) 320%



60
Spindle Tree






Comparative
Korean spindle 
1.12
2.54
56.34



Example
tree






60-1
Whole plant
16.61
23.11
380.72





20.02
27.40
505.95





34.72
36.75
604.95



60-2
Roots
11.00
26.36
392.74





29.61
29.51
600.41





34.27
35.80
730.26



60-3
Stems
19.05
23.14
202.93





20.25
27.84
414.03





37.18
37.54
648.42



60-4
Leaves
16.85
24.69
282.19





29.43
27.19
453.32





38.83
37.66
642.30



60-5
Fruits
11.81
23.89
208.93





22.01
28.10
533.39





31.57
38.76
629.87



60-6
Flowers
13.44
23.24
325.66





20.40
29.56
483.29





30.11
38.91
793.18























TABLE 115











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




60
Spindle Tree
Euonymus japonicus
Spindle Tree








Thunb.







Comparative
Korean
Euonymus

2.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
9.7
9.1


Example
spindle tree
sachalinensis


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




60-1
Whole plant


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.2
20.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




60-2
Roots


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
10.5
12.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




60-3
Stems


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.9
13.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




60-4
Leaves


0.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.8
20.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




60-5
Fruits


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.0
10.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




60-6
Flowers


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.8
19.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 61
Crimson Grapevine















TABLE 116










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


61
Crimson

Vitis coignetiae
Crimson







grapevine

Pulliat ex Planch.
grapevine






Comparative
Grape
50
Vitis Vinifera

95.32
3.34
2.56
76.43


Example


(Grape) Fruit Water







Comparative
Crimson
50


57.82
15.36
14.45
165.33


Example
grapevine










(other area)









61-1
Whole plant
2


32.22
15.88
25.98
408.55




10


25.14
20.19
41.07
683.78




50


14.44
42.33
55.90
849.00


61-2
Roots
2


32.08
18.83
21.04
344.14




10


23.78
25.79
28.65
415.52




50


35.87
30.71
35.03
682.84


61-3
Stems
2


32.50
12.01
22.60
291.68




10


23.71
23.88
27.88
574.32




50


39.42
36.04
34.97
750.46


61-4
Leaves
2


30.02
15.03
23.12
248.58




10


21.78
28.06
27.60
495.36




50


37.37
30.68
38.63
613.55


61-5
Fruits
2


31.99
14.81
24.60
221.57




10


24.21
27.48
31.27
400.96




50


34.37
38.59
38.41
760.87


61-6
Flowers
2


27.81
13.44
25.49
331.35




10


20.01
20.40
28.11
454.63




50



30.11
35.49
794.05























TABLE 117











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




61
Crimson
Vitis coignetiae
Crimson







grapevine
Pulliat ex Planch.
grapevine






Comparative
Grape
Vitis Vinifera

2.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
0.0
0.0


Example

(Grape) Fruit Water


MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Comparative
Crimson grapevine


3.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
8.2
9.4


Example
(other area)



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




61-1
Whole plant


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
17.3
16.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




61-2
Roots


0.30
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.4
17.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




61-3
Stems


0.74
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
23.4
21.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




61-4
Leaves


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.2
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




61-5
Fruits


0.41
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.8
16.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




61-6
Flowers


0.28
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
17.1
21.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 62
Aralia continentalis















TABLE 118










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


62
Aralia

Aralia cordata
Aralia







continentalis

var. continentalis
continentalis









(Kitag.) Y. C. Chu







Comparative
American
50
Aralia Racemosa

89.23
5.23
5.34
66.87


Example
spikenard









Comparative
Aralia
50


66.58
12.61
12.60
105.41


Example
continentalis










(other area)









62-1
Whole plant
2


39.28
14.41
25.98
317.84




10


31.42
26.00
31.07
507.23




50


23.10
38.66
35.90
626.10


62-2
Roots
2


37.60
19.53
21.04
214.14




10


28.26
24.36
28.65
590.21




50


23.13
36.31
35.03
608.17


62-3
Stems
2


36.58
11.61
22.60
245.41




10


31.58
29.45
27.88
452.94




50


26.32
35.33
34.97
761.80


62-4
Leaves
2


37.43
14.78
23.12
394.75




10


28.61
20.46
27.60
426.68




50


21.28
30.12
38.63
650.68


62-5
Fruits
2


39.19
17.14
24.60
259.10




10


28.96
20.59
31.27
492.63




50


24.77
32.77
38.41
625.32


62-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
20.43
276.09




10


27.81
20.40
32.34
455.01




50


20.01
30.11
35.96
627.68























TABLE 119











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




62
Aralia
Aralia cordata
Aralia







continentalis
var. continentalis
continentalis








(Kitag.) Y. C. Chu







Comparative
American
Aralia Racemosa

3.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
9.6
9.6


Example
spikenard



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Comparative
Aralia


3.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.2
11.5


Example
continentalis



MIC (%) Fungi: 2





(other area)








62-1
Whole plant


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
19.3
24.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




62-2
Roots


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
8.5
8.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




62-3
Stems


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.9
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




62-4
Leaves


0.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.4
24.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




62-5
Fruits


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
11.5
9.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




62-6
Flowers


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.8
8.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 63
Japanese Angelica















TABLE 120










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 Ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


63
Japanese

Aralia elata
Japanese







Angelica

(Miq.) Seem.
Angelica






Comparative
American
50
Aralia Racemosa

89.23
5.23
5.34
66.87


Example
spikenard









Comparative
Japanese
50


76.58
16.85
11.60
244.41


Example
Angelica










(other area)









63-1
Whole plant
2


39.81
19.60
23.91
296.54




10


33.97
22.11
32.00
454.69




50


26.10
37.22
37.55
769.13


63-2
Roots
2


34.90
13.86
20.55
290.93




10


32.78
24.54
32.39
455.13




50


25.51
31.82
34.95
779.22


63-3
Stems
2


36.66
18.28
21.70
205.08




10


30.99
29.99
30.41
465.64




50


20.28
34.15
37.03
635.56


63-4
Leaves
2


38.92
12.68
24.53
255.20




10


29.01
26.37
33.64
544.83




50


20.79
38.33
34.47
610.78


63-5
Fruits
2


37.27
16.63
25.55
361.49




10


33.82
28.20
32.69
519.50




50


24.26
39.00
39.16
602.39


63-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
25.97
296.88




10


27.81
20.40
29.67
516.40




50


20.01
30.11
39.88
750.27


63-7
Shoots
2


39.07
15.89
22.17
352.19




10


33.76
22.69
28.37
549.85




50


22.00
35.56
38.97
666.01























TABLE 121











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




63
Japanese
Aralia elata
Japanese







Angelica
(Miq.) Seem.
Angelica






Comparative
American
Aralia Racemosa

3.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
8.0
9.9


Example
spikenard



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Comparative
Japanese


2.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.8
9.7


Example
Angelica



MIC (%) Fungi: 1





(other area)








63-1
Whole plant


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
17.9
19.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




63-2
Roots


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
16.4
19.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




63-3
Stems


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
22.3
23.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




63-4
Leaves


0.67
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.5
14.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




63-5
Fruits


0.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
22.6
21.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




63-6
Flowers


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
15.7
11.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




63-7
Shoots


0.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
11.4
8.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 64
Glossy-Leaf Paper Plant















TABLE 122










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


64
Glossy-leaf

Fatsia japonica
Glossy-leaf







paper plant

(Thunb.) Decne. &
paper plant









Planch.







Comparative
Glossy-leaf
50


86.58
2.42
11.60
114.41


Example
paper plant










(other area)









64-1
Whole plant
2


37.45
18.61
20.13
245.46




10


32.44
24.19
28.16
540.61




50


24.25
36.65
35.63
666.75


64-2
Roots
2


38.41
15.81
23.24
279.07




10


28.06
27.97
28.95
495.20




50


20.21
30.82
36.33
723.24


64-3
Stems
2


36.77
12.06
20.47
348.86




10


31.45
22.99
33.78
408.25




50


26.52
34.91
34.35
636.95


64-4
Leaves
2


37.25
16.73
24.24
225.89




10


32.73
27.21
28.14
458.51




50


26.18
32.93
38.26
642.56


64-5
Fruits
2


34.35
19.97
25.27
253.57




10


28.91
24.20
33.72
469.64




50


26.77
34.82
38.94
686.57


64-6
Flowers
2


34.37
13.44
25.79
292.97




10


27.81
20.40
32.55
469.32




50


20.01
30.11
36.38
708.80























TABLE 123











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




64
Glossy-leaf
Fatsia japonica
Glossy-leaf







paper plant
(Thunb.) Decne. &
paper plant








Planch.







Comparative
Glossy-leaf


1.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
10.4
8.5


Example
paper plant



MIC (%) Fungi: 1





(other area)








64-1
Whole plant


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.0
25.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




64-2
Roots


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
18.4
14.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




64-3
Stems


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.4
16.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




64-4
Leaves


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.0
23.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




64-5
Fruits


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.9
12.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




64-6
Flowers


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.0
15.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 65
Three-Leaf Clematis















TABLE 124










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


65
Three-leaf

Clematis apiifolia
Three-leaf







clematis

DC.
clematis






Comparative
Clematis
50
Clematis Vitalba

85.54
10.47
2.38
65.47


Example










65-1
Whole plant
2


37.52
13.96
24.37
259.29




10


28.36
23.80
30.85
517.54




50


25.35
39.09
39.71
610.96


65-2
Roots
2


37.84
14.46
22.23
346.50




10


29.96
21.33
27.40
481.97




50


26.52
33.97
34.78
666.78


65-3
Stems
2


37.03
12.60
24.12
247.92




10


33.98
23.25
32.15
524.23




50


26.87
35.49
36.74
605.86


65-4
Leaves
2


34.16
13.84
22.63
233.90




10


31.93
20.54
32.12
411.84




50


21.90
39.60
35.02
612.26


65-5
Fruits
2


37.95
11.39
26.47
302.07




10


31.47
20.52
32.26
574.17




50


23.59
33.71
36.38
710.86


65-6
Flowers
2


36.25
16.47
26.71
386.59




10


32.25
29.84
28.47
557.17




50


25.58
35.29
35.98
734.71























TABLE 125











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




65
Three-leaf
Clematis apiifolia
Three-leaf







clematis
DC.
clematis






Comparative
Clematis
Clematis Vitalba

7.48
MIC (%) Bacteria,
9.2
8.8


Example




Fungi: >2




65-1
Whole plant


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
21.6
24.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




65-2
Roots


0.26
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
21.6
11.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




65-3
Stems


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.9
15.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




65-4
Leaves


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
21.3
9.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




65-5
Fruits


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
26.2
14.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




65-6
Flowers


0.05
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
17.1
15.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 66
Lyre-Leaf Nightshade















TABLE 126










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


66
Lyre-leaf

Solanum lyratum
Lyre-leaf







nightshade

Thunb.
nightshade






Comparative
Tomato
50
Solanum

93.21
7.28
2.14
84.19


Example


Lycopersicum







66-1
Whole plant
2


36.68
16.83
20.25
239.79




10


32.11
27.46
30.93
423.49




50


23.19
37.75
35.93
777.92


66-2
Roots
2


36.65
15.33
20.40
314.55




10


28.42
28.98
28.38
598.91




50


23.93
31.59
39.09
750.34


66-3
Stems
2


34.70
19.09
26.61
245.91




10


31.98
23.39
33.86
458.53




50


22.20
31.38
34.41
685.22


66-4
Leaves
2


38.13
11.21
22.50
284.06




10


32.90
27.05
29.51
519.30




50


24.98
38.60
39.10
753.34


66-5
Fruits
2


34.68
17.96
24.33
400.53




10


27.49
23.68
31.23
443.47




50


24.80
34.55
37.69
606.11


66-6
Flowers
2


34.98
11.31
21.80
341.11




10


28.55
27.01
29.28
576.44




50


25.17
33.24
36.70
794.68























TABLE 127











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




66
Lyre-leaf
Solanum lyratum
Lyre-leaf







nightshade
Thunb.
nightshade






Comparative
Tomato
Solanum

3.29
MIC (%) Bacteria,
0.0
0.0


Example

Lycopersicum


Fungi: >2




66-1
Whole plant


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
20.5
15.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




66-2
Roots


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
10.0
14.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




66-3
Stems


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
16.1
22.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




66-4
Leaves


0.09
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
26.4
14.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




66-5
Fruits


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
23.5
25.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




66-6
Flowers


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
12.7
20.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 67
Ivy Morning Glory















TABLE 128










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


67
Ivy

Calystegia hederacea
Ivy







morning glory

Wall.
morning glory






Comparative
Convolvulus
50
Calystegia Sepium

85.14
15.56
5.33
64.52


Example










67-1
Whole plant
2


38.64
16.33
25.11
235.21




10


32.30
24.08
32.94
406.90




50


21.02
36.03
38.04
627.45


67-2
Roots
2


34.06
10.35
23.95
329.07




10


33.40
24.23
32.64
583.00




50


21.07
31.04
39.75
714.13


67-3
Stems
2


35.55
18.48
25.12
349.26




10


28.21
28.01
32.23
405.88




50


24.42
30.25
39.96
669.08


67-4
Leaves
2


39.22
15.54
21.55
348.95




10


32.63
25.59
32.70
526.26




50


23.85
39.02
37.20
650.78


67-5
Fruits
2


35.41
15.59
20.04
300.06




10


32.56
28.31
32.67
416.83




50


26.07
32.69
36.37
794.47


67-6
Flowers
2


36.27
19.81
23.38
276.47




10


28.45
20.56
31.48
586.01




50


20.28
36.45
37.17
662.34


67-7
Shoots
2


36.98
12.58
23.24
242.25




10


30.33
22.60
31.52
589.80




50


23.23
31.32
37.31
695.08


67-8
Underground
2


36.20
11.17
25.75
355.04



stems











10


31.55
22.27
31.74
536.31




50


26.13
33.26
37.62
705.69























TABLE 129











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




67
Ivy
Calystegia hederacea
Ivy







morning glory
Wall.
morning glory






Comparative
Convolvulus
Calystegia Sepium

7.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
8.1
11.1


Example




Fungi: 1




67-1
Whole plant


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.1
27.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




67-2
Roots


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
18.5
20.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




67-3
Stems


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.7
24.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




67-4
Leaves


0.24
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.3
25.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




67-5
Fruits


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.0
15.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




67-6
Flowers


0.26
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
21.5
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




67-7
Shoots


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.0
20.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




67-8
Underground


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.0
22.9



stems













MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 68
Beach Morning Glory















TABLE 130










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


68
Beach

Calystegia soldanella
Beach







morning glory

(L.) Roem & Schult.
morning glory






Comparative
Convolvulus
50
Calystegia Sepium

85.14
15.56
5.33
64.52


Example










68-1
Whole plant
2


38.02
17.78
25.89
276.45




10


31.51
26.14
33.55
429.08




50


23.85
32.15
37.39
746.07


68-2
Roots
2


39.44
11.12
22.08
231.29




10


28.06
29.12
33.41
581.52




50


24.66
31.50
34.77
760.42


68-3
Stems
2


37.85
16.50
22.92
399.08




10


31.67
24.51
30.99
578.28




50


21.36
32.89
38.80
708.35


68-4
Leaves
2


37.60
10.55
25.30
321.80




10


28.42
27.50
31.05
592.86




50


26.17
35.64
36.35
645.27


68-5
Fruits
2


34.78
17.61
21.45
389.10




10


27.14
28.27
32.01
401.26




50


21.73
32.35
39.56
606.85


68-6
Flowers
2


39.99
11.60
24.37
396.05




10


30.69
28.93
28.78
553.19




50


26.96
35.80
37.03
692.82


68-7
Shoots
2


37.02
17.85
24.52
267.00




10


33.34
27.70
33.75
541.63




50


22.71
31.02
34.83
793.25


68-8
Underground
2


38.57
14.04
23.21
244.39



stems











10


32.36
28.32
31.65
589.79




50


23.13
31.38
36.58
786.22























TABLE 131











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




68
Beach
Calystegia soldanella
Beach







morning glory
(L.) Roem. & Schult.
morning glory






Comparative
Convolvulus
Calystegia Sepium

7.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
8.9
9.4


Example




Fungi: 1




68-1
Whole plant


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
19.8
16.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




68-2
Roots


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.3
14.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




68-3
Stems


0.16
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
17.6
13.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




68-4
Leaves


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.0
9.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




68-5
Fruits


0.09
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
14.9
10.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




68-6
Flowers


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
16.3
26.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




68-7
Shoots


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.5
12.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




68-8
Underground


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
15.4
10.7



stems













MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 69
East Asian Beautyberry















TABLE 132










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


69
East Asian

Callicarpa japonica
East Asian







beautyberry

Thunb.
beautyberry






Comparative
Purple
50
Callicarpa Dichotoma

74.64
15.12
2.41
54.26


Example
beautyberry









69-1
Whole plant
2


39.15
15.22
26.94
400.97




10


31.26
20.91
28.04
577.41




50


21.32
36.26
36.46
695.41


69-2
Roots
2


38.49
17.26
21.19
209.06




10


27.03
28.92
30.16
480.34




50


24.94
36.82
39.89
672.78


69-3
Stems
2


35.78
11.06
21.65
273.62




10


27.98
27.69
31.54
451.81




50


21.62
36.69
35.57
742.09


69-4
Leaves
2


36.83
12.80
20.45
275.43




10


27.38
27.16
25.17
498.65




50


26.57
30.10
30.51
661.64


69-5
Fruits
2


34.78
12.00
20.71
244.98




10


29.89
21.03
32.88
466.34




50


20.89
32.39
39.78
775.51


69-6
Flowers
2


34.53
12.54
24.08
356.14




10


29.80
29.54
27.48
559.12




50


21.53
36.73
37.04
727.81























TABLE 133











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




69
East Asian
Callicarpa japonica
East Asian







beautyberry
Thunb.
beautyberry






Comparative
Purple
Callicarpa Dichotoma

3.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
11.5
11.0


Example
beautyberry



Fungi: 2




69-1
Whole plant


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.5
20.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




69-2
Roots


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
17.3
14.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




69-3
Stems


0.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
13.6
12.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




69-4
Leaves


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
11.5
12.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




69-5
Fruits


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
25.3
25.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




69-6
Flowers


0.04
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
9.1
19.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 70
Korean Mint















TABLE 134










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


70
Korean mint

Agastache rugosa
Korean mint









(Fisch. & C. A. Mev)










Kuntze







Comparative
Anise hyssop
50
Agastache Foeniculum

93.66
8.54
3.15
32.80


Example










70-1
Whole plant
2


37.70
12.32
20.50
348.18




10


29.90
29.00
33.30
473.40




50


25.29
37.87
34.03
719.57


70-2
Roots
2


37.78
10.19
26.81
281.13




10


30.20
29.57
31.81
411.91




50


21.84
39.06
39.55
788.31


70-3
Stems
2


37.46
19.38
24.92
368.86




10


29.99
25.20
33.96
549.40




50


24.99
30.60
35.82
763.35


70-4
Leaves
2


36.23
17.25
24.54
218.66




10


30.26
29.65
30.89
542.20




50


25.01
31.94
34.40
754.76


70-5
Fruits
2


35.27
13.94
26.74
272.11




10


30.59
28.81
29.95
405.97




50


26.97
33.09
36.94
693.34


70-6
Flowers
2


36.66
19.88
21.38
261.56




10


29.81
26.47
28.47
418.52




50


25.43
35.27
36.54
622.59























TABLE 135











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




70
Korean mint
Agastache rugosa
Korean mint








(Fisch. & C. A. Mev)









Kuntze







Comparative
Anise hyssop
Agastache Foeniculum

6.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
9.6
8.4


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




70-1
Whole plant


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
15.5
16.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




70-2
Roots


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.9
16.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




70-3
Stems


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.4
10.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




70-4
Leaves


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
10.4
11.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




70-5
Fruits


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.5
12.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




70-6
Flowers


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
27.1
24.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 71
Small-Flower Asian Calamint















TABLE 136










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


71
Small-flower

Clinopodium chinense
Small-flower







Asian calamint

var. parviflorum
Asian calamint









(Kudo) H. Hara







71-1
Whole plant
2


39.05
19.09
25.67
212.59




10


27.46
21.25
31.95
405.11




50


25.13
34.77
35.04
691.93


71-2
Roots
2


38.04
16.00
22.54
221.35




10


32.20
25.27
30.65
403.43




50


20.89
36.83
34.01
779.37


71-3
Stems
2


36.15
13.73
26.33
260.07




10


29.72
21.66
32.13
541.45




50


26.33
32.25
35.65
776.96


71-4
Leaves
2


34.47
15.37
26.86
342.94




10


28.65
28.42
33.18
507.66




50


23.97
33.54
34.53
691.76


71-5
Fruits
2


36.79
16.97
26.91
271.18




10


31.14
20.86
31.09
549.19




50


25.16
34.43
35.50
647.63


71-6
Flowers
2


34.71
17.31
21.22
220.91




10


31.93
26.59
29.99
497.80




50


25.02
31.59
38.60
634.77























TABLE 137











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




71
Small-flower
Clinopodium chinense
Small-flower







Asian calamint
var. parviflorum
Asian calamint








(Kudo) H. Hara







71-1
Whole plant


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
25.3
23.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




71-2
Roots


0.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.3
23.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




71-3
Stems


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.9
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




71-4
Leaves


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
19.9
27.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




71-5
Fruits


0.60
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
8.5
9.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




71-6
Flowers


0.16
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.4
23.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 72
Henbit Deadnettle















TABLE 138










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Cone,


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


72
Henbit

Lamium amplexicaule
Henbit







deadnettle

L.
deadnettle






Comparative
Deadnettle
50
Lamium Album

95.57
11.23
4.43
31.32


Example










72-1
Whole plant
2


39.53
12.69
15.50
278.63




10


28.06
29.35
21.55
517.60




50


24.19
32.10
30.14
734.73


72-2
Roots
2


35.97
12.89
11.93
299.85




10


32.27
26.50
25.34
577.49




50


21.49
38.06
37.34
734.88


72-3
Stems
2


36.30
17.87
19.63
262.37




10


32.30
23.96
24.25
543.84




50


25.60
35.49
39.23
611.56


72-4
Leaves
2


36.90
10.45
10.39
238.11




10


31.07
27.41
25.75
475.57




50


26.92
31.72
36.24
776.24


72-5
Fruits
2


37.88
15.96
11.79
309.45




10


28.68
21.05
24.78
478.81




50


23.60
34.57
36.22
764.62


72-6
Flowers
2


38.78
14.63
16.55
382.92




10


31.88
25.75
27.35
514.77




50


26.62
30.18
36.64
778.50























TABLE 139











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




72
Henbit
Lamium amplexicaule
Henbit







deadnettle
L.
deadnettle






Comparative
Deadnettle
Lamium Album

5.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
8.5
8.1


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 1




72-1
Whole plant


0.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.3
15.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




72-2
Roots


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.6
9.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




72-3
Stems


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
13.0
16.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




72-4
Leaves


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
26.7
21.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




72-5
Fruits


0.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.6
22.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




72-6
Flowers


0.92
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
24.2
23.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 73
Oriental Motherwort















TABLE 140










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


73
Oriental

Leonurus japonicus
Oriental







motherwort

Houtt.
motherwort






Comparative
Leonurus cardiaca
50
Leonurus Cardiaca
motherwort
77.38
11.28
2.17
98.89


Example










73-1
Whole plant
2


38.56
13.52
22.63
270.14




10


30.27
26.46
30.90
460.52




50


21.34
31.55
39.50
672.99


73-2
Roots
2


37.08
12.90
23.40
306.15




10


32.84
21.09
31.02
509.48




50


26.79
38.51
34.98
721.68


73-3
Stems
2


38.83
11.63
22.59
250.02




10


27.96
28.21
32.41
408.30




50


20.10
34.73
36.43
794.16


73-4
Leaves
2


34.19
16.99
21.10
367.30




10


28.67
29.49
28.95
436.15




50


20.15
36.68
35.28
653.08


73-5
Fruits
2


37.41
12.48
25.19
305.01




10


28.36
27.03
32.82
512.05




50


25.09
31.77
36.93
632.87


73-6
Flowers
2


34.89
19.74
23.81
285.12




10


29.61
29.34
27.81
576.37




50


20.20
37.44
34.72
795.79























TABLE 141











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




73
Oriental
Leonurus japonicus
Oriental







motherwort
Houtt.
motherwort






Comparative
Leonurus cardiaca
Leonurus Cardiaca
motherwort
4.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
8.6
12.6


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




73-1
Whole plant


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
26.2
22.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




73-2
Roots


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.5
20.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




73-3
Stems


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
10.0
11.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




73-4
Leaves


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
24.5
15.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




73-5
Fruits


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
11.7
19.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




73-6
Flowers


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.3
17.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625









Example 74
Long-Stalk Low Meadow-Rue















TABLE 142










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


74
Long-stalk low

Thalictrum kemense
Long-stalk low







meadow-rue

Fr.
meadow-rue






Comparative
Columbine
50
Thalictrum

78.25
1.82
2.71
56.01


Example
meadow rue

aquilegiifolium







74-1
Whole plant
2


39.94
12.01
23.53
361.89




10


32.57
27.73
32.27
476.94




50


22.49
33.51
35.39
732.35


74-2
Roots
2


34.83
16.83
24.21
285.43




10


27.15
20.55
32.11
573.31




50


21.28
31.86
35.82
767.85


74-3
Stems
2


38.94
12.99
23.32
212.01




10


31.35
28.30
32.13
404.86




50


20.81
38.94
34.33
675.30


74-4
Leaves
2


39.63
19.63
26.34
358.95




10


29.32
20.42
31.61
489.81




50


26.18
31.66
38.66
663.75


74-5
Fruits
2


38.84
10.71
21.99
269.70




10


27.25
27.49
30.64
519.83




50


25.00
39.33
34.38
606.34


74-6
Flowers
2


36.99
10.91
20.25
204.87




10


32.22
22.45
29.59
477.59




50


25.36
38.40
36.91
759.73























TABLE 143











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




74
Long-stalk low
Thalictrum kemense
Long-stalk low







meadow-rue
Fr.
meadow-rue






Comparative
Columbine
Thalictrum

3.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.2
13.3


Example
meadow rue
aquilegiifolium


MIC (%) Fungi: 1




74-1
Whole plant


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
15.1
21.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




74-2
Roots


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.9
18.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




74-3
Stems


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
9.0
9.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




74-4
Leaves


0.06
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
18.6
26.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




74-5
Fruits


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
11.3
11.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




74-6
Flowers


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.3
9.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 75
Korean Spice Viburnum















TABLE 144










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


75
Korean spice

Viburnum carlesii
Korean spice







viburnum

Hemsl.
viburnum






Comparative
Linden
50
Viburnum Dilatatum

84.07
12.94
6.22
61.57


Example
viburnum









75-1
Whole plant
2


34.82
11.78
26.91
210.15




10


27.05
28.23
30.44
542.08




50


21.00
34.30
38.98
662.25


75-2
Roots
2


35.93
11.98
20.09
375.86




10


31.12
25.74
31.19
598.44




50


22.62
30.83
39.49
758.04


75-3
Stems
2


36.85
18.80
22.62
261.05




10


31.59
28.02
31.42
525.80




50


22.87
36.08
39.55
662.72


75-4
Leaves
2


37.64
16.33
24.71
389.70




10


30.85
25.78
33.59
553.58




50


22.67
34.75
34.38
793.82


75-5
Fruits
2


38.79
15.15
20.85
336.66




10


27.83
20.80
28.28
575.45




50


25.71
32.51
35.56
792.88


75-6
Flowers
2


39.50
19.04
25.03
225.12




10


31.42
20.95
29.95
580.31




50


23.38
31.04
39.93
669.19























TABLE 145











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




75
Korean spice
Viburnum carlesii
Korean spice







viburnum
Hemsl.
viburnum






Comparative
Linden
Viburnum Dilatatum

5.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
9.1
8.5


Example
viburnum



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




75-1
Whole plant


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.8
18.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




75-2
Roots


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
14.6
20.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.0625




75-3
Stems


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
9.0
8.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




75-4
Leaves


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
18.0
15.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




75-5
Fruits


0.21
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
8.6
18.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




75-6
Flowers


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.7
16.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 76
Asian Greater Celandine















TABLE 146










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-nflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


76
Asian greater

Chelidonium majus
Asian greater







celandine

var. asiaticum
celandine









(H. Hara) Ohwi







76-1
Whole plant
2


39.13
15.19
23.36
312.25




10


32.88
19.55
33.44
439.24




50


25.55
25.23
38.57
687.41


76-2
Roots
2


36.37
17.69
23.81
320.67




10


30.79
20.97
33.09
467.14




50


23.25
38.50
37.65
600.48


76-3
Stems
2


37.22
7.57
11.82
299.32




10


32.82
14.19
14.78
347.45




50


23.42
18.46
24.50
422.77


76-4
Leaves
2


35.35
7.31
10.46
296.07




10


30.59
19.35
18.97
529.14




50


22.15
28.31
28.18
695.56


76-5
Fruits
2


37.67
9.85
9.20
370.18




10


29.00
13.51
18.96
440.31




50


26.18
26.63
25.44
736.00


76-6
Flowers
2


36.92
7.69
23.57
317.83




10


28.86
10.97
28.82
535.06




50


24.30
18.50
39.20
757.37























TABLE 147











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




76
Asian greater
Chelidonium majus
Asian greater







celandine
var. asiaticum
celandine








(H. Hara) Ohwi







76-1
Whole plant


1.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
26.7
25.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




76-2
Roots


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.2
26.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




76-3
Stems


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.2
14.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




76-4
Leaves


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.6
18.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




76-5
Fruits


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.3
14.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




76-6
Flowers


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
22.9
24.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.06









Example 77
Seashore Spatulate Aster















TABLE 148










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


77
Seashore

Aster spathulifolius
Seashore







spatulate aster

Maxim.
spatulate aster






Comparative
Edible aster
50
Aster Scaber

98.28
14.55
1.65
224.15


Example










77-1
Whole plant
2


48.29
8.37
25.85
223.26




10


33.34
15.53
29.34
567.40




50


28.71
29.88
34.47
687.82


77-2
Roots
2


39.11
14.86
23.83
177.39




10


30.82
25.72
27.77
320.56




50


25.02
37.92
35.11
552.69


77-3
Stems
2


34.69
10.71
26.48
160.79




10


30.62
21.81
30.43
240.30




50


20.66
31.94
36.47
400.56


77-4
Leaves
2


36.76
10.31
23.93
155.15




10


27.20
24.88
28.24
265.59




50


21.94
31.69
39.13
415.56


77-5
Fruits
2


39.15
13.67
24.16
343.58




10


30.46
29.49
28.57
557.15




50


23.01
37.04
34.91
768.94


77-6
Flowers
2


24.92
19.52
24.58
201.60




10


20.86
24.74
31.07
566.81




50


16.09
39.88
37.98
731.69























TABLE 149











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




77
Seashore
Aster spathulifolius
Seashore







spatulate aster
Maxim.
spatulate aster






Comparative
Edible aster
Aster Scaber

4.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
8.5
9.5


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




77-1
Whole plant


0.63
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
19.7
23.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




77-2
Roots


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
11.0
19.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




77-3
Stems


0.92
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.1
13.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




77-4
Leaves


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
15.3
16.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




77-5
Fruits


0.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.8
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




77-6
Flowers


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
25.4
27.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13









Example 78
Leopard Plant















TABLE 150










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


78
Leopard plant

Farfugium japonicum
Leopard plant









(L.) Kitam.







78-1
Whole plant
2


37.02
17.49
24.96
381.68




10


31.43
25.66
28.41
449.98




50


23.44
29.02
33.29
530.61


78-2
Roots
2


39.65
10.71
22.53
213.51




10


29.48
26.00
31.81
425.37




50


24.20
39.45
36.67
653.00


78-3
Stems
2


36.68
19.39
24.79
304.91




10


28.39
25.17
32.37
403.42




50


20.37
37.80
36.68
603.67


78-4
Leaves
2


38.43
16.88
25.17
217.55




10


19.63
24.29
31.88
507.84




50


10.16
39.11
42.41
730.68


78-5
Fruits
2


37.46
12.23
20.48
271.20




10


28.86
21.41
28.30
540.80




50


23.14
28.98
37.67
695.19


78-6
Flowers
2


34.49
10.43
12.89
215.10




10


26.09
29.71
20.46
465.45




50


21.14
34.95
29.30
587.74























TABLE 151











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




78
Leopard plant
Farfugium japonicum
Leopard plant








(L.) Kitam.







78-1
Whole plant


0.97
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
19.7
17.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 2




78-2
Roots


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.6
27.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




78-3
Stems


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
14.3
13.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




78-4
Leaves


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
21.6
19.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




78-5
Fruits


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.8
9.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




78-6
Flowers


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.8
23.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1









Example 79
Oriental Yellowhead















TABLE 152










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


79
Oriental

Inula britannica
Oriental







yellowhead

var. japonica
yellowhead









(Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.







Comparative
Elecampane
50
Inula Helenium

78.85
6.33
2.85
26.04


Example










Comparative
Oriental
50
Inula britannica

62.83
15.61
11.90
207.35


Example
yellowhead

var. japonica








(other area)









79-1
Whole plant
2


39.40
16.42
23.58
316.64




10


30.94
25.94
29.08
449.47




50


20.99
38.51
34.86
708.12


79-2
Roots
2


38.95
19.56
23.68
388.83




10


32.66
21.69
27.59
467.49




50


24.95
35.26
38.62
665.58


79-3
Stems
2


39.53
18.43
24.32
287.87




10


27.35
22.20
31.71
452.08




50


20.65
35.13
37.34
651.19


79-4
Leaves
2


35.83
17.58
22.12
300.59




10


28.16
23.22
28.78
554.62




50


21.77
35.32
34.07
762.71


79-5
Fruits
2


38.69
14.95
24.40
375.27




10


28.60
24.78
27.74
502.59




50


21.08
31.95
34.00
597.14


79-6
Flowers
2


38.45
18.83
22.02
253.82




10


22.67
23.66
27.83
403.15




50


10.09
32.24
35.17
617.58























TABLE 153











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




79
Oriental
Inula britannica
Oriental







yellowhead
var. japonica
yellowhead








(Thunb.) Franch. & Sav.







Comparative
Elecampane
Inula Helenium

2.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
15.7
15.7


Example




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




Comparative
Oriental
Inula britannica

1.02
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
12.6
16.3


Example
yellowhead
var. japonica


MIC (%) Fungi: 1





(other area)








79-1
Whole plant


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.3
27.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




79-2
Roots


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.5
21.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




79-3
Stems


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.6
16.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




79-4
Leaves


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.13
16.5
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




79-5
Fruits


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
11.9
18.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




79-6
Flowers


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
11.6
12.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13









Example 80
Giant Butterbur















TABLE 154










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


80
Giant

Petasites japonicus
Giant







butterbur

(Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.
butterbur






Comparative
Reddish
50
Petasites rubellus

70.31
11.69
7.15
48.65


Example
butterbur









Comparative
Giant
50
Petasites japonicus

52.26
21.84
10.48
241.46


Example
butterbur

(Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.








(other area)









80-1
Whole plant
2


36.16
18.60
25.76
344.43




10


22.43
28.11
27.66
581.22




50


15.90
31.93
37.86
765.16


80-2
Roots
2


36.11
14.10
24.58
218.91




10


29.10
27.85
28.23
600.95




50


22.11
31.10
35.83
723.47


80-3
Stems
2


36.63
13.71
24.18
381.93




10


31.09
20.07
27.38
407.96




50


20.04
38.56
37.08
600.61


80-4
Leaves
2


34.53
16.26
23.31
285.92




10


21.08
27.64
33.28
487.43




50


18.00
38.41
38.35
736.70


80-5
Fruits
2


39.97
15.99
21.06
244.23




10


32.19
24.57
31.53
554.10




50


23.85
34.47
38.93
610.36


80-6
Flowers
2


39.28
10.11
20.54
287.29




10


28.11
24.08
27.91
448.04




50


25.47
37.65
34.46
661.44























TABLE 155











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




80
Giant
Petasites japonicus
Giant







butterbur
(Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.
butterbur






Comparative
Reddish
Petasites rubellus

2.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
12.0
10.3


Example
butterbur



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




Comparative
Giant
Petasites japonicus

1.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
10.2
18.9


Example
butterbur
(Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim.


MIC (%) Fungi: 1





(other area)








80-1
Whole plant


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.1
25.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




80-2
Roots


0.80
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.06
16.2
15.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




80-3
Stems


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
19.3
23.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.13




80-4
Leaves


0.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.7
15.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




80-5
Fruits


0.68
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
8.6
16.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




80-6
Flowers


0.10
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
22.5
21.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 81
Ciliated-Fruit Sedge















TABLE 156










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


81
Ciliated-fruit

Carex blepharicarpa
Ciliated-fruit







sedge

Franch.
sedge






Comparative
Asiatic sand
50
Carex Kobomugi

93.17
4.27
8.86
28.11


Example
sedge









81-1
Whole plant
2


37.52
10.62
26.95
350.96




10


28.47
23.08
28.69
437.36




50


23.20
30.50
34.01
639.16


81-2
Roots
2


39.53
16.95
23.45
195.81




10


33.05
23.10
32.63
288.51




50


20.37
36.96
37.09
581.18


81-3
Stems
2


35.42
10.32
26.54
213.12




10


27.51
22.22
28.64
536.16




50


22.77
37.98
37.07
691.36


81-4
Leaves
2


28.34
14.55
23.74
374.75




10


19.31
23.74
33.17
504.99




50


13.28
45.65
37.12
771.58


81-5
Fruits
2


37.07
15.03
26.86
298.06




10


32.63
23.51
30.93
556.21




50


23.14
33.20
38.25
718.52


81-6
Flowers
2


35.40
11.78
23.45
225.83




10


33.82
20.03
31.87
453.83




50


22.17
30.70
36.25
619.43























TABLE 157











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




81
Ciliated-fruit
Carex blepharicarpa
Ciliated-fruit







sedge
Franch.
sedge






Comparative
Asiatic sand
Carex Kobomugi

1.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
8.5
12.2


Example
sedge



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




81-1
Whole plant


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
21.6
25.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




81-2
Roots


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
8.4
15.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




81-3
Stems


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
15.0
13.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




81-4
Leaves


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.9
19.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




81-5
Fruits


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.8
17.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




81-6
Flowers


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.6
8.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 82
Short-Stem Sedge















TABLE 158










Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
Anti-inflammation








Melanin
Collagen
Inhibition of
Moisturizing




Conc.


content
synthesis
NO production
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
(%)
(% of control)
(%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


82
Short-stem

Carex breviculmis
Short-stem







sedge

R. Br.
sedge






Comparative
Low sedge
50
Carex Humilis

89.34
13.25
5.25
45.34


Example










82-1
Whole plant
2


38.61
17.53
25.30
257.94




10


29.86
21.83
31.63
498.46




50


20.03
33.36
37.98
714.51


82-2
Roots
2


35.41
11.17
23.44
349.59




10


27.16
23.62
28.01
468.27




50


26.05
32.20
38.67
629.88


82-3
Stems
2


35.33
19.04
23.59
223.74




10


30.11
20.79
30.03
578.94




50


23.08
35.70
36.30
670.06


82-4
Leaves
2


37.71
18.70
24.91
338.20




10


28.03
26.08
33.93
567.39




50


20.86
39.86
35.51
629.76


82-5
Fruits
2


39.94
16.19
20.21
360.14




10


28.84
21.13
31.49
510.49




50


23.33
30.57
38.76
614.23


82-6
Flowers
2


36.86
10.45
23.48
386.61




10


29.72
27.79
29.95
508.71




50


23.40
35.01
37.71
665.17























TABLE 159











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50

inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
Anti-bacteria MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




82
Short-stem
Carex breviculmis
Short-stem







sedge
R. Br.
sedge






Comparative
Low sedge
Carex Humilis

2.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
10.6
11.8


Example




Fungi: 2




82-1
Whole plant


0.01
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
27.5
23.7







Fungi: 0.5




82-2
Roots


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
14.7
27.3







Fungi: 1




82-3
Stems


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
21.8
15.9







Fungi: 1




82-4
Leaves


0.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5,
16.5
22.7







Fungi: 1




82-5
Fruits


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
11.9
21.1







Fungi: 1




82-6
Flowers


0.18
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1,
23.7
22.2







Fungi: 1









Example 83
Purple Maiden Silvergrass















TABLE 160











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


83 
Purple maiden

Miscanthus sinensis
Purple maiden







silvergrass

var. purpurascens
silvergrass









(Andersson) Rendle







83-1
Whole plant
2


39.03
11.88
22.02
208.66




10


29.36
28.64
32.40
512.44




50


22.65
38.06
39.89
782.07


83-2
Roots
2


36.63
15.46
26.33
376.90




10


31.76
20.58
29.54
507.23




50


20.90
33.93
39.74
757.79


83-3
Stems
2


38.13
11.53
25.93
237.31




10


33.89
23.82
32.66
548.94




50


23.01
34.08
35.08
708.87


83-4
Leaves
2


37.56
15.46
26.08
311.02




10


29.54
21.06
27.09
436.41




50


22.68
36.47
34.38
649.40


83-5
Fruits
2


34.90
19.32
25.15
337.01




10


28.59
27.84
31.26
445.49




50


26.34
36.54
39.28
716.12


83-6
Flowers
2


40.02
13.06
24.29
346.16




10


31.66
27.16
30.76
538.04




50


33.58
39.27
39.06
643.95


83-7
Shoots
2


36.46
15.94
24.75
396.58




10


31.84
28.06
28.49
543.09




50


25.99
38.37
37.96
763.88























TABLE 161











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




83 
Purple maiden
Miscanthus sinensis
Purple maiden







silvergrass
var. purpurascens
silvergrass








(Andersson) Rendle







83-1
Whole plant


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
8.5
11.5


83-2
Roots


0.87
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1
20.4
22.8


83-3
Stems


1.00
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
15.3
14.0


83-4
Leaves


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 1
13.7
25.6


83-5
Fruits


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
10.2
18.3


83-6
Flowers


1.00
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
16.8
10.6


83-7
Shoots


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
15.6
10.2









Example 84
Foxtail Fountaingrass















TABLE 162











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


84 
Foxtail

Pennisetum alopecuroides
Foxtail







fountaingrass

(L.) Spreng.
fountaingrass






84-1
Whole plant
2


35.76
15.10
25.60
297.20




10


33.30
20.69
32.93
580.00




50


25.09
38.83
39.08
768.17


84-2
Roots
2


36.01
13.59
22.23
382.22




10


30.89
28.08
31.75
511.86




50


25.71
36.15
34.00
784.58


84-3
Stems
2


35.63
10.03
23.51
210.50




10


28.18
26.17
32.33
435.07




50


22.99
30.63
38.16
677.66


84-4
Leaves
2


36.35
17.10
20.69
250.56




10


27.02
25.27
31.15
432.31




50


25.57
30.78
39.43
615.15


84-5
Fruits
2


38.55
12.38
20.60
395.00




10


30.40
26.52
32.43
484.93




50


21.20
33.61
35.32
765.38


84-6
Flowers
2


34.10
13.62
21.64
334.94




10


33.70
25.06
27.64
550.19




50


20.91
38.10
39.99
696.47























TABLE 163











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




84 
Foxtail
Pennisetum
Foxtail







fountaingrass
alopecuroides
fountaingrass








(L.) Spreng.







84-1
Whole plant


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
20.8
10.5


84-2
Roots


0.30
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
18.1
12.9


84-3
Stems


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
8.7
10.6


84-4
Leaves


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5
19.0
17.3


84-5
Fruits


0.41
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
23.8
18.9


84-6
Flowers


0.80
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
24.5
21.6









Example 85
Arrow Bamboo















TABLE 164











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


85 
Arrow

Pseudosasa japonica
Arrow







bamboo

(Siebold & Zucc. ex
bamboo









Steud.) Makino ex Nakai







85-1
Whole plant
2


34.10
10.38
23.30
383.43




10


27.82
22.15
29.26
487.01




50


21.14
37.72
37.60
670.70


85-2
Roots
2


39.91
18.59
25.36
291.57




10


32.18
22.18
32.33
514.92




50


25.95
30.55
39.69
760.62


85-3
Stems
2


37.19
13.84
22.84
334.32




10


29.91
26.16
28.35
428.80




50


24.21
37.62
37.92
682.60


85-4
Leaves
2


37.79
18.70
21.19
327.69




10


28.85
20.88
33.08
427.86




50


23.31
35.18
35.00
688.70


85-5
Fruits
2


38.82
19.23
21.75
280.47




10


28.73
25.12
29.53
451.83




50


26.27
37.74
38.96
659.56


85-6
Flowers
2


36.34
11.94
25.48
338.69




10


32.61
20.20
32.44
522.43




50


20.70
39.85
35.43
676.44























TABLE 165











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




85 
Arrow
Pseudosasa japonica
Arrow







bamboo
(Siebold & Zucc. ex
bamboo








Steud.) Makino ex Nakai







85-1
Whole plant


0.05
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
9.2
8.2


85-2
Roots


0.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
15.3
21.0


85-3
Stems


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
17.2
11.6


85-4
Leaves


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
13.3
13.6


85-5
Fruits


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
25.4
16.7


85-6
Flowers


0.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 2
13.1
25.2









Example 86
Kuril Bamboo















TABLE 166











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


86 
Kuril

Sasa kurilensis
Kuril







bamboo

(Rupr.) Makino
bamboo









& Shibata







Comparative
Broad-leaf
50
Sasa Quelpaertensis

79.24
10.16
2.63
54.12


Example
bamboo









86-1
Whole plant
2


36.69
11.30
23.45
218.11




10


33.30
20.52
27.47
502.12




50


23.80
39.83
35.59
784.92


86-2
Roots
2


35.95
17.65
26.43
383.82




10


28.02
25.94
30.14
444.50




50


25.04
38.57
36.98
620.66


86-3
Stems
2


36.09
17.40
25.43
231.46




10


32.47
22.22
27.83
402.96




50


22.22
37.04
37.63
632.78


86-4
Leaves
2


40.02
11.89
19.26
244.93




10


31.66
20.62
22.95
414.63




50


33.58
27.27
28.13
522.10


86-5
Fruits
2


35.01
16.49
26.46
321.37




10


30.26
21.44
27.34
407.73




50


24.00
35.02
39.62
755.24


86-6
Flowers
2


38.28
12.18
23.83
293.99




10


27.01
20.78
31.10
493.78




50


22.72
34.21
34.81
760.55























TABLE 167











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




86 
Kuril
Sasa kurilensis
Kuril







bamboo
(Rupr.) Makino
bamboo








& Shibata







Comparative
Broad-leaf
Sasa Quelpaertensis

1.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: >2
11.0
11.5


Example
bamboo








86-1
Whole plant


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
26.3
27.6


86-2
Roots


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
26.3
24.9


86-3
Stems


0.43
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
26.3
16.2


86-4
Leaves


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
11.8
22.6


86-5
Fruits


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
13.2
11.3


86-6
Flowers


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
21.0
22.8









Example 87
Shrubby Sophora















TABLE 168











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)








Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


87 
Shrubby

Sophora flavescens
Shrubby sophora







sophora

Alton







Comparative
Locust
50
Sophora Japonica

84.16
2.36
5.74
58.32


Example
tree









Comparative
Shrubby
50


78.69
9.98
8.21
187.81


Example
sophora










(other area)









87-1
Whole plant
2


35.71
16.45
24.31
266.69




10


27.05
21.57
31.83
407.30




50


24.04
32.75
35.76
769.95


87-2
Roots
2


37.62
7.36
18.60
283.58




10


34.58
20.31
22.54
392.98




50


31.63
29.93
30.24
620.84


87-3
Stems
2


36.67
14.36
23.01
273.46




10


27.59
24.18
33.42
594.25




50


24.30
32.64
34.29
620.55


87-4
Leaves
2


36.18
17.46
25.26
347.28




10


32.57
21.19
33.49
525.14




50


22.22
33.51
38.68
686.58


87-5
Fruits
2


34.42
16.78
23.62
320.67




10


28.15
26.13
31.56
471.56




50


24.51
32.79
39.76
699.91


87-6
Flowers
2


36.80
11.41
22.50
312.28




10


29.38
23.60
28.09
435.20




50


20.98
37.10
37.72
763.64























TABLE 169











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




87 
Shrubby
Sophora flavescens
Shrubby







sophora
Alton
sophora






Comparative
Locust
Sophora Japonica

3.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: >2
8.4
10.0


Example
tree








Comparative
Shrubby


2.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2, Fungi: 2
13.3
14.3


Example
sophora









(other area)








87-1
Whole plant


0.24
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
24.6
25.6


87-2
Roots


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
13.3
14.3


87-3
Stems


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
10.4
16.5


87-4
Leaves


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
14.7
19.3


87-5
Fruits


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
24.3
21.5


87-6
Flowers


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
15.7
14.8









Example 88
Orange Daylily















TABLE 170











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


88 
Orange

Hemerocallis fulva
Orange







Daylily

(L.) L.
Daylily






88-1
Whole plant
2


37.98
13.04
20.78
320.33




10


28.74
21.75
28.83
527.62




50


24.73
30.10
36.08
684.39


88-2
Roots
2


39.51
11.81
25.71
271.10




10


33.78
20.80
28.00
548.53




50


20.02
37.07
39.09
775.77


88-3
Stems
2


36.89
11.44
23.02
251.80




10


28.32
22.77
33.82
481.36




50


23.54
31.80
39.77
707.59


88-4
Leaves
2


36.53
15.14
21.79
235.29




10


31.61
21.43
32.98
451.04




50


22.27
37.44
38.24
717.18


88-5
Fruits
2


39.44
10.83
24.71
389.37




10


30.76
25.35
28.14
534.34




50


20.69
37.78
38.18
707.43


88-6
Flowers
2


36.56
19.96
24.00
377.30




10


30.27
21.01
33.66
530.00




50


26.94
34.60
37.84
643.38























TABLE 171











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




88 
Orange
Hemerocallis fulva
Orange







Daylily
(L.) L.
Daylily






88-1
Whole plant


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.0
22.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5
17.0
20.1


88-2
Roots


0.58
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
24.1
14.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




88-3
Stems


0.77
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
9.1
18.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




88-4
Leaves


0.33
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.8
11.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




88-5
Fruits


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.8
16.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




88-6
Flowers


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
25.4
27.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 89
Tiger Lily















TABLE 172











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


89 
Tiger lily

Lilium lancifolium
Tiger lily









Thunb.







Comparative
Madonna
50
Lilium Candidum

91.19
9.96
3.61
47.97


Example
lily









89-1
Whole plant
2


39.52
13.32
24.32
235.37




10


29.17
22.48
30.99
483.99




50


21.63
30.01
35.52
630.93


89-2
Roots
2


37.97
12.02
25.41
350.39




10


30.41
22.20
33.79
596.41




50


20.11
30.76
37.90
702.51


89-3
Stems
2


37.99
15.57
20.64
349.00




10


29.24
21.67
33.58
499.76




50


20.10
34.32
37.25
685.50


89-4
Leaves
2


38.52
15.67
22.66
336.67




10


33.02
21.75
32.58
494.37




50


21.60
35.88
37.64
768.26


89-5
Flowers
2


34.53
17.41
22.86
358.56




10


29.14
29.79
28.38
446.04




50


22.38
30.41
36.03
656.42


89-6
Bulbils
2


39.71
12.13
22.84
246.72




10


32.18
21.37
31.65
481.46




50


20.16
31.03
37.85
769.88























TABLE 173











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




89 
Tiger lily
Lilium lancifolium
Tiger lily








Thunb.







Comparative
Madonna
Lilium Candidum

2.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
8.1
8.5


Example
lily



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




89-1
Whole plant


0.90
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
19.7
15.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




89-2
Roots


0.16
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
17.0
10.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




89-3
Stems


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
9.8
8.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




89-4
Leaves


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
11.4
8.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




89-5
Flowers


0.96
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
19.5
22.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




89-6
Bulbils


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.5
26.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 90
Big Blue Lilyturf















TABLE 174











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


90 
Big blue

Liriope platyphylla
Big blue







lilyturf

F. T. Wang & T. Tang
lilyturf






Comparative
Creeping
50
Liriope Spicata

79.02
11.65
3.77
22.75


Example
lilyturf









90-1
Whole plant
2


36.28
15.62
21.68
218.04




10


33.12
26.66
33.28
538.92




50


20.99
30.59
34.15
666.45


90-2
Roots
2


37.06
12.96
25.91
235.68




10


29.27
25.34
27.61
535.22




50


24.37
35.75
37.30
654.28


90-3
Stems
2


36.28
15.80
25.75
333.69




10


33.12
21.84
32.63
453.20




50


20.99
39.11
39.29
800.22


90-4
Leaves
2


36.53
12.80
23.78
267.73




10


31.21
28.79
29.63
513.82




50


21.89
32.55
39.02
741.53


90-5
Fruits
2


38.19
19.02
20.59
274.84




10


33.42
23.29
30.95
516.84




50


23.14
35.83
35.38
689.71


90-6
Flowers
2


34.45
14.98
23.07
220.38




10


30.70
25.54
30.03
465.53




50


23.21
37.18
38.36
790.45























TABLE 175











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




90
Big blue
Liriope platyphylla
Big blue







lilyturf
F. T. Wang & T. Tang
lilyturf






Comparative
Creeping
Liriope Spicata

1.06
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
7.5
9.4


Example
lilyturf



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




90-1
Whole plant


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
20.4
18.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




90-2
Roots


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
15.3
11.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




90-3
Stems


0.02
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
20.2
10.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




90-4
Leaves


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.8
8.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




90-5
Fruits


0.92
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.8
26.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




90-6
Flowers


0.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.2
20.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 91
False Lily of the Valley















TABLE 176











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


91
False lily

Maianthemum dilatatum
False lily







of the

(A.W. Wood) A. Nelson
of the







valley

& J. F. Macbr.
valley






Comparative
Two leaf
50
Maianthemum Japonicum

68.47
15.36
2.03
63.06


Example
beadruby









91-1
Whole plant
2


39.69
11.91
24.67
280.91




10


31.08
29.05
29.35
547.20




50


24.36
38.76
34.63
737.43


91-2
Roots
2


39.29
13.13
23.81
352.54




10


30.16
29.89
27.70
528.31




50


22.96
34.60
38.86
679.29


91-3
Stems
2


36.63
13.78
25.15
213.50




10


30.18
27.28
31.66
462.46




50


22.69
33.82
34.62
651.68


91-4
Leaves
2


36.92
18.88
24.81
287.61




10


32.91
24.61
28.83
515.62




50


21.78
34.96
34.70
744.82


91-5
Fruits
2


35.29
14.00
26.00
200.58




10


30.08
22.85
27.38
517.51




50


24.36
35.25
34.24
797.02


91-6
Flowers
2


38.31
12.23
23.07
215.65




10


31.99
22.10
33.41
433.02




50


25.87
35.92
38.31
667.41























TABLE 177











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




91
False lily
Maianthemum dilatatum
False lily







of the
(A. W. Wood) A. Nelson
of the







valley
& J. F. Macbr.
valley






Comparative
Two leaf
Maianthemum Japonicum

2.62
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2
8.8
13.8


Example
beadruby



MIC (%) Fungi: >2




91-1
Whole plant


0.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.1
25.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




91-2
Roots


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
8.4
12.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




91-3
Stems


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.1
12.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




91-4
Leaves


0.07
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.7
11.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




91-5
Fruits


0.12
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.6
13.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




91-6
Flowers


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
22.2
15.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 92
Japanese Cedar















TABLE 178











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


92
Japanese

Cryptomeria japonica
Japanese







Cedar

(Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don
Cedar






92-1
Whole plant
2


36.30
15.02
23.78
354.26




10


30.84
21.01
28.02
503.21




50


24.40
34.55
37.62
728.82


92-2
Roots
2


35.79
19.46
26.90
301.93




10


30.33
20.37
32.60
417.33




50


22.32
39.71
35.33
623.10


92-3
Stems
2


38.14
12.06
25.08
329.44




10


31.14
24.50
29.49
492.00




50


26.34
36.67
35.22
718.87


92-4
Leaves
2


39.48
16.24
21.41
220.60




10


32.69
26.50
30.03
514.35




50


25.82
34.88
36.60
631.17


92-5
Fruits
2


39.66
17.94
23.30
361.41




10


32.75
29.78
29.76
529.77




50


20.62
36.77
39.47
749.19


92-6
Flowers
2


39.26
19.46
24.57
250.21




10


32.60
20.37
32.70
514.83




50


21.44
39.71
39.94
795.60























TABLE 179











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




92
Japanese
Cryptomeria japonica
Japanese







Cedar
(Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don
Cedar






92-1
Whole plant


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.0
14.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




92-2
Roots


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
22.4
18.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




92-3
Stems


0.88
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
26.4
15.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




92-4
Leaves


0.44
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
20.0
20.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




92-5
Fruits


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
14.5
21.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




92-6
Flowers


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
9.6
17.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 93
Thunberg's Bay-Tree















TABLE 180











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


93
Thunberg's

Machilus thunbergii
Thunberg's







bay-tree

Siebold & Zucc.
bay-tree






Comparative
Long-leaf
50
Machilus Japonica

72.02
15.14
3.48
52.02


Example
bay-tree









93-1
Whole plant
2


35.10
15.72
22.14
379.32




10


30.25
22.38
27.45
526.57




50


25.92
33.30
37.72
558.70


93-2
Roots
2


34.41
17.68
26.71
378.76




10


29.43
24.14
28.32
474.32




50


20.79
39.91
39.34
730.56


93-3
Stems
2


39.83
19.84
25.68
390.29




10


27.37
20.42
27.16
526.15




50


25.05
34.21
35.82
610.22


93-4
Leaves
2


38.38
19.72
25.63
394.02




10


33.14
25.16
28.62
509.90




50


24.39
35.19
34.16
688.03


93-5
Fruits
2


37.44
17.07
23.55
316.07




10


33.88
22.85
32.91
415.77




50


22.37
33.58
37.72
726.90


93-6
Flowers
2


36.00
11.82
24.25
295.86




10


33.60
23.98
28.94
454.25




50


21.13
38.66
39.13
741.08























TABLE 181











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




93
Thunbergs's
Machilus thunbergii
Thunberg's







bay-tree
Siebold & Zucc.
bay-tree






Comparative
Long-leaf
Machilus Japonica

3.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.6
8.8


Example
bay-tree



MIC (%) Fungi: 1




93-1
Whole plant


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
19.6
23.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




93-2
Roots


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
10.9
10.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




93-3
Stems


0.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
25.4
19.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




93-4
Leaves


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.8
16.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




93-5
Fruits


0.15
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
18.9
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




93-6
Flowers


0.16
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
21.4
20.5







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 94
Ulleungdo White Pine















TABLE 182











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


94
Ulleungdo

Pinus parviflora
Ulleungdo







white pine

Siebold & Zucc.
white pine






Comparative
Pine
50
Pinus Densiflora

87.79
13.37
3.97
31.05


Example










94-1
Whole plant
2


38.93
11.25
25.19
273.52




10


31.66
28.42
32.73
500.18




50


26.31
34.60
37.76
721.72


94-2
Roots
2


34.39
18.43
22.42
346.78




10


28.45
27.11
32.16
580.48




50


25.61
35.25
39.65
638.27


94-3
Stems
2


37.91
12.94
22.82
226.97




10


32.08
25.55
27.32
511.27




50


23.50
34.55
36.02
784.68


94-4
Leaves
2


35.80
12.34
23.15
345.49




10


27.95
24.12
27.39
489.33




50


23.86
34.03
37.89
661.08


94-5
Fruits
2


37.44
13.47
21.85
359.25




10


29.42
29.91
29.66
479.81




50


25.52
34.13
35.39
693.26


94-6
Flowers
2


37.53
11.83
23.19
338.99




10


31.26
25.13
33.00
410.46




50


23.39
36.39
37.04
740.36























TABLE 183











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




94
Ulleungdo
Pinus parviflora
Ulleungdo







white pine
Siebold & Zucc.
white pine






Comparative
Pine
Pinus Densiflora

2.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
12.1
8.5


Example









94-1
Whole plant


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125
21.2
20.4


94-2
Roots


0.52
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125
10.4
8.0


94-3
Stems


0.51
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
15.6
21.4


94-4
Leaves


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
9.2
10.1


94-5
Fruits


1.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
25.7
22.8


94-6
Flowers


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.25
14.8
8.7









Example 95
Ulleungdo Hemlock















TABLE 184











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


95
Ulleungdo

Tsuga sieboldii
Ulleungdo







hemlock

Carriere
hemlock






Comparative
Hemlock
50
Tsuga canadensis
Hemlock
74.82
8.41
2.28
16.30


Example
Canada


Canada






95-1
Whole plant
2


39.19
14.51
24.36
207.94




10


29.65
29.09
30.11
479.80




50


23.79
38.83
39.71
731.43


95-2
Roots
2


35.35
19.28
25.52
388.94




10


29.73
26.19
33.31
573.58




50


21.62
33.62
38.45
783.42


95-3
Stems
2


36.22
17.32
23.21
385.12




10


31.88
22.92
32.87
427.78




50


26.93
34.43
36.41
768.26


95-4
Leaves
2


34.76
19.68
22.47
288.96




10


32.14
25.87
33.83
553.28




50


22.23
30.28
38.86
712.88


95-5
Fruits
2


36.55
15.64
23.12
388.88




10


30.46
27.53
32.29
454.38




50


25.79
31.31
38.77
775.92


95-6
Flowers
2


39.06
17.33
21.53
349.44




10


30.90
27.00
33.63
593.31




50


21.29
31.70
34.12
605.01























TABLE 185











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




95
Ulleungdo
Tsuga sieboldii
Ulleungdo







hemlock
Carriere
hemlock






Comparative
Hemlock
Tsuga canadensis
Hemlock
5.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
10.4
12.5


Example
Canada

Canada






95-1
Whole plant


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125
22.8
23.3


95-2
Roots


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125
17.8
13.3


95-3
Stems


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.25
11.6
27.7


95-4
Leaves


0.97
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
21.1
19.2


95-5
Fruits


0.09
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
21.6
18.5


95-6
Flowers


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
16.1
19.3









Example 96
Sericeous Newlitsea















TABLE 186











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


96
Sericeous

Neolitsea sericea
Sericeous







newlitsea

(Blume) Koidz.
newlitsea






Comparative
Irregular-
50
Neolitsea Aciculata

88.42
13.32
5.19
48.14


Example
streak










newlitse









Comparative
Sericeous
50


51.97
28.04
12.61
128.55


Example
newlitsea










(other area)









96-1
Whole plant
2


39.34
18.54
26.82
304.91




10


29.28
29.33
31.15
517.54




50


24.34
32.39
34.67
682.31


96-2
Roots
2


38.83
19.79
21.57
279.62




10


33.91
22.95
27.06
451.86




50


23.58
31.59
37.23
786.36


96-3
Stems
2


34.98
15.11
25.78
336.77




10


27.45
22.46
28.84
593.32




50


25.89
39.98
36.34
608.09


96-4
Leaves
2


36.39
16.78
23.05
348.61




10


28.44
29.58
28.56
404.71




50


20.67
32.68
35.96
740.33


96-5
Fruits
2


36.34
15.63
24.29
246.28




10


30.18
22.47
32.07
526.73




50


23.31
37.91
38.53
745.39


96-6
Flowers
2


34.67
12.94
24.72
368.41




10


28.46
27.60
30.41
519.83




50


20.06
35.61
39.32
638.49























TABLE 187











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




96
Sericeous
Neolitsea sericea
Sericeous







newlitsea
(Blume) Koidz.
newlitsea






Comparative
Irregular-
Neolitsea Aciculata

3.34
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
9.9
12.5


Example
streak









newlitse








Comparative
Sericeous


2.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
12.8
10.5


Example
newlitsea









(other area)








96-1
Whole plant


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125
25.7
20.2


96-2
Roots


0.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125
9.1
14.7


96-3
Stems


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.125
11.8
14.9


96-4
Leaves


0.53
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi:
18.9
24.7


96-5
Fruits


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.125
11.1
8.8


96-6
Flowers


0.79
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi:
11.1
9.2









Example 97
Macropodous Daphniphyllum















TABLE 188











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA (5 ppm)
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
28%
(10 ppb)







35%
25%

320%


97
Macropodous

Daphniphyllum
Macropodous







daphniphyllum

macropodum
daphniphyllum









Miq.







Comparative
Macropodous
50


86.33
20.09
12.68
200.48


Example
daphniphyllum










(other area)









97-1
Whole plant
2


36.03
12.81
21.30
315.68




10


33.64
26.96
27.97
471.27




50


23.97
33.97
38.75
669.01


97-2
Roots
2


37.35
19.39
25.46
294.80




10


33.92
23.04
30.49
594.31




50


23.00
34.53
36.01
644.03


97-3
Stems
2


35.13
17.65
23.22
324.16




10


29.16
22.15
30.17
561.48




50


25.48
36.50
38.96
685.10


97-4
Leaves
2


37.96
17.87
20.26
291.97




10


31.75
28.92
33.05
448.11




50


23.80
35.85
38.30
759.30


97-5
Fruits
2


38.26
14.07
23.66
224.42




10


32.05
21.70
28.96
497.40




50


24.61
34.91
38.80
616.34


97-6
Flowers
2


34.69
12.81
22.34
351.72




10


27.42
28.15
30.37
442.03




50


24.74
38.75
38.48
737.36























TABLE 189











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




97
Macropodous
Daphniphyllum
Macropodous







daphniphyllum
macropodum
daphniphyllum








Miq.







Comparative
Macropodous


2.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2
9.2
10.9


Example
daphniphyllum









(other area)








97-1
Whole plant


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
22.3
18.2


97-2
Roots


0.59
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
16.7
17.3


97-3
Stems


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.4
12.9


97-4
Leaves


0.78
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
11.7
14.0


97-5
Fruits


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125
22.8
26.5


97-6
Flowers


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.25
11.7
14.0









Example 98
Scabrous Aphananthe















TABLE 190











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


98 
Scabrous

Aphananthe aspera
Scabrous



aphananthe

(Thuhb.) Planch.
aphananthe


98-1
Whole plant
2


37.27
10.19
25.96
397.89




10


33.68
22.01
29.15
489.62




50


23.98
31.31
34.20
780.90


98-2
Roots
2


39.54
12.09
23.63
319.91




10


32.19
24.55
33.61
558.41




50


26.26
36.26
37.69
662.14


98-3
Stems
2


39.80
13.26
25.11
220.23




10


32.14
26.11
28.71
418.84




50


25.72
36.21
35.19
709.86


98-4
Leaves
2


34.55
12.53
24.37
346.40




10


27.50
21.68
31.81
425.57




50


24.01
32.27
39.71
692.42


98-5
Fruits
2


37.52
19.31
26.97
281.53




10


28.16
28.25
33.39
492.77




50


23.23
37.27
34.12
719.27


98-6
Flowers
2


35.43
15.61
26.44
202.59




10


32.70
21.69
28.29
575.13




50


20.96
38.78
35.77
643.11























TABLE 191











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


98 
Scabrous
Aphananthe aspera
Scabrous



aphananthe
(Thunb.) Planch.
aphananthe


98-1
Whole plant


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
9.6
15.4


98-2
Roots


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.9
23.6


98-3
Stems


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
18.6
24.8


98-4
Leaves


0.71
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
8.1
23.2


98-5
Fruits


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
25.8
8.1


98-6
Flowers


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
23.2
26.7









Example 99
Caudate-Leaf Hackberry















TABLE 192











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


99 
Caudate-leaf

Celtis jessoensis
Caudate-leaf



hackberry

Koidz.
hackberry


99-1
Whole plant
2


38.27
12.93
22.01
260.48




10


29.82
25.32
27.30
442.13




50


23.54
37.22
35.10
689.05


99-2
Roots
2


38.72
12.15
26.89
360.54




10


28.36
29.21
33.03
481.15




50


26.85
32.44
37.67
721.53


99-3
Stems
2


36.34
14.04
24.10
267.66




10


30.97
29.47
28.18
452.55




50


20.99
39.53
36.45
617.98


99-4
Leaves
2


34.43
13.73
21.01
249.50




10


32.92
29.62
26.49
592.59




50


22.34
33.36
27.10
670.09


99-5
Fruits
2


36.17
11.91
24.72
329.09




10


32.29
21.27
27.46
471.02




50


26.61
35.51
36.19
773.26


99-6
Flowers
2


38.00
10.02
22.64
285.34




10


31.73
25.07
31.70
526.82




50


22.83
30.45
34.72
697.25























TABLE 193











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


99 
Caudate-leaf
Celtis jessoensis
Caudate-leaf



hackberry
Koidz.
hackberry


99-1
Whole plant


0.61
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
16.9
11.2


99-2
Roots


0.32
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.125
17.0
23.5


99-3
Stems


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
19.6
23.4


99-4
Leaves


0.65
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
22.3
20.7


99-5
Fruits


0.67
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 0.5
20.5
8.1


99-6
Flowers


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
21.0
23.7









Example 100
Manchurian Elm















TABLE 194











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


100 
Manchurian

Ulmus laciniata
Manchurian



Elm

(Trautv.) Mayr
Elm


Comparative
Elm
50
Ulmus Davidiana

74.42
8.50
3.79
36.63


Example


100-1
Whole plant
2


37.40
11.79
21.92
342.07




10


28.92
28.70
28.60
565.22




50


22.42
34.08
34.19
795.70


100-2
Roots
2


35.68
15.00
21.66
332.08




10


29.42
24.87
32.67
497.75




50


22.23
35.45
37.28
761.52


100-3
Bark
2


34.22
19.98
22.29
271.65




10


28.40
28.81
32.32
512.88




50


21.34
36.18
38.12
786.49


100-4
Leaves
2


36.24
15.16
25.81
394.22




10


28.34
22.60
32.84
594.80




50


26.80
38.40
38.31
666.24


100-5
Fruits
2


35.39
12.36
20.30
311.67




10


28.50
25.61
28.00
538.32




50


26.18
35.49
35.37
686.63


100-6
Flowers
2


39.51
17.14
20.21
283.76




10


31.72
27.85
31.28
571.33




50


24.67
36.93
39.89
663.11























TABLE 195











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


100 
Manchurian
Ulmus laciniata
Manchurian



Elm
(Trautv.) Mayr
Elm


Comparative
Elm
Ulmus Davidiana

3.36
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 2
10.0
12.5


Example


100-1
Whole plant


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 0.25
23.9
22.4


100-2
Roots


0.57
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
24.6
10.3


100-3
Bark


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
27.2
14.4


100-4
Leaves


0.31
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125, Fungi: 0.5
24.3
9.7


100-5
Fruits


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
13.6
25.9


100-6
Flowers


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
10.8
9.0









Example 101
Montane Alder















TABLE 196












Anti-








Whitening
Anti-wrinkle
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
Collagen synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


101 
Montane

Alnus maximowiczii
Montane



alder

Callier
alder


Comparative
Alder
50
Alnus Japonica

86.85
11.44
1.53
99.99


Example


101-1
Whole plant
2


36.15
11.81
25.13
201.20




10


30.78
29.09
28.00
527.79




50


25.54
33.02
39.73
756.51


101-2
Roots
2


38.09
17.18
26.93
232.85




10


27.85
27.66
33.03
416.76




50


21.05
36.10
38.13
729.55


101-3
Bark
2


38.06
17.62
26.99
293.96




10


30.18
21.05
27.89
535.42




50


23.57
34.65
35.46
714.95


101-4
Leaves
2


35.60
18.66
23.31
373.69




10


27.17
24.03
32.07
444.84




50


25.40
36.27
39.45
794.32


101-5
Fruits
2


34.03
12.16
20.45
213.74




10


28.74
29.98
31.39
494.44




50


24.57
31.60
38.89
697.06


101-6
Flowers
2


37.63
17.92
21.49
392.35




10


28.07
22.45
30.62
576.90




50


24.77
33.12
35.26
776.92























TABLE 197











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


101 
Montane
Alnus maximowiczii
Montane



alder
Callier
alder


Comparative
Alder
Alnus Japonica

5.45
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: >2
9.7
9.0


Example


101-1
Whole plant


0.42
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: >1
21.3
21.1


101-2
Roots


0.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 2
22.3
17.3


101-3
Bark


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
14.5
12.6


101-4
Leaves


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
9.0
15.6


101-5
Fruits


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
19.2
13.7


101-6
Flowers


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
9.2
13.8









Example 102
Ulleungdo Linden















TABLE 198











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


102 
Ulleungdo

Tilia insularis
Ulleungdo



linden

Nakai
linden


Comparative
Tilia
50
Tilia Platyphyllos

88.59
10.96
1.39
67.41


Example
platyphyllos


102-1
Whole plant
2


39.10
11.25
24.49
398.99




10


30.96
23.70
31.39
453.96




50


25.10
37.13
36.31
721.43


102-2
Roots
2


39.69
10.55
23.25
210.52




10


30.50
23.83
29.14
564.69




50


20.89
31.77
34.57
634.88


102-3
Bark
2


39.99
16.33
20.41
352.24




10


28.37
20.27
28.64
600.03




50


24.21
36.56
37.75
773.90


102-4
Leaves
2


37.89
18.59
23.35
314.05




10


33.19
24.28
29.92
544.36




50


20.21
37.37
35.80
706.82


102-5
Fruits
2


37.84
14.98
26.22
318.06




10


28.67
29.62
32.02
524.65




50


21.74
35.14
38.14
651.34


102-6
Flowers
2


39.95
13.32
26.32
237.92




10


31.13
25.30
32.67
406.62




50


20.39
39.28
36.28
695.66























TABLE 199











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


102 
Ulleungdo
Tilia insularis
Ulleungdo



linden
Nakai
linden


Comparative
Tilia platyphyllos
Tilia Platyphyllos

6.89
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: >2
9.1
9.1


Example


102-1
Whole plant


0.38
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1/Fungi: 0.1
24.2
17.1


102-2
Roots


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
20.6
15.0


102-3
Bark


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi:
27.8
16.2







0.25


102-4
Leaves


0.61
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: 1
22.1
15.2


102-5
Fruits


0.44
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
10.1
20.8


102-6
Flowers


0.64
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.0
16.2









Example 103
Fragrant Snowbell















TABLE 200











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


103 
Fragrant

Styrax obassia
Fragrant



snowbell

Siebold & Zucc.
snowbell


Comparative
Snowbell
50
Styrax Japonicus

79.41
7.60
2.53
49.00


Example


103-1
Whole plant
2


37.01
15.55
22.12
288.43




10


31.11
21.88
31.11
414.74




50


25.80
39.66
35.98
682.20


103-2
Roots
2


39.75
17.72
25.19
252.28




10


29.85
20.81
28.73
537.45




50


22.85
35.06
34.12
776.64


103-3
Bark
2


34.89
11.61
22.20
225.88




10


28.74
24.52
27.15
445.90




50


21.30
30.36
38.71
712.19


103-4
Leaves
2


34.34
15.44
25.62
209.60




10


27.26
21.02
29.95
408.02




50


26.06
38.74
36.41
660.65


103-5
Fruits
2


34.09
18.90
26.84
323.54




10


32.38
25.94
27.10
428.97




50


23.06
35.56
35.85
700.60


103-6
Flowers
2


36.76
17.54
25.95
215.69




10


29.39
21.67
32.73
540.52




50


22.29
37.53
38.29
614.62























TABLE 201











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


103 
Fragrant
Styrax obassia
Fragrant



snowbell
Siebold & Zucc.
snowbell


Comparative
Snowbell
Styrax Japonicus

4.75
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: 2
9.9
8.1


Example


103-1
Whole plant


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5/Fungi: 0.25
26.4
22.2


103-2
Roots


0.28
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
14.5
17.7


103-3
Bark


0.13
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.25
13.2
26.0


103-4
Leaves


0.08
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
13.6
19.4


103-5
Fruits


0.28
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
21.1
20.1


103-6
Flowers


0.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25, Fungi: 0.5
19.3
8.1









Example 104
Ulleungdo Flowering Cherry















TABLE 202











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


104 
Ulleungdo

Prunus takesimensis
Ulleungdo



flowering

Nakai
flowering



cherry


cherry


Comparative
Cherry
50
Prunus Serrulata

99.63
10.15
5.39
18.71


Example


104-1
Whole plant
2


35.79
11.44
23.61
207.78




10


32.33
28.52
30.76
509.66




50


26.35
38.60
37.11
718.73


104-2
Roots
2


36.59
19.56
23.06
380.77




10


27.29
29.11
27.41
576.88




50


25.88
36.94
39.25
763.51


104-3
Bark
2


38.49
12.70
22.00
284.99




10


27.98
25.29
31.49
474.81




50


24.42
35.17
38.09
749.06


104-4
Leaves
2


35.30
16.76
24.78
296.96




10


28.54
21.58
29.62
463.07




50


25.05
30.71
37.94
603.53


104-5
Fruits
2


35.26
10.24
22.71
346.40




10


32.64
28.83
27.84
504.72




50


25.05
31.19
38.51
609.45


104-6
Flowers
2


37.00
19.84
26.65
242.91




10


32.67
29.00
29.93
404.07




50


25.62
37.97
39.46
618.80























TABLE 203











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-

(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation

Size of growth
Size of growth






IC50
Anti-bacteria
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
Scientific name
English name
(%)
MIC (%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%


104 
Ulleungdo
Prunus takesimensis
Ulleungdo



flowering
Nakai
flowering



cherry

cherry


Comparative
Cherry
Prunus Serrulata

3.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: >2/Fungi: 2
7.5
8.1


Example


104-1
Whole plant


0.33
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2/Fungi: 1
17.7
20.3


104-2
Roots


0.47
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 0.5
11.1
23.2


104-3
Bark


0.29
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
27.8
27.5


104-4
Leaves


0.55
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 0.5
18.2
12.6


104-5
Fruits


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5, Fungi: 1
9.3
17.9


104-6
Flowers


0.81
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1, Fungi: 1
22.8
19.7









Example 105
Spotted Laurel















TABLE 204











Anti-wrinkle
Anti-








Whitening
Collagen
inflammation
Moisturizing




Conc.


Melanin
synthesis
Inhibition of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
Scientific name
English name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


105 
Spotted

Aucuba japonica
Spotted



laurel

Thuhb.
laurel


105-1
Whole plant
2


39.64
15.21
22.34
273.76




10


31.64
23.72
30.09
410.28




50


24.40
32.38
37.77
789.10


105-2
Roots
2


37.16
13.30
20.63
376.67




10


31.48
20.44
33.14
598.31




50


23.66
33.89
35.43
712.28


105-3
Branches
2


38.57
10.31
26.62
388.96




10


29.95
22.80
33.16
439.07




50


26.72
39.65
39.80
640.36


105-4
Leaves
2


35.68
12.87
24.13
212.51




10


33.35
22.21
29.26
417.65




50


30.67
29.95
30.31
497.93


105-5
Fruits
2


35.68
18.86
23.26
269.96




10


28.89
28.44
28.51
581.54




50


24.57
31.93
39.97
713.21


105-6
Flowers
2


36.10
19.67
24.71
288.20




10


31.88
24.37
31.40
412.19




50


22.71
33.17
38.22
695.99


105-7
Bark
2


36.59
13.12
20.94
336.04




10


28.13
27.91
30.47
400.45




50


24.45
35.35
36.99
632.79























TABLE 205











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




105
Spotted laurel
Aucuba japonica
Spotted laurel








Thunb.







105-1
Whole plant


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
13.6
18.0


105-2
Roots


0.93
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
9.1
14.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




105-3
Branches


0.48
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
26.0
19.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




105-4
Leaves


0.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
14.1
13.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




105-5
Fruits


0.35
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
20.4
17.4







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




105-6
Flowers


0.49
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.6
24.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




105-7
Bark


0.98
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.3
13.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 106
Ulleungdo Maple















TABLE 206











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


106
Ulleungdo maple

Acer takesimense
Ulleungdo maple









Nakai







Comparative
Sugar maple
50
Acer Saccharum

71.27
12.68
2.19
19.05


Example










106-1
Whole plant
2


38.99
11.59
21.36
298.74




10


31.52
26.39
28.12
547.10




50


20.19
32.75
37.03
732.59


106-2
Roots
2


34.18
19.32
24.03
351.47




10


28.21
22.74
30.26
455.80




50


25.99
33.55
35.24
639.76


106-3
Branches
2


36.35
12.68
24.34
227.74




10


33.94
24.85
29.90
330.35




50


29.72
28.21
31.91
408.04


106-4
Leaves
2


39.02
19.15
22.26
300.30




10


31.01
25.33
29.01
349.48




50


29.58
29.26
31.54
416.72


106-5
Fruits
2


34.59
14.63
21.29
320.67




10


28.37
24.03
31.29
406.24




50


23.57
36.54
39.14
624.71


106-6
Flowers
2


35.29
13.06
21.50
341.37




10


29.64
25.31
30.62
491.50




50


22.21
33.26
38.36
773.46























TABLE 207











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




106
Ulleungdo maple
Acer takesimense
Ulleungdo maple








Nakai







Comparative
Sugar maple
Acer Saccharum

5.31
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2
9.3
8.0


Example









106-1
Whole plant


0.82
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
26.2
24.1


106-2
Roots


1.00
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.7
26.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




106-3
Branches


1.83
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
27.4
22.8


106-4
Leaves


1.27
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
17.7
24.9







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




106-5
Fruits


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
25.3
11.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




106-6
Flowers


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.0625
12.2
28.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25









Example 107
Ulleungdo Amur Corktree















TABLE 208











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF



group



(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


107
Ulleungdo amur

Phellodendron insulare
Ulleungdo amur







corktree

Nakai
corktree






Comparative
Amur corktree
50
Phellodendron Amurense

95.46
7.52
4.90
12.35


Example










107-1
Whole plant
2


36.21
11.26
25.61
213.48




10


32.22
26.42
29.32
542.64




50


24.09
33.58
36.06
790.98


107-2
Roots
2


37.81
18.08
21.10
256.00




10


27.35
23.32
33.18
493.63




50


23.36
30.76
35.89
686.78


107-3
Branches
2


34.52
12.55
21.36
379.64




10


29.00
21.94
32.63
549.60




50


26.37
39.14
39.79
768.09


107-4
Leaves
2


36.18
13.72
22.95
363.10




10


33.04
24.56
27.87
407.06




50


26.91
32.02
39.84
740.31


107-5
Fruits
2


36.43
12.55
24.92
314.53




10


31.37
24.49
30.14
561.29




50


23.32
38.13
38.13
605.19


107-6
Flowers
2


36.70
12.52
24.48
222.05




10


28.53
20.07
33.08
439.11




50


21.96
39.45
39.83
629.91


107-7
Bark
2


35.19
19.92
21.68
346.36




10


28.75
22.89
32.02
450.53




50


25.68
38.69
37.92
641.66























TABLE 209











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




107
Ulleungdo
Phellodendron insulare
Ulleungdo







amur
Nakai
amur corktree







corktree








Comparative
Amur corktree
Phellodendron Amurense

9.49
MIC (%) Bacteria,
8.8
14.1


Example




Fungi: >2




107-1
Whole plant


0.40
MIC (%) Bacteria,
25.2
26.2







Fungi: 1




107-2
Roots


0.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
18.4
15.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




107-3
Branches


0.50
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.9
18.7







Fungi: 0.25




107-4
Leaves


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
10.8
10.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




107-5
Fruits


0.19
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
22.3
24.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




107-6
Flowers


0.66
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.4
15.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125




107-7
Bark


0.36
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
24.7
17.6







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 108
Alianthus-Like Prickly-Ash















TABLE 210











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


108
Alianthus-like

Zanthoxylum ailanthoides
Alianthus-like







prickly-ash

Siebold & Zucc.
prickly-ash






Comparative
Cho-phi
50
Zanthoxylum Piperitum

86.23
10.33
6.74
92.82


Example










108-1
Whole plant
2


34.07
18.82
20.14
229.40




10


28.11
20.82
29.93
514.20




50


25.24
36.35
36.16
615.72


108-2
Roots
2


36.14
10.71
20.25
298.23




10


33.81
27.12
30.62
539.30




50


25.19
36.45
34.48
769.41


108-3
Branches
2


37.88
14.41
26.97
287.35




10


30.19
22.34
28.86
520.68




50


29.15
30.56
31.56
604.11


108-4
Leaves
2


35.53
17.55
23.49
292.04




10


33.87
24.79
25.86
454.73




50


31.35
28.61
29.12
633.49


108-5
Fruits
2


39.88
17.82
20.34
297.85




10


28.33
23.87
29.42
576.34




50


23.29
33.08
35.91
773.14


108-6
Flowers
2


39.93
13.44
26.07
355.02




10


29.54
25.50
32.43
521.58




50


26.55
38.51
36.94
677.79


108-7
Seeds
2


35.64
19.94
23.94
268.99




10


33.03
21.34
28.26
472.02




50


24.05
39.59
36.72
781.94


108-8
Bark
2


36.33
11.04
20.18
207.81




10


33.37
27.91
30.02
445.54




50


27.00
37.35
34.79
654.11























TABLE 211











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated



group


7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




108
Alianthus-
Zanthoxylum ailanthoides
Alianthus-like







like
Siebold & Zucc.
prickly-ash







prickly-









ash








Comparative
Cho-phi
Zanthoxylum Piperitum

7.29
MIC (%) Bacteria,
7.9
16.7


Example




Fungi: 2




108-1
Whole plant


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria,
18.4
26.0







Fungi: 1




108-2
Roots


0.39
MIC (%) Bacteria,
27.1
16.4







Fungi: 0.5




108-3
Branches


1.75
MIC (%) Bacteria,
10.8
14.2







Fungi: 1




108-4
Leaves


2.44
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
14.7
10.1







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




108-5
Fruits


0.84
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.3
14.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




108-6
Flowers


0.68
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
14.9
22.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




108-7
Seeds


0.20
MIC (%) Bacteria,
13.6
21.6







Fungi: 0.25




108-8
Bark


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
18.0
10.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 1









Example 109
Wax-Leaf Privet















TABLE 212











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


109
Wax-leaf privet

Ligustrum japonicum
Wax-leaf privet









Thunb.







Comparative
Glossy privet
50
Ligustrum Lucidum

75.54
9.32
2.08
146.89


Example










109-1
Whole plant
2


39.15
16.98
26.34
252.56




10


28.36
21.48
31.84
473.52




50


25.35
35.16
38.39
698.45


109-2
Roots
2


35.28
10.69
24.53
385.25




10


31.46
20.51
32.66
599.04




50


22.21
39.76
39.22
701.91


109-3
Branches
2


36.02
17.04
25.00
286.29




10


32.02
28.13
27.89
362.60




50


29.32
31.05
30.86
367.03


109-4
Leaves
2


39.73
18.07
20.27
248.62




10


29.35
21.77
28.79
368.58




50


27.07
33.98
31.17
400.16


109-5
Fruits
2


35.82
11.47
23.06
222.74




10


30.04
29.77
28.51
381.79




50


28.18
34.53
29.66
499.06


109-6
Flowers
2


37.69
11.78
21.85
297.17




10


30.13
22.99
32.02
517.25




50


26.89
32.74
36.31
671.19


109-7
Bark
2


39.21
16.32
22.70
223.82




10


31.71
27.19
32.03
463.23




50


24.35
39.40
38.74
772.54























TABLE 213











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




109
Wax-leaf privet
Ligustrum japonicum
Wax-leaf








Thunb.
privet






Comparative
Glossy privet
Ligustrum Lucidum

9.93
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 2
12.4
12.4


Example









109-1
Whole plant


0.95
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.25
27.4
20.5


109-2
Roots


0.18
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
13.1
24.0


109-3
Branches


1.61
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
24.3
26.1


109-4
Leaves


3.25
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
15.8
10.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




109-5
Fruits


2.97
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
13.6
16.2







MIC (%) Fungi: 1




109-6
Flowers


0.80
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
19.0
10.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5




109-7
Bark


0.72
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
12.4
13.8







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5









Example 110
Ulleungdo Honeysuckle















TABLE 214











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


110
Ulleungdo

Lonicera insularis
Ulleungdo







honeysuckle

Nakai
honeysuckle






Comparative
Honeysuckle
50
Lonicera Japonica

75.89
11.16
3.22
160.43


Example










110-1
Whole plant
2


39.45
19.66
22.49
203.11




10


30.32
27.20
29.15
458.35




50


21.23
38.68
38.75
791.32


110-2
Roots
2


38.29
15.41
24.93
329.43




10


30.53
23.61
29.61
563.95




50


26.48
30.08
38.64
663.80


110-3
Stems
2


34.56
18.25
20.92
298.21




10


30.62
27.04
23.00
582.05




50


24.07
31.43
28.76
790.17


110-4
Leaves
2


36.54
10.66
20.24
237.84




10


30.81
25.12
23.78
540.34




50


23.46
30.54
25.99
630.55


110-5
Fruits
2


36.97
10.00
24.92
387.60




10


27.55
28.91
28.74
580.23




50


22.45
31.51
38.59
730.80


110-6
Flowers
2


37.13
14.80
25.70
200.96




10


31.71
27.18
28.66
550.48




50


26.18
35.05
35.65
610.62























TABLE 215











Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria






Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)






oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)








Control group


Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated






7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm







Fungi: A. niger 1%




110
Ulleungdo
Lonicera insularis
Ulleungdo







honevsuckle
Nakai
honevsuckle






Comparative
Honeysuckle
Lonicera Japonica

7.46
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2, Fungi: >2
12.6
9.9


Example









110-1
Whole plant


0.14
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
21.5
24.1


110-2
Roots


0.94
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 0.5
14.9
14.2


110-3
Stems


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria, Fungi: 1
16.0
16.9


110-4
Leaves


0.76
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
21.3
13.7







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




110-5
Fruits


0.67
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
22.1
11.0







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25




110-6
Flowers


0.22
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
26.9
25.3







MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125









Example 111
Silk Tree















TABLE 216











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


111
Silk tree

Albizia julibrissin
Silk tree






Comparative
Kalkora mimosa
50
Albizia Kalkora

44.21
17.03
18.50
154.13


Example










111-1
Whole plant
2


37.84
14.95
21.43
299.79




10


28.10
24.41
31.87
489.87




50


24.22
31.72
36.88
571.19


111-2
Bark
2


36.86
14.07
25.96
323.19




10


29.37
26.71
29.75
559.16




50


21.52
37.31
38.13
781.23


111-3
Roots
2


37.39
12.04
24.08
172.51




10


27.19
29.77
27.88
304.79




50


21.36
34.10
34.17
529.62


111-4
Branches
2


36.73
17.61
23.95
359.01




10


29.89
22.79
29.04
448.22




50


23.17
37.59
36.89
639.13


111-5
Leaves
2


38.97
11.87
22.80
272.97




10


31.85
26.07
28.66
438.82




50


26.92
39.68
34.15
531.88


111-6
Fruits
2


34.22
11.30
20.14
293.65




10


27.95
26.45
30.04
377.80




50


25.25
32.53
36.09
556.30


111-7
Flowers
2


37.28
14.98
22.81
313.98




10


29.21
22.13
30.34
452.83




50


23.28
32.85
35.80
610.68
























TABLE 217












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria







Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.
Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control group



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated







7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%




111
Silk tree

Albizia julibrissin
Silk tree






Comparative
Kalkora mimosa
50
Albizia Kalkora

1.41
MIC (%) Bacteria: 2
3.5
2.5


Example





MIC (%) Fungi: 2




111-1
Whole plant
2


0.70
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
11.8
12.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








111-2
Bark
2


0.11
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
24.3
15.0




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125






50








111-3
Roots
2


0.91
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
2.7
7.1




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








111-4
Branches
2


0.83
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
12.7
8.3




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50








111-5
Leaves
2


0.56
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
2.3
1.3




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








111-6
Fruits
2


0.23
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
1.8
7.4




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








111-7
Flowers
2


0.03
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
14.6
10.1




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125






50









Example 112
False Daisy















TABLE 218











Anti-
Anti-









wrinkle
inflammation








Whitening
Collagen
Inhibition
Moisturizing




Conc.
Scientific
English
Melanin
synthesis
of NO
HA synthesis


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
content (%)
(% of control)
production (%)
(%)
























Control group



Arbutin
TGFb
L-NMMA
EGF







(200 ppm)
(10 ppb)
(5 ppm)
(10 ppb)







35%
25%
28%
320%


112
False daisy

Eclipta prostrata
False daisy






Comparative
Fine-leaf false
50
Eclipta alba

46.81
11.72
4.23
251.26


Example
daisy









112-1
Whole plant
2


39.38
18.50
23.27
238.97




10


33.95
21.62
29.69
507.30




50


25.45
37.67
38.31
759.48


112-2
Roots
2


34.77
15.67
24.38
231.64




10


31.99
26.87
29.45
342.45




50


24.79
35.72
36.18
348.54


112-3
Stems
2


35.32
19.67
25.11
192.98




10


31.00
28.08
33.32
264.29




50


21.57
33.85
36.97
369.80


112-4
Leaves
2


37.40
12.60
21.76
250.14




10


30.94
27.11
32.47
257.05




50


20.55
31.82
38.45
319.48


112-5
Fruits
2


34.68
12.36
24.31
151.18




10


30.40
26.89
32.84
207.81




50


20.16
34.15
34.99
285.57


112-6
Flowers
2


39.65
11.97
26.69
198.64




10


33.64
29.37
29.90
314.58




50


22.37
30.00
34.02
559.51
























TABLE 219












Anti-bacteria
Anti-bacteria







Anti-
Anti-
(S. mutans)
(P. gingivalis)







oxidation
bacteria
Size of growth
Size of growth




Conc.
Scientific
English
IC50
MIC
inhibition ring
inhibition ring


No.
Sample
(ppm)
name
name
(%)
(%)
(mm)
(mm)
























Control group



Vitamin C
Hexanediol
Untreated
Untreated







7.5 ppm
Bacteria: P. aeruginosa 2%
0 mm
0 mm








Fungi: A. niger 1%




112
False daisy

Eclipta prostrata
False daisy






Comparative
Fine-leaf false
50
Eclipta alba

1.85
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
1.9
2.3


Example
daisy




MIC (%) Fungi: 2




112-1
Whole plant
2


0.17
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.125
18.0
24.7




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.125






50








112-2
Roots
2


0.69
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
6.2
3.3




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 1






50








112-3
Stems
2


0.73
MIC (%) Bacteria: 1
7.4
2.0




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 1






50








112-4
Leaves
2


0.99
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
3.9
7.8




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








112-5
Fruits
2


0.24
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.5
4.4
3.2




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.5






50








112-6
Flowers
2


0.09
MIC (%) Bacteria: 0.25
14.1
10.3




10



MIC (%) Fungi: 0.25






50









Formulation Example 1
Preparation of Pharmaceutical Preparations
1. Preparation of Powder


    
    
        0.001 g of plant extracts
        1 g of lactose
    
    


The above ingredients were mixed, and a sealable bag was filled with the mixed ingredients to prepare powder.
2. Preparation of Tablets


    
    
        0.2 mg of plant extracts
        100 mg of corn starch
        100 mg of lactose
        2 mg of magnesium stearate
    
    


After mixing the above ingredients, tableting was performed according to a conventional tablet preparation method to prepare tablets.
3. Preparation of Capsules


    
    
        0.2 mg of plant extracts
        100 mg of corn starch
        100 mg of lactose
        2 mg of magnesium stearate
    
    


After mixing the above ingredients, gelatin capsules were filled with the mixed ingredients according to a conventional capsule preparation method to prepare capsules.
4. Preparation of Pills


    
    
        0.003 g of plant extracts
        1.5 g of lactose
        1 g of glycerin
        0.5 g of xylitol
    
    


After mixing the above ingredients, according to a conventional method, pills were prepared so that the weight of one pill was 4 g.
5. Preparation of Granules


    
    
        2 mg of plant extracts
        50 mg of soybean extracts
        200 mg of glucose
        600 mg of starch
    
    


After mixing the above ingredients, 100 mg of 30% ethanol was added thereto, and drying was performed at 60° C. to form granules. Then, a capsule was filled with the granules.
Formulation Example 2
Preparation of Cosmetics
1. Preparation of Softening Lotion (Skin Lotion)
According to the following composition, a softening lotion containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.1% by weight of plant extracts
        1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        2.0% by weight of butylene glycol
        2.0% by weight of propylene glycol
        0.1% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer
        0.2% by weight of PEG-12 nonylphenyl ether
        0.4% by weight of polysorbate 80
        10.0% by weight of ethanol
        0.1% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

2. Preparation of Nourishing Lotion (Milk Lotion)

    
    


According to the following composition, a nourishing lotion containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.1% by weight of plant extracts
        1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        4.0% by weight of beeswax
        1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60
        1.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate
        0.5% by weight of liquid paraffin
        5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride
        3.0% by weight of glycerin
        3.0% by weight of butylene glycol
        3.0% by weight of propylene glycol
        0.1% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer
        0.2% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

3. Preparation of Nourishing Cream

    
    


According to the following composition, a nourishing cream containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.2% by weight of plant extracts
        5.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        10.0% by weight of beeswax
        1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60
        2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil
        0.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate
        10.0% by weight of liquid paraffin
        5.0% by weight of squalene
        5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride
        5.0% by weight of glycerin
        3.0% by weight of butylene glycol
        3.0% by weight of propylene glycol
        0.2% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

4. Preparation of Massage Cream

    
    


According to the following composition, a massage cream containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.1% by weight of plant extracts
        3.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        10.0% by weight of beeswax
        1.5% by weight of polysorbate 60
        2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil
        0.8% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate
        40.0% by weight of liquid paraffin
        5.0% by weight of squalene
        4.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride
        5.0% by weight of glycerin
        3.0% by weight of butylene glycol
        3.0% by weight of propylene glycol
        0.2% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

5. Preparation of Pack

    
    


According to the following composition, a pack containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.2% by weight of plant extracts
        1.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        13.0% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol
        0.2% by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
        5.0% by weight of glycerin
        0.1% by weight of allantoin
        6.0% by weight of ethanol
        0.3% by weight of PEG-12 nonylphenyl ether
        0.3% by weight of polysorbate 60
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight
    
    


Formulation Example 3
Preparation of Skin External Preparation
1. Preparation of Gel
According to the following composition, a gel containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.1% by weight of plant extracts
        0.1% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        0.05% by weight of sodium ethylenediamine acetate
        5.0% by weight of glycerin
        0.3% by weight of a carboxyvinyl polymer
        5.0% by weight of ethanol
        0.5% by weight of PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil
        0.3% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        Purified water: Up to 100% by weight

2. Preparation of Ointment

    
    


According to the following composition, an ointment containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.5% by weight of plant extracts
        10.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        10.0% by weight of beeswax
        5.0% by weight of polysorbate 60
        2.0% by weight of PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil
        0.5% by weight of sorbitan sesquioleate
        5.0% by weight of Vaseline
        10.0% by weight of liquid paraffin
        5.0% by weight of squalene
        3.0% by weight of shea butter
        5.0% by weight of caprylic/capric triglyceride
        10.0% by weight of glycerin
        10.2% by weight of propylene glycol
        0.2% by weight of triethanolamine
        0.05% by weight of a preservative
        0.05% by weight of a pigment
        0.05% by weight of a perfume
        water: Up to 100% by weight

3. Preparation of Drug for Topical Administration (Gel Ointment)

    
    


According to the following composition, a gel ointment containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.5% by weight of plant extracts
        10.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        1.5% by weight of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol 940)
        5.0% by weight of isopropanol
        25.0% by weight of hexylene glycol
        1.7% by weight of triethanolamine
        Deionized water: Up to 100% by weight

4. Preparation of Drug for Topical Administration (Patch)

    
    


According to the following composition, a patch containing plant extracts as active ingredients was prepared according to a conventional method.

    
    
        0.5% by weight of plant extracts
        3.0% by weight of beta-1,3-glucan
        20.0% by weight of hexylene glycol
        0.7% by weight of diethylamine
        1.0% by weight of polyacrylic acid (Carbopol 934P)
        0.1% by weight of sodium sulfite
        1.0% by weight of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (E.O=9)
        1.0% by weight of polyhydroxyethylene cetyl stearyl ether (Cetomacrogol 1000)
        2.5% by weight of viscous paraffin oil
        2.5% by weight of caprylic acid ester/capric acid ester (Cetiol LC)
        3.0% by weight of polyethylene glycol 400
        Deionized water: Up to 100% by weight
    
    


Formulation Example 4
Manufacture of Food
Foods containing the plant extracts of the present invention were prepared as follows.
1. Manufacture of Flour Food
0.05 to 1.0 part by weight of the plant extracts was added to flour to prepare a mixture. This mixture was used to manufacture health foods such as breads, cakes, cookies, crackers, and noodles.
2. Manufacture of Dairy Products
0.2 parts by weight of the plant extracts was added to milk, and various dairy products such as butter and ice cream were manufactured using the milk.
3. Manufacture of Mixed Grain Powder
Brown rice, barley, glutinous rice, and adlay were dried through pregelatinization by a known method, and then the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh. In addition, black beans, black sesame, and perilla were steamed and dried according to a known method. Then, the dried grains were roasted and pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh. The plant extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure using a vacuum concentrator and dried through spraying and hot air drying to obtain a dried product. The dried product was pulverized using a grinder to obtain powder having a particle size of 60 mesh.
Based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed powder, the dry powder of grains, seeds, and plant extracts prepared above was blended in the following ratios.
Grains (30 parts by weight of brown rice, 15 parts by weight of adlay, and 20 parts by weight of barley),
Seeds (7 parts by weight of perilla, 8 parts by weight of black beans, and 7 parts by weight of black sesame),

    
    
        0.1 parts by weight of plant extracts,
        0.5 parts by weight of lingzhi mushroom,
        0.5 parts by weight of adhesive rehmannia
    
    


Formulation Example 5
Manufacture of Beverages
1. Manufacture of Health Drinks


    
    
        0.1 mg of plant extracts
        1.000 mg of citric acid
        100 g of oligosaccharide
        2 g of plum concentrate
        1 g of taurine
        Adjusting the total volume to 900 mL with purified water
    
    


After mixing the above ingredients according to a conventional health drink manufacturing method, the mixture was stirred and heated at 85° C. for about 1 hour to obtain a solution. The solution was placed in a filtered and sterilized 2 L container, sealed, and sterilized. Thereafter, the filtered solution was refrigerated. Then, the solution was used in preparation of the health drink composition of the present invention.
As a preferred embodiment, the composition ratio is determined based on ingredients suitable for favorite drinks. However, the composition ratio may be arbitrarily changed according to regional and ethnic preferences such as demand class, demand country, and use purpose.
2. Manufacture of Vegetable Juice
1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of tomato or carrot juice to prepare vegetable juice for health promotion.
3. Manufacture of Fruit Juice
1 g of the plant extracts of the present invention was added to 1,000 mL of apple or grape juice to prepare fruit juice for health promotion.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
A composition comprising plant extracts according to the present invention has a skin whitening effect by reducing the total amount of melanin and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes of the skin, promotes skin regeneration and increases skin elasticity or reduces skin wrinkles by promoting collagen synthesis and inhibiting collagenase activity in fibroblasts of the skin, has an anti-inflammatory or a skin soothing effect by suppressing NO generation, increases the amount of moisture in the skin and has a moisturizing effect by promoting generation of hyaluronic acid in fibroblasts, and has an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. In addition, since the composition of the present invention has a broad antibacterial effect against various bacteria, the composition can be used as a cosmetic composition, a pharmaceutical composition, a skin external preparation, or a food composition.